Bond Strength in 3D Printed Geopolymer Mortar

2018 ◽  
pp. 200-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Biranchi Panda ◽  
Nisar Ahamed Noor Mohamed ◽  
Yi Wei Daniel Tay ◽  
Ming Jen Tan
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
3D Printed

scholarly journals Effect of Polypropylene Fibre Addition on Properties of Geopolymers Made by 3D Printing for Digital Construction

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2352 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Nematollahi ◽  
Praful Vijay ◽  
Jay Sanjayan ◽  
Ali Nazari ◽  
Ming Xia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Interface Plane ◽  
Flexural Performance ◽  
Fresh State ◽  
Hardened State ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Shape Retention ◽  
Interlayer Bond

This paper investigates the effect of polypropylene (PP) fibres on the fresh and hardened properties of 3D-printed fibre-reinforced geopolymer mortars. Different percentages of PP fibres ranging between 0.25% and 1.00% by volume were added to an optimised geopolymer mixture. All samples showed reasonable workability and extrudability. In addition, shape-retention ability in the fresh state was investigated as a major requirement for 3D-printing. The compressive strength of the printed specimens was tested in the hardened state in three loading directions, viz. longitudinal, perpendicular, and lateral. The flexural strength of samples was also tested in the longitudinal and lateral directions. In addition, the interlayer bond strength was investigated. Fibre addition seems to influence compressive strengths positively only when the loading is perpendicular to the interface plane. This is due to the preferential fibre alignment parallel to the direction of extrusion. The addition of fibre significantly enhanced the flexural performance of the printed samples. The use of fibre dosages of 0.75 and 1.00 vol % caused deflection-hardening behaviour of the 3D-printed geopolymers and, hence, a significantly higher fracture energy in comparison to specimens without fibre or with lower fibre content. However, an increase in the fibre volume caused some minor reduction in interlayer bond strength. With respect to properties in the fresh state, higher fibre volumes caused better shape-retention ability in the printed samples. The results indicate the possibility of printing fibre-reinforced geopolymers which meet all the necessary properties in both the fresh and hardened states.

Interfacial Bond Strength of Various Rigid/Soft Multi-Materials Printed via Fused Filament Fabrication Process

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karun Kalia ◽  
Amir Ameli
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Crack Growth ◽  
Smart Materials ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Crack Growth Behavior ◽  
Interfacial Bond ◽  
Interfacial Bond Strength ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Unstable Crack ◽  
3D Printed

Abstract Layered multi-materials of dissimilar polymers and their nanocomposites offer new opportunities as smart materials and structures. A critical aspect of such structures is the quality of interlayer adhesion between dissimilar polymer matrices. This work reports the development of asymmetric double cantilever beam (ADCB) specimens of dissimilar polymers and its use in the analysis and understanding of their interlayer adhesion in 3D-printed rigid/soft interfaces. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), polycarbonate (PC), polylactic acid (PLA) were chosen as the rigid polymers and combined with thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) as the soft component. 3D-printed ADCB specimens were loaded under opening mode, until fracture, to obtain the load-displacement data and the fracture surfaces were analyzed using optical microscopy. ABS/TPU/ABS and PC/TPU/PC material combinations resulted in a more stable crack growth with a high peak load indicating a relatively good interfacial adhesion. The high nozzle temperatures of ABS and PC and their amorphous nature contributed to a good layer-to-layer fusion during 3D printing. However, PLA/TPU/PLA specimens exhibited an unstable crack growth behavior with a pure adhesive failure mode and a significantly lower peak load. This poor interfacial bond strength was correlated to the relatively low nozzle temperature of PLA and its semi-crystalline structure. The maximum loads in ABS/TPU/ABS and PC/TPU/PC specimens were found to be ∼2.5 times greater than that of PLA/TPU/PLA ones. The method provides a valuable tool in quantifying interlayer adhesion quality in printed dissimilar polymers and their functional nanocomposites.

scholarly journals Bonding Interface and Repairability of 3D-Printed Intraoral Splints: Shear Bond Strength to Current Polymers, with and without Ageing

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 3935
Author(s):  
Ebru Kuscu ◽  
Andrea Klink ◽  
Sebastian Spintzyk ◽  
Pablo Kraemer Fernandez ◽  
Fabian Huettig
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Gold Standard ◽  
Shear Bond Strength ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Digital Light Processing ◽  
Bonded Repair ◽  
Wet Storage ◽  
Repair Materials ◽  
3D Printed

This in-vitro study investigates the bonding interfaces reached by the conditioning of a splint material additively manufactured by digital light processing (AM base) as well as the shear bond strength (SBS) of resins bonded to these surfaces (repair material). Therefore, the AM base was either stored in dry for 12 h or wet environment for 14 days to simulate ageing by intraoral wear. The dry and wet group was bonded after physical and/or chemical conditioning to cylinders made from polymethylmethacrylate or four novel polymers allowing splint modifications. Blasted and methylmethacrylate (MMA)-conditioned Polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) bonded to PMMA acted as the gold standard. The surface profiles revealed highest differences of Ra towards the gold standard in AM base conditioned with other than MMA after sandblasting. The adhesively bonded repair materials of the wet AM base were further aged in wet environment for 14 days. The SBS of the gold standard (25.2 MPa and 25.6 MPa) was only reached by PMMA bonded to blasted and MMA-conditioned AM base after dry (22.7 MPa) and non-conditioned after wet storage (23 MPa). Four repair materials failed to reach the threshold of 5 MPa after dry storage and three after wet storage, respectively. Non-conditioned AM base revealed the highest risk for adhesive fractures when using other resins than PMMA.

Dielectric Barrier Discharge Applicator for Heating Carbon Nanotube-Loaded Interfaces and Enhancing 3D-Printed Bond Strength

Nano Letters ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 2310-2315 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. B. Sweeney ◽  
Matthew L. Burnette ◽  
Martin J. Pospisil ◽  
Smit A. Shah ◽  
Muhammad Anas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotube ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Dielectric Barrier Discharge ◽  
Barrier Discharge ◽  
Dielectric Barrier ◽  
3D Printed

Effect of Type of Fiber on Inter-Layer Bond and Flexural Strengths of Extrusion-Based 3D Printed Geopolymer

2018 ◽  
Vol 939 ◽  
pp. 155-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
Behzad Nematollahi ◽  
Ming Xia ◽  
Jay Sanjayan ◽  
Praful Vijay
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Bond Strength ◽  
Fused Deposition Modeling ◽  
Shear Failure ◽  
Cementitious Materials ◽  
Tensile Failure ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Fused Deposition ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
3D Printed

Extrusion-based 3D concrete printing is analogous to fused deposition modeling method, which extrudes cementitious materials from a nozzle to build a complex concrete structure layer-by-layer without the use of expensive formwork. This study aims to investigate the influence of type of fiber on inter-layer bond strength and flexural strength of extrusion-based 3D printed geopolymer. An extrudable fly ash-based geopolymer composition previously developed by the authors was reinforced by three types of fibers, namely polyvinyl alcohol (PVA), polypropylene (PP) and polyphenylene benzobisoxazole (PBO) fibers. Control geopolymer specimens with no fiber were also 3D printed for comparison purposes. The results indicated that the incorporation of fibers reduced the inter-layer bond strength of 3D printed geopolymer. This pattern was true regardless of the type of fiber. On the other hand, the flexural strength of 3D printed fiber-reinforced geopolymer mixtures was substantially higher than that of the 3D printed geopolymer with no fiber. The rate of increase in the flexural strength depended on the type of fiber. The flexural failures of the specimens were due to the tensile failure of the bottom layer, rather than the shear failure of the interfaces.

scholarly journals Effect of Structural Build-Up on Interlayer Bond Strength of 3D Printed Cement Mortars

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 236
Author(s):  
Tinghong Pan ◽  
Yaqing Jiang ◽  
Hui He ◽  
Yu Wang ◽  
Kangting Yin
Keyword(s):  
Bond Strength ◽  
Surface Moisture ◽  
Cement Mortars ◽  
Nano Clay ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Time Gap ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Interlayer Bond ◽  
Operational Time

Understanding the relationship between the intrinsic characteristics of materials (such as rheological properties and structural build-up) and printability and controlling intrinsic characteristics of materials through additives to achieve excellent printability is vital in digital concrete additive manufacturing. This paper aims at studying the effects of material’s structural build-up on the interlayer bond strength of 3DPC with different time gaps. Structural build-up can indirectly affect the interlayer bond strength by affecting the surface moisture of concrete. Based on the structural build-up of 3DPC, a new parameter, maximum operational time (MOT), is proposed, which can be considered as the limit of time gap to ensure high interlayer bond strength. Slump-retaining polycarboxylate superplasticizer (TS) slightly slows down the physical flocculation rate, but increases the maximum operational time of the cement paste. Nano clay significantly increases the sort-term structural build-up rate and has the function of internal curing and water retaining. Composite with nano-clay and TS can reduce the loss of surface moisture of 3D printed layers, prevent the formation of interface weak layer, and increase the interlayer bond strength between printed layers. This contribution can provide new insight into the design of 3D-printed ink with good extrudability, outstanding buildability, and excellent interlayer bond strength.

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