Energy Consumption for the Utilisation of the Tangential Traction Force in the Transport Mode of the Agricultural Machine-Tractor Aggregate

2022 ◽  
pp. 247-253
Author(s):  
V. P. Antipin ◽  
M. Ya. Durmanov ◽  
O. A. Mikhailov
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Transport Mode ◽  
Agricultural Machine ◽  
Tangential Traction

scholarly journals Development of Hybrid Vehicle Energy Consumption Model for Transportation Applications—Part II: Traction Force-Speed Based Energy Consumption Modeling

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Siriorn Pitanuwat ◽  
Hirofumi Aoki ◽  
Satoru IIzuka ◽  
Takayuki Morikawa
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Hybrid Vehicles ◽  
Specific Power ◽  
Mode Transition ◽  
Hybrid Powertrain ◽  
Modeling Methods ◽  
Consumption Model ◽  
Energy Consumption Modeling

In the transportation sector, the fuel consumption model is a fundamental tool for vehicles’ energy consumption and emission analysis. Over the past decades, vehicle-specific power (VSP) has been enormously adopted in a number of studies to estimate vehicles’ instantaneous driving power. Then, the relationship between the driving power and fuel consumption is established as a fuel consumption model based on statistical approaches. This study proposes a new methodology to improve the conventional energy consumption modeling methods for hybrid vehicles. The content is organized into a two-paper series. Part I captures the driving power equation development and the coefficient calibration for a specific vehicle model or fleet. Part II focuses on hybrid vehicles’ energy consumption modeling, and utilizes the equation obtained in Part I to estimate the driving power. Also, this paper has discovered that driving power is not the only primary factor that influences hybrid vehicles’ energy consumption. This study introduces a new approach by applying the fundamental of hybrid powertrain operation to reduce the errors and drawbacks of the conventional modeling methods. This study employs a new driving power estimation equation calibrated for the third generation Toyota Prius from Part I. Then, the Traction Force-Speed Based Fuel Consumption Model (TFS model) is proposed. The combination of these two processes provides a significant improvement in fuel consumption prediction error compared to the conventional VSP prediction method. The absolute maximum error was reduced from 57% to 23%, and more than 90% of the predictions fell inside the 95% confidential interval. These validation results were conducted based on real-world driving data. Furthermore, the results show that the proposed model captures the efficiency variation of the hybrid powertrain well due to the multi-operation mode transition throughout the variation of the driving conditions. This study also provides a supporting analysis indicating that the driving mode transition in hybrid vehicles significantly affects the energy consumption. Thus, it is necessary to consider these unique characteristics to the modeling process.

scholarly journals ACTIVE AND PASSIVE WORK OF THE TRACTOR IN THE COMPOSITION OF TILLAGE UNITS

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. T. Lebedev ◽  
◽  
S. A. Lebedev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Dynamic Parameters ◽  
Total Energy Consumption ◽  
Additional Energy ◽  
Reverse Transition ◽  
Agrarian Policy ◽  
Scientific Practical ◽  
Vector Sum

Purpose of the study. Improving the efficiency of using a tractor as part of a tillage machine through scientific and technical substantiation of energy conservation. This goal is achieved by increasing the active (useful) and reducing the passive (not useful) work of the tractor. Research methods. The method of partial accelerations based on the reverse transition from the vector sum in the space of forces acting on the tractor to the vector sum in the space of accelerations is the basis for assessing the traction-energy and dynamic parameters of tractors in the composition of tillage machines. The results of the study. The unevenness of the movement significantly affects the decrease in the active work of the tillage unit and, accordingly, the increase in the passive work. A dependence is proposed for determining the additional energy consumption for oscillatory movements with an uneven movement of the tractor unit. It is proved that the additional energy consumption during the unstable movement of the tillage unit on the rut is 2-3 % (passive work) of the total energy consumption. The method of partial accelerations, which is based on the reverse transition from the vector sum in the space of forces acting on the tractor, to the vector sum in the space of accelerations, is the basis for assessing the traction-energy and dynamic parameters of tractors in the composition of tillage machines. On the basis of this method, the methodology for assessing the traction-energy and dynamic indicators of the tractor when performing the technological process without the use of dynamometric means has been substantiated. The modernized measuring and registration complex, developed with the participation of the authors of the article at the Kharkiv National Automobile and Highway University, P. Vasilenko Kharkiv National Technical University of Agriculture and the Kharkiv branch of L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT in the direction of software for assessing the resistance of aggregated machines, traction efficiency of the tractor, longitudinal acceleration of the unit. The use of this complex when testing tractors is aimed at implementing the methodology of L. Pogorilyy UkrNDIPVT with the definition of traction indicators of tractors and standards of the Code 2 of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD). Conclusions. The article contains a theoretical generalization and a new solution to the scientific problem of increasing the efficiency of a tractor as part of a tillage unit, based on a decrease in additional energy costs (passive work). The research results made it possible to formulate the main theoretical and scientific-practical conclusions. The scientific value of the study lies in clarifying the dependence of the tractor operation as part of the tillage machine in the direction of reducing the useless (passive) work on turns at the headland and on a turn on the rut. It has been proven that in order to ensure maximum operation of this unit, it must be operated with increased traction force and reduced travel speed. The dynamic model of the tractor as part of the tillage unit has been improved. The practical value of the study lies in the standard developed on the basis of the partial acceleration method for assessing the traction properties of the tractor SOU 71.2-37-046043080-017: 2015, which is recommended by the Ministry of Agrarian Policy and Food of Ukraine for use in testing and modernizing tractors.

scholarly journals Theoretical Studies of Forwarder Productivity with Limited Impact on Soils

2021 ◽  
pp. 101-116
Author(s):  
Olga N. Burmistrova ◽  
◽  
Alexey A. Prosuzhih ◽  
Egor G. Khitrov ◽  
Olga A. Kunitskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Practical Interest ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Theoretical Studies ◽  
Limited Impact ◽  
Wood Harvesting ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Logging Industry ◽  
First Pass ◽  
Tangential Traction ◽  
Machine Systems

Wheeled forest machines currently dominate the logging industry in Russia and in the world. Every year in Russia, the share of machine-made wood harvesting using Scandinavian technology increases, which involves felling trees, delimbing, and bucking them at a swath. Moreover, this technology is used not only for conventional two-machine systems with harvester and forwarder. In some regions of Siberia three-machine systems are gaining popularity. They consist of a feller-buncher, a swath processor, and a forwarder for skidding obtained logs. The issue of increasing the efficiency of forwarders is relevant for the timber industry. Its solving is possible on the basis of a comprehensive assessment of design solutions with the use of modern modeling and process optimization tools at the stage of development design. This approach requires deep theoretical and experimental research and is of great scientific and practical interest. When determining the maximum volume of skidded wood, the following machine limitations are considered: by bearing capacity; by tangential traction force; by the traction of the mover with the soil (tangential traction force should not exceed the traction force of the mover with the driving surface – the soil of the logging site). Besides this, there are recommendations to limit the weight of the skidder with the load, based on the permissible track depth after the first pass of the machine; it is believed that this figure should not exceed 20 cm. This statement is supported by the results of studies of the track development under the cyclic influence of the wheel mover (that is when the forwarder repeatedly passes the same section of the portage). This raises the question of forwarder productivity in the skidding operation with the regard to the track depth limitation. For citation: Burmistrova O.N., Prosuzhih A.A., Khitrov E.G., Kunitskaya O.A., Luneva E.N. Theoretical Studies of Forwarder Productivity with Limited Impact on Soils. Lesnoy Zhurnal [Russian Forestry Journal], 2021, no. 3, pp. 101–116. DOI: 10.37482/0536-1036-2021-3-101-116

scholarly journals Contested Power: American Long-Distance Passenger Rail and the Ambiguities of Energy Intensity Analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Minn
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Fundamental Question ◽  
Intensity Analysis ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
Transport Mode ◽  
Passenger Rail ◽  
Ontological Question ◽  
Analytical Approaches

This paper is a critical review of research on long-distance passenger rail energy consumption that examines the factors that affect the energy intensity of rail, the comparative energy intensity of alternative modes (auto, air and bus), and the sources of discrepancies between different published energy intensity figures. The ambiguities underlying those discrepancies point to a fundamental question about what phenomenon is being quantified in energy intensity analysis, and whether any transport mode can be said to universally have an energy intensity advantage over other modes at all times, places and scales. This ontological question may be as significant as the epistemic conflicts dominating discourses over competing studies and analytical approaches.

scholarly journals Influence of Biopreparations on Soil and Crop Residue Properties, Traction Force of Machines in Shallow Tillage

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6018
Author(s):  
Kristina Lekavičienė ◽  
Vilma Naujokienė ◽  
Egidijus Šarauskis ◽  
Algirdas Jasinskas
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Winter Wheat ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Soil Porosity ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Positive Effect

Solving traction force and energy consumption problem in crop production, the use of strategically selected bioproducts can change the physical properties of the soil and influence changes in the traction force during tillage technological operations. The aim of this work was to investigate the influence of different biopreparations on the physical properties of the soil, winter wheat residues and the machine traction force during shallow tillage. In spring, after the resumption of winter wheat vegetation, seven different biopreparations and their mixtures were used. In autumn, after the harvest, studies of plant residues and soil porosity and density were performed prior to shallow tillage. The traction force of the tractor when working the soil shallowly was determined at 3 driving velocities—8, 10 and 12 km h−1. Research has shown a positive effect of biopreparations on the total porosity, density, and traction force of the machine. However, biopreparations did not significantly affect the cutting force of winter wheat residues. Biopreparations can reduce the traction force in shallow tillage due positive changes soil properties.

Selected problems of train motion optimization

2020 ◽  
Vol 131 ◽  
pp. 59-77
Author(s):  
Janusz Szkopiński
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Traction Force ◽  
Quadratic Function ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Resistance Force ◽  
Calculation Error ◽  
Railway Network ◽  
Running Time ◽  
Railway Traffic ◽  
The Way

The optimization of train movement on the basis of the criterion of minimizing the traction energy consumption is currently an important issue of the conducted analyzes and research, which is mainly due to the achieved traction energy savings of 5% to 10%. The assumptions concerning the way of running the train so far were based on theses, the key evaluation criterion of which was to obtain the minimum train running time. Taking into account the development of railway traffic control and management systems, e.g. the ERTMS / ETCS system, including the possibility of transmitting information about the route parameters and operating conditions to the traction vehicle on the section preceding the movement of a given train, takes on importance the criterion of minimizing energy consumption, thus it is necessary to verify the theses in question. The article formulates formulas for determining the time and distance traveled by a train depending on the traction characteristics of the vehicle as well as the resistance to motion resulting from the track infrastructure, train parameters and its speed. The traction force was determined by interpolating the train characteristic through the quadratic function for specific train speed ranges, along with determining the possible calculation error based on the boundaries with a line from above and below in such a way the characteristic will between these curves. The resistance force was adopted on the basis of the research institute (formerly: COBiRTK) formula used on the Polish railway network. The result of the analysis is obtaining more favorable solutions in terms of the minimum consumption of traction energy than one if use criterion of the minimum train running time. The conclusion of the study is the confirmation of the need to verify the theses in question regarding the way of running the train.

scholarly journals Reducing the soil structure destruction along the rut and increasing the traction properties of the tractor by using the rear grouser of the track link

2021 ◽  
Vol 282 ◽  
pp. 07009
Author(s):  
V.N. Kozhanov ◽  
M.A. Rusanov ◽  
M.G. Shtyka ◽  
V.S. Kukhar
Keyword(s):  
Traction Force ◽  
Rolling Resistance ◽  
Resistance Coefficient ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Horizontal Deformation ◽  
Tangential Traction ◽  
Soil Destruction ◽  
Agricultural Tractors ◽  
Agricultural Tractor ◽  
Traction Power

The traditionally used mixed grouser of the metal track link causes a decrease in the traction qualities of the agricultural tractor. The use of a rear grouser on the track link, in our opinion, will significantly improve the traction properties of an agricultural tractor with a metal track and reduce the soil destruction. When the rear grouser is immersed in the soil, an additional horizontal deformation of the soil occurs, which changes the law of horizontal deformation distribution along the support surface of the trackdrive, which ensures the alignment of the link shares in the implementation of the tangential traction force. This leads not only to a reduction in the trackdrive skidding, but also to a reduction in tractor rolling losses. Comparative tests of the T-4A tractor with a serial track, and a track on which links the front grousers were removed showed that the maximum traction power increases from 59 to 65 kW, the skidding with a hook load of 40 kN decreases from 14.6 to 9.4%, the rolling resistance coefficient decreases from 0.093 to 0.072, eliminates the “scissors” effect, which will reduce the number of erosive-dangerous particles in the track trace to 30...40%, which is 5.6...4.25 times less than in agricultural tractors with a mixed grouser, which confirms the effectiveness of their use.

scholarly journals Development and Rationale of Two-Disk Operating Body of Agricultural Machine for Tillage

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 383-389
Author(s):  
A. S. Ivanov ◽  
M. S. Puzyrev ◽  
E. M. Chikishev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Energy Intensity ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Angular Speed ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Agricultural Machine ◽  
Ac Motors ◽  
Translational Speed ◽  
Agricultural Machines

One of the main problems in the design of agricultural machines, including tillage machines, is to ensure the optimal energy intensity of various technological operations. The design, kinematic and technological parameters of rotary tillage machines have a significant impact on the indicators of the energy intensity of the process and the quality of tillage. These parameters include the diameter of the operating body of the agricultural machine, the angular speed and rotational speed of the disks, the number of cutting elements, the translational speed of the operating body, the height of the ridge formed during soil cultivation, the thickness of the cut chips. An important agrotechnical parameter of a rotary tillage machine is the ridging of the furrow bottom. The height of the ridges formed should not be less than 20 % of the depth of the cultivated soil. Currently, in order to ensure the required height of the ridges in the designs of rotary machines, there are a number of restrictions that determine the operating mode and parameters of the units. The degree of influence of the parameters of the developed operating body and the energy consumption on the quality of tillage has been assessed in the process of the research. The experiments have been carried out on an installation that included an operating body, a power unit, control and instrumentation equipment. As the power section, AC motors with a phase rotor were used, the power of which was 0.75 and 1.50 kW, and the speed of rotation was 920, 1500 and 3000 rpm. The parameters have been set that allow to reduce the energy consumption for tillage by 11–17 %, compared to existing machines, and ensure the alignment of the furrow bottom by up to 80 %.

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