Factors Influencing the Occurrence and the Fate of E. coli Population in Karst Hydrosystems

2017 ◽  
pp. 219-230
Author(s):  
Fabienne Petit ◽  
Thierry Berthe ◽  
Gautier Chaix ◽  
Erick Denamur ◽  
Olivier Clermont ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Influencing

scholarly journals 1605. Temperature Modulates the Rate of Increase of Antibiotic Resistance Across Europe

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. S585-S586
Author(s):  
Sarah McGough ◽  
Derek MacFadden ◽  
Mohammad Hattab ◽  
Kare Molbak ◽  
Mauricio Santillana
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Antibiotic Consumption ◽  
Human Populations ◽  
Ambient Temperatures ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Public Health Threat

Abstract Background Widely recognized as a major public health threat globally, the rapid increase of antibiotic resistance in bacteria could soon render our most effective method to combat infections obsolete. Factors influencing the burden of resistance in human populations remain poorly described, though temperature is known to play an important role in mechanisms of bacterial growth and transmission. Methods Here, we present the first evidence that ambient temperatures may modulate the rate of increase of antibiotic resistance across Europe. Using a comprehensive dataset containing information across 28 countries, for 17 years (2000–2016), 3 common bacterial pathogens, and 4 antibiotic classes collectively representing over 4 million tested isolates, we show that antibiotic resistance has increased more rapidly in warmer regions over a period of nearly 2 decades. Results Specifically, we show that European countries with 10°C warmer ambient temperatures have experienced more rapid increases in antibiotic resistance to E. coli and K. pneumoniae over the 17-year period, ranging between 0.33%/year (95% CI 0.2, 0.5) and 1.2%/year (0.4, 1.9), even after accounting for recognized drivers of resistance including antibiotic consumption and population density. We found a decreasing relationship for S. aureus and methicillin of -0.4%/year (95% CI −0.7, 0.0), reflecting widespread declines in MRSA across Europe over the study period. Conclusion Our findings suggest that rising temperatures globally may hasten the spread of resistance and complicate efforts to mitigate it. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.

Factors Influencing Attachment of Escherichia coli O157:H7 to Beef Tissues and Removal Using Selected Sanitizing Rinses‡

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (5) ◽  
pp. 453-459 ◽  
Author(s):  
PINA M. FRATAMICO ◽  
FRANKIE J. SCHULTZ ◽  
ROBERT C. BENEDICT ◽  
ROBERT L. BUCHANAN ◽  
PETER H. COOKE
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Surface Structures ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Phosphate Buffered Saline ◽  
Scanning Electron

Attachment of E. coli O157:H7 and E. coli K12 to beef tenderloin filet, chuck, and adipose tissues was studied. Most attachment occurred within 1 min of incubation; the number of attached organisms depended on the concentration of bacteria in the liquid inoculum. Similar levels of E. coli bound to the three types of beef tissues tested. E. coli O157:H7 was heavily piliated; however, there was no significant difference between levels of bound E. coli O157:H7 and E. coli K12, indicating that these surface structures apparently are not involved in attachment. Scanning electron photomicrographs of meat tissue and of purified collagen suggested that bacteria attached primarily to collagen fibers. Rinsing solutions consisting of 10% trisodium phosphate (TSP), 2% acetic acid (HAc), phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) and combinations of each were tested for effectiveness in reducing the number of attached E. coli. The level of bacteria removed from tenderloin tissue following TSP, HAc, or PBS rinses did not differ considerably. When beef tissues were stored at 4°C for 18 h after the various rinse combinations, TSP rinse treatments reduced the levels of E. coli K12 and O157:H7 attached to adipose tissue up to 3.4 and 2.7 log units, respectively, compared to PBS rinse treatments. Therefore, TSP may be effective for reducing populations of E. coli O157:H7 on beef carcass tissue.

Factors influencing the persistence ofEscherichia coliO157:H7 lineages in feces from cattle fed grain versus grass hay diets

2010 ◽  
Vol 56 (8) ◽  
pp. 667-675 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross M.S. Lowe ◽  
Krysty Munns ◽  
L. Brent Selinger ◽  
Linda Kremenik ◽  
Danica Baines ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Hemorrhagic Colitis ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Negative Bacterium ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Uremic Syndrome

Escherichia coli O157:H7 is a pathogenic, gram-negative bacterium that causes diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and can lead to fatal hemolytic uremic syndrome in humans. We examined the persistence of E. coli O157:H7 lineages I and II in feces held at 4, 12, and 25 °C, from animals fed either grain or hay diets. Three strains of each lineage I and II were inoculated into grain-fed or hay-fed feces, and their persistence was monitored over 28 days. No significant differences in E. coli O157:H7 survival between the 2 lineages in both fecal types was found at the examined temperatures. Volatile fatty acids were higher in grain-fed than in hay-fed feces, resulting in consistently lower pH in the grain-fed feces at 4, 12 and 25 °C. Regardless of lineage type, E. coli O157:H7 CFUs were significantly higher in grain-fed than in hay-fed feces at 4 and 25 °C. Escherichia coli O157:H7 survival was highest in grain-fed feces at 25 °C up to 14 days. Our results indicate that the 2 lineages of E. coli O157:H7 do not differ in their persistence; however, it appears that temperature and feces type both affect the survival of the pathogen.

scholarly journals NUMBER OF COMMON BILE DUCT STONES WITHOUT CHOLANGITIS CORRELATES WITH BACTERIOLOGIC ASSESSMENT OF BILE

2019 ◽  
pp. 26-29
Author(s):  
I. N. Mamontov
Keyword(s):  
Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct ◽  
Common Bile Duct Stones ◽  
Mirizzi Syndrome ◽  
Bile Duct Stones ◽  
Duodenal Papilla ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Common ◽  
Impacted Stone

Abstract. Aim: to determine the factors influencing on bacteribilia in patients with benign obstruction of the extrahepatic biliary tract (BOEBT). Materials and Methods. A study of 30 cases of BOEBT with bacteriologic bile assessment was performed. A comparison of the incidence of different factors in patients with or without bacteriobilia was done. Results. Positive bile culture was in 22 (73.3%) patients. The most common were E. coli and Klebsiella (68.2%). There was no difference (p<0.05) in sex, age, bilirubin level, gallbladder condition, common bile duct size, major duodenal papilla (MDP) size, common bile duct stones, sludge, Mirizzi syndrome, impacted stone in MDP. Significant differences were found in number of common bile duct stones: 1-2 stones (p<0,001) and multiple stones (p<0,05). Conclusions. Risk factors for bacteriobilia is 1-2 stones in the common bile duct (p<0,001). Multiple stones (≥3) are not associated with bacteriobilia (p<0,05).

scholarly journals Factors Influencing the Duration of Acute Infantile Diarrhea

2018 ◽  
Vol 35 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 141-9
Author(s):  
Sutomo Rahardjo ◽  
S. M. Salendu Warouw
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Chronic Diarrhea ◽  
Health Department ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Infantile Diarrhea ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Carbohydrate Intolerance

A retrospective study was conducted on infantile diarrhea treated at the Gunung Wenang General Hospital to evaluate the relationship of age, nutritional status and cause of diarrhea to the duration of episode of infantile diarrhea. From January 1991 up to December 1992, 584 infantile diarrhea cases out of 1109 infants were treated at the Division Gastroenterology Child Health Department. Three hundred and forty-four (58,7%) of them were male, and 56% of patients were less than 12 months of age. The nutritional status was evaluated using NCHS standard; 391 (67,0%) were well-nourished, 49 (8,4%) were moderately under-nourished, and .S (0,8%) were severely malnourished. Duration of diarrhea of 4 days of less was found in 70.8% of patients 13-24 months old, 43.9% in 7-12 months age group, 46.2% of infants 4-6 months age group, and 54.8% of infants 1-3 months age group, 60,6% of well-nourished infants, 56,8% of mildly malnourished infants, and 31,5% of moderate to severely malnourished infants. Chronic diarrhea was found in 5 infants (0,9%), 3 with severe malnourished infants suffered from carbohydrate intolerance with E. histolytica infestation and the other 2 infants due to E. coli.

Pre-harvest factors influencing the acid resistance of Escherichia coli and E. coli O157:H7

2003 ◽  
Vol 81 (4) ◽  
pp. 1080-1087 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. J. Fu ◽  
J. H. Porter ◽  
E. E. D. Felton ◽  
J. W. Lehmkuhler ◽  
M. S. Kerley
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Acid Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Influencing

scholarly journals Survival of fecal indicator bacteria in the grass philosphere when irrigated with livestock waste water

2019 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-349
Author(s):  
O. Е. Chezlova ◽  
A. A. Volchak
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Contamination ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Livestock Waste ◽  
Fecal Indicator ◽  
Adequate Model ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Fold Reduction ◽  
Number Of Bacteria ◽  
Significant Factors

In a field experiment, the dying off of sanitary-indicative bacteria in grasses when irrigating them with wastewater of a pig breeding complex was assessed. Watering was carried out with norms of 270, 180 and 90 m3/ha. Bacterial contamination of herbs was directly dependent on the rate of irrigation with wastewater. E. coli 10 days after watering with a wastewater norm of 270 m3/ha was preserved in plants, while at a rate of 180 and 90 m3/ha it was absent. After 21 days, this microorganism was absent in plants with all types of irrigation wastewater. For indicators of E. coli, the total microbial count (TBC), enterococci is adequate model of the exponential dying of bacteria in plants, depending on the time after watering wastewater. Microorganisms were distributed according to the rate of dying down as follows (in decreasing direction): E. coli (k = 0.48 day–1), TBC (k = 0.089–0.17 day–1), enterococci (k = 0.086–0.10 day–1). The time of a 10-fold reduction in the number of bacteria was smaller for E. coli – 4.76 days, for enterococci it varied from 22.91 to 26.69, for TBC – from 13.37 to 25.77 days. The obtained equations of multiple regression allowed to identify the most significant factors influencing the number of bacteria, as well as to predict it within the framework of the models created.

Factors Influencing Autoaggregation and Aggregation of Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus Isolated from Handmade Yogurt

2007 ◽  
Vol 70 (1) ◽  
pp. 223-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
BELMA ASLIM ◽  
DERYA ONAL ◽  
YAVUZ BEYATLI
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii ◽  
The Other ◽  
Extracellular Polysaccharides ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Probiotic Strains ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Lactobacillus Delbrueckii Subsp ◽  
Selection Of

Of 26 Lactobacillus delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strains isolated from yogurt, strains B2 and 22, which produce low levels (28 and 21 mg liter−1, respectively) of extracellular polysaccharides (EPSs), and strains B3 and G12, which produce high EPS levels (211 and 175 mg liter−1, respectively), were selected for further study. The two high EPS-producing strains showed a significant autoaggregation and coaggregation ability with Escherichia coli ATCC 11230 (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the effect of bile was evaluated on autoaggregation and hydrophobicity. Autoaggregation and hydrophobicity of these L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strains decreased after treatment with bile. Only the high EPS-producing L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus strain B3 showed greater autoaggregation (80%) and hydrophobicity (86%) than the other strains after bile treatment. When these strains were assessed for the inhibition of E. coli ATCC 11230 in coculture, L. delbrueckii subsp. bulgaricus B3 completely inhibited E. coli during 24 and 48 h of incubation. This investigation showed that a high EPS production and coaggregation ability may be important in the selection of probiotic strains.

The impact of biofilm-forming potential and tafi production on transport of environmental Salmonella through unsaturated porous media

Biologia ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Salvucci ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
Veronica Morales ◽  
M. Cakmak ◽  
Anthony Hay ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Porous Media ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Microbial Pathogens ◽  
Unsaturated Porous Media ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Unsaturated Sand ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractUnderstanding the factors influencing the transport of microbial pathogens, such as Salmonella and Escherichia coli, through porous media is critical to protecting drinking water supplies. The production of biofilms, along with individual biofilm-associated components, such as tafi, is believed to hinder transport of microorganisms through soil. This study investigated the relationship between biofilm formation and tafi production and the transport of environmental Salmonella through porous media. Thirty-two Salmonella isolates were initially assayed for their ability to form biofilms, from which a subset of these was selected to represent a range of high and low biofilm-formation potential and tafi formation capabilities. These were subsequently examined in unsaturated sand columns for transport characteristics. No obvious correlation was observed between Salmonella phenotypes and column retention. The results indicated that while transport of well-characterized laboratory E. coli strains can often be hindered by the presence of tafi and the potential to form biofilms, the presence of tafi did not retard the transport of the Salmonella strains.

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