Parasitic Worms, Protozoa, and Treponema in Dermatology

2021 ◽  
pp. 225-250
Author(s):  
Nooshin Bagherani ◽  
Uwe Wollina ◽  
Negin Bagherani ◽  
Nourchène Toukabri ◽  
Asmahane Souissi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parasitic Worms

Helminths collected from Horses in the Aberystwyth Area

1926 ◽  
Vol 4 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 179-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Aneurin Lewis
Keyword(s):  
South Wales ◽  
North Wales ◽  
Anoplocephala Perfoliata ◽  
Parasitic Worms

In February, 1924, Dr. Walton recorded Anoplocephala perfoliata, Ascaris equi, Oxyuris equi (curvula), and Cylicostomum tetracanthum from horses in North Wales; and in January 1925, Mr. Bissett, M.R.C.V.S., found, in a horse from Duffryn Mountains (South Wales), a large number of parasitic worms, including Anoplocephala mammillana, Cylicostomum tetracanthum, Strongylus edentatus, S. vulgaris, S. equinus, and one specimen of Oxyuris. These, it seems, are the only recent records concerning helminthic parasites of horses in Wales. It was therefore thought desirable to examine a few horses very carefully.

On a Collection of Parasitic Worms from East Africa

1932 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 209-230 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Gladstone Solomon
Keyword(s):  
East Africa ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Tropical Medicine ◽  
London School ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Veterinary Services ◽  
The Third ◽  
Veterinary Research ◽  
Parasitic Worms

The following material was sent to the Department of Helminthology of the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine in three groups; two lots coming from Mr. Aneurin Lewis, of the Veterinary Research Station at Kabete, Kenya Colony, and the third lot from the Director of Veterinary Services, Uganda. For this latter, the writer is indebted to the Imperial Bureau of Agricultural Parasitology. The major part of the material was placed at his disposal by Professor R. T. Leiper, F.R.S., to whom he wishes to express his sincere thanks.

scholarly journals Molecular archaeoparasitology identifies cultural changes in the Medieval Hanseatic trading centre of Lübeck

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1888) ◽  
pp. 20180991 ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrik G. Flammer ◽  
Simon Dellicour ◽  
Stephen G. Preston ◽  
Dirk Rieger ◽  
Sylvia Warren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
Trichuris Trichiura ◽  
Taenia Saginata ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Cultural Changes ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Parasitic Worms ◽  
Diphyllobothrium Latum ◽  
Sample Set

Throughout history, humans have been afflicted by parasitic worms, and eggs are readily detected in archaeological deposits. This study integrated parasitological and ancient DNA methods with a large sample set dating between Neolithic and Early Modern periods to explore the utility of molecular archaeoparasitology as a new approach to study the past. Molecular analyses provided unequivocal species-level parasite identification and revealed location-specific epidemiological signatures. Faecal–oral transmitted nematodes ( Ascaris lumbricoides and Trichuris trichiura ) were ubiquitous across time and space. By contrast, high numbers of food-associated cestodes ( Diphyllobothrium latum and Taenia saginata ) were restricted to medieval Lübeck. The presence of these cestodes and changes in their prevalence at approximately 1300 CE indicate substantial alterations in diet or parasite availability. Trichuris trichiura ITS-1 sequences grouped into two clades; one ubiquitous and one restricted to medieval Lübeck and Bristol. The high sequence diversity of T.t .ITS-1 detected in Lübeck is consistent with its importance as a Hanseatic trading centre. Collectively, these results introduce molecular archaeoparasitology as an artefact-independent source of historical evidence.

scholarly journals Helminth fauna of Microtus cf. arvalis (Rodentia, Cricetidae) in Russia and adjacent countries

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
NADEZHDA Yu. KIRILLOVA ◽  
Alexander Kirillov ◽  
ALEXANDER B. RUCHIN ◽  
MAXIM V. TRUKHACHEV
Keyword(s):  
Common Vole ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Final Host ◽  
Helminth Fauna ◽  
Helminth Species ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Voles ◽  
Paratenic Hosts ◽  
Parasitic Worms

Abstract. Kirillova NYu, Kirillov AA, Ruchin AB, Trukhachev MV. 2020. Helminth fauna of Microtus cf. arvalis (Rodentia, Cricetidae) in Russia and adjacent countries. Biodiversitas 21: 1961-1979. The helminth fauna of voles of the Microtus cf. arvalis group is reviewed focusing on the Russian fauna and that of adjacent territories. In total, 61 helminth species have been recorded in these rodents: Trematoda-14, Cestoda-21, Nematoda-25, Acanthocephala-1. The diversity of the helminth community of the common vole is due to the wide species range and abundance of this rodent. M. arvalis is the final host for most of the parasites recorded from this host species. Only 10 cestodes and trematodes species use common voles as intermediate and paratenic hosts. The core of this voles’ helminth fauna is formed by common species that parasitize many different rodent species. The helminth fauna of the common vole has been most intensively studied in Russia, where 45 species of parasitic worms have been recorded in rodents. The similarity of the helminth fauna of the common vole from different study regions is determined by both the geographical proximity of the research areas and the broad distribution of most of the M. cf. arvalis helminth species.

scholarly journals A systematic review of the parasites (Acanthocephala) of the domestic waterfowl

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fuad Hüseynəli oğlu Rzayev ◽  
◽  
Eldar Köçəri oğlu Qasımov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Small Area ◽  
Anas Platyrhynchos ◽  
Wide Area ◽  
Anser Anser ◽  
Domestic Ducks ◽  
Parasitic Worms ◽  
First Time ◽  
Scientific Name

The article presents the information about a systematic review of parasitic worms – acanthocephalans of the domestic waterfowl. Based on our own and literature data, 12 acanthocephala species belonging to the 1 order, 1 family and 5 genera were identified in domestic ducks (Anas platyrhynchos dom.) and geese (Anser anser dom.). Three species of worms are found in domestic waterfowl in Azerbaijan. The acanthocephala Polymorphus magnus have been reported for the first time in Azerbaijan – Khachmaz region in both birds. Six species of acanthocephals parasitize only in anseriformes, and the remaining six species parasitize including other orders of birds (Ciconiiformes, Gruiformes, Galliformes, Podicipediformes, Gaviiformes, Falconiformes, Charadriiformes et al.) and even mammals (Rodentia, Carnivora). Of the registered acanthocephals, 3 species have a small area of distribution, and the remaining 9 species have a wide area. Each species is provided with the following data: scientific name, authority and year, synonyms, final, intermediate and auxiliary hosts, habitat in the bird body, collecting localities and geographic distribution, prevalence (PI) and intensity (II) of infection, literature sources. Keywords: geese, duck, acanthocephala, systematic review, area, hosts

scholarly journals The Effect of the Manure from Sheep Treated with Anthelmintics on Clover (Trifolium pratense)

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 1892
Author(s):  
Lenka Langhansová ◽  
Martina Navrátilová ◽  
Lenka Skálová ◽  
Kateřina Moťková ◽  
Radka Podlipná
Keyword(s):  
Trifolium Pratense ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
In Vitro Models ◽  
Temporary Increase ◽  
Enzymes Activities ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes Activities ◽  
Parasitic Worms ◽  
Uptake And Metabolism

The anthelmintics (regularly administered to livestock to control the infections caused by parasitic worms) and their metabolites formed in treated animals are excreted to the environment. This contamination might have a negative influence on non-target organisms including plants. Our previous studies described the uptake, metabolism, and effects of anthelmintics in plants using in vitro models exposed to anthelmintic drugs in solutions. The present study was performed in clover grown in soil fertilized with manure from sheep treated with the recommended dose of albendazole (ABZ), ivermectin (IVM), or monepantel (MOP). The uptake and metabolism of drugs in clover were monitored for six weeks using UHPLC-MS/MS, and several stress markers (proline accumulation, lipid peroxidation, and antioxidant enzymes activities) were evaluated. The results showed that ABZ and MOP were absorbed, metabolized, and translocated to leaves, while IVM was detected only in the roots. No or minimal drug-response was observed in monitored stress markers, and only a temporary increase of several antioxidative enzymes activities was observed. Overall, manure from sheep treated with anthelmintics does not evoke chronic stress in clover, but it can cause the entry of anthelmintics in other organisms and the food-chain.

scholarly journals Schistosome tegumental ecto-apyrase (SmATPDase1) degrades exogenous pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic nucleotides.

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akram A Da'dara ◽  
Rita Bhardwaj ◽  
Yasser MB Ali ◽  
Patrick Skelly
Keyword(s):  
Thrombus Formation ◽  
Functional Characterization ◽  
Host Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Host Immune Responses ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Molecular Patterns ◽  
Parasitic Worms ◽  
Damage Associated Molecular Patterns

Schistosomes are parasitic worms that can survive in the hostile environment of the human bloodstream where they appear refractory to both immune elimination and thrombus formation. We hypothesize that parasite migration in the bloodstream can stress the vascular endothelium causing this tissue to release chemicals alerting responsive host cells to the stress. Such chemicals are called damage associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) and among the most potent is the proinflammatory mediator, adenosine triphosphate (ATP). Furthermore, the ATP derivative ADP is a pro-thrombotic molecule that acts as a strong activator of platelets. Schistosomes are reported to possess at their host interactive tegumental surface a series of enzymes that could, like their homologs in mammals, degrade extracellular ATP and ADP. These are alkaline phosphatase (SmAP), phosphodiesterase (SmNPP-5) and ATP diphosphohydrolase (SmATPDase1). In this work we employ RNAi to knock down expression of the genes encoding these enzymes in the intravascular life stages of the parasite. We then compare the abilities of these parasites to degrade exogenously added ATP and ADP. . We find that only SmATPDase1-suppressed parasites are significantly impaired in their ability to degrade these nucleotides. Suppression of SmAP or SmNPP-5 does not appreciably affect the worms’ ability to catabolize ATP or ADP. These findings are confirmed by the functional characterization of the enzymatically active, full-length recombinant SmATPDase1 expressed in CHO-S cells. The enzyme is a true apyrase; SmATPDase1 degrades ATP and ADP in a cation dependent manner. Optimal activity is seen at alkaline pH. The Km of SmATPDase1 for ATP is 0.4 ±0.02 mM and for ADP, 0.252 ± 0.02 mM. The results confirm the role of tegumental SmATPDase1 in the degradation of the exogenous pro-inflammatory and pro-thrombotic nucleotides ATP and ADP by live intravascular stages of the parasite. By degrading host inflammatory signals like ATP, and pro-thrombotic signals like ADP, these parasite enzymes may minimize host immune responses, inhibit blood coagulation and promote schistosome survival.)

scholarly journals Relation of Parasites in Soil with The Existence of Parasites on Farmer's Nails

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-55
Author(s):  
Edza Aria Wikurendra ◽  
Merry Crismiati ◽  
Globila Nurika
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Soil Transmitted Helminths ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale ◽  
Parasitic Worms ◽  
Relationship Of

Worms is an infectious disease caused by parasitic worms that can endanger health. Worms that often infect and have a very detrimental impact are soil-borne worm infections or Soil-Transmitted Helminths. Soil-Transmitted Helminths still considered insignificant because it is considered not to cause harm or cause death. This study aims to determine the relationship of parasites in the soil with the presence of parasites on the nails of farmers Sumber Urip 1 Village Wonorejo, East Java, Indonesia. The research method was used observational analytic with a cross-sectional study design which involved 18 Sumber Urip 1 farmers in Wonorejo Village. The sampling technique used was Total Sampling. The bivariate analysis uses Pearson correlation with decision making using significant <0.01. The identification of parasites using the floating method in 18 soil samples contained 12 flattering pieces of hookworm larvae and roundworm eggs. While the results of parasite identification with sedimentation method in 18 nail samples of farmers, there are 11 positive hookworm larvae samples, i.e. Ancylostoma duodenale. The correlation test result showed a relationship between parasites in the soil and nails of Sumber Urip 1 farmers in Wonorejo village (significant as P < 0.01). The use of gloves and footwear (shoes) when working on agricultural land, wash hands with soap and brush nails so that dirt is lost, and consume worm medicine can prevent worms infection.

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