scholarly journals Knowledge Diplomacy as Facilitator of Transformation Towards Sustainability—The “New Diplomacy” and Consensual Knowledge

2020 ◽  
pp. 87-103
Author(s):  
Ariel Macaspac Hernandez
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Scientific Knowledge ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Consensus Building ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
State Authority

AbstractNegotiations over the best way to address climate change and sustainable development are heavily dependent on input from scientific and expert communities. While policy-makers seek to rationalize and thereby legitimate their decisions through evidence-based decisions frameworks, this unprecedented reliance on scientific knowledge has inadvertently led to a perceived erosion of state authority and a weakening of democracy. It has been strongly suggested that the use of scientific knowledge in policy-making is reducing the demand or need for concordant consensus-building, or distorting deliberation processes through the emergence of new forms of dependency.

Environmental Policies for Emergency Management and Public Safety

2019 ◽  
pp. 903-922
Author(s):  
Amidu Owolabi Ayeni
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Emergency Management ◽  
Community Participation ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Green Policy ◽  
Or Organization

Policy refers to the commitment of people or organization to the laws, regulations, and other green mechanisms concerning environmental issues. Community participation has become important in government, policy makers, and environmentalists over last few decades, and as a result, it is now an established principle as it is widely used not only in academic literature but in policy-making documents, international discussions, as well as in local debates when considering issues dealing with decision-making to achieve sustainable development. Implementation of green policy and community participation programs through representatives—organization, groups of individuals—enhances the benefits of polices and program and adds value to policy as well as making the policy's results and responses more effective and stronger.

scholarly journals Health system plan for implementation of Paris agreement on climate change (COP 21): a qualitative study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Arefeh Mousavi ◽  
Ali Ardalan ◽  
Amirhossein Takian ◽  
Abbas Ostadtaghizadeh ◽  
Kazem Naddafi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Climate Change ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Health System ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Paris Agreement ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation

Abstract Background Ensuring public health is crucial in any policy debate on climate change. Paris Agreement on climate change is a global contract, through which countries have committed themselves to a public health treaty. The agreement has laid the foundation for mitigation and adaptation. This study was conducted to provide an evidence-based framework for policy-making in the health system of Iran in order to reduce the adverse effects of climate change on public health and to increase the adaptation of the health system as a result. Methods This is a qualitative study. We first used Delphi method to extract the components of Paris Agreement on climate change that were related to the functions and policymaking of health system in Iran. Twenty-three experts in health and climate change were identified purposefully and through snowball sampling as participants in Delphi. Data collection instrument was a structured questionnaire. We used SPSS software version 25 for data analysis based on the descriptive indices including the mean, the percentage of consensus above 75%, and the Kendall coordination coefficient. Results Seventy-nine components classified within nine categories were extracted. The most important examples of the implementation of Paris Agreement on climate change in the health system of Iran were: participation in the formulation of strategies for mitigation and adaptation, identifying vulnerable groups, assessing vulnerability, increasing the capacity of health services delivery during extreme events, using early warning systems, using new technologies to increase the adaptation, evaluation of interventions, financial support, increasing the number of researches, increasing the knowledge and skills of staff, and finally public awareness. Conclusions Evidence-based policy-making is pivotal to develop effective programs to control the health effects of climate change. This research provided policy translation and customization of micro and macro provisions of Paris Agreement on climate change, in line with the political context of health system in Iran. Our finding will pave the ground, we envisage, for further steps towards capacity building and enhancement of resiliency of the health system, adaptation interventions, and evaluation, identification of barriers and facilitators for adaptation and decreasing the adverse health effects caused by the climate change, in Iran and perhaps beyond.

A Global and Intergenerational Storm

2019 ◽  
pp. 13-38
Author(s):  
Kristina Diprose ◽  
Gill Valentine ◽  
Robert M. Vanderbeck ◽  
Chen Liu ◽  
Katie Mcquaid
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Change ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Environmental Justice ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
International Policy ◽  
Original Contribution ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Human Sense

This chapter situates the INTERSECTION programme of research within wider international debates regarding the relationship between consumption and climate change. It explores how this relationship is addressed in arguments for environmental justice and sustainable development, and how it is reflected in international policy-making. This discussion highlights how climate change is typically cast as both an international and intergenerational injustice, or the convergence of a ‘global storm’ and an ‘intergenerational storm’. This chapter also situates the original contribution of the book within recent social science scholarship that explores how people live with a changing climate, advocating a ‘human sense’ of climate and social change, and outlines the main themes of the subsequent empirical chapters.

Exploring appropriate livelihood alternatives for sustainable rangeland management

2015 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hojatollah Khedri Gharibvand ◽  
Hossein Azadi ◽  
Frank Witlox
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Sustainable Livelihoods ◽  
Rangeland Management ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Rangeland Degradation ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
Migration Strategies ◽  
And Migration

Rangeland degradation and vulnerability of livelihoods are two major challenges facing pastoralists, rangeland managers and policy-makers in arid and semi-arid areas. There is a need to make holistic informed decisions in order to protect rangelands and sustain livelihoods. Through a comprehensive literature review on rangeland management policies and livelihood strategies of ‘rangeland users’, it is shown how such policies have affected sustainable rangeland management, how strategies to sustain livelihoods have been incomplete and how there has been a lack of a multi-disciplinary approach in acknowledging them. Accordingly, a set of appropriate livelihood alternatives is introduced and, thenceforth, a framework for their evaluation is developed. Supportive strategies for enhancing resilience are discussed as a research and policy-making gap. In this study, the keys to achieve sustainable livelihoods are acknowledged as ‘livelihoods’ resilience’, where livelihoods need to be supported by access to capital, means of coping with the contexts of vulnerability as well as by enhancing policies, institutions and processes. The paper proposes a set of ‘livestock-based livelihoods’ regarding ‘traditional pastoralism’ as well as ‘their mitigation and adaptation’. Moreover, their transformation to ‘commercial pastoralism’, ‘resource-based livelihoods’, ‘alternative livelihoods’ and ‘migration’ strategies is recognised to be employed by rangeland users as useful alternatives in different regions and under future changing conditions including climate change. These strategies embrace thinking on resilience and are supported by strategies that address social and ecological consequences of climate change consisting of mitigation, adaptation and transformation. It is argued that sustainable livelihoods and sustainable rangeland management will be achieved if they are supported by policies that build and facilitate a set of appropriate livelihood alternatives and keep them in a sustainable state rather than being limited to supporting ‘vulnerable livelihoods’. Finally, future directions for analysing and policy-making in selecting the best alternative to achieve sustainable livelihoods are indicated.

scholarly journals Deliberative Research for Deliberative Policy Making: Creating and Recreating Evidence in Transport Policy

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 459-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lesley Murray
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Transport Policy ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Visual Methods ◽  
Research Utilisation ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Policy Responses ◽  
Interpretative Research

Despite promotion of evidence-based policy responses, there remains a knowledge gap between policy-makers and academia particularly in transport policy making, which is steeped in positivist traditions. A number of social policy academics have conceptualised research utilisation in relation to particular elements of social policy, but less attention has been paid to the integration of deliberative and interpretative research into transport policy. This article explores this through a study of the journey to school that used mobile and visual methods in an in-depth exploration of this element of everyday life.

Sustainable Development Awareness and Policy Making in Malta

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 152-167
Author(s):  
Sheryl Green ◽  
Paul Pace
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Education For Sustainable Development ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Depth Interviews

Policymakers’ understanding of the holistic nature and implications of sustainable development (SD) determines a nation’s commitment to sustainability. The study involved in-depth interviews with 20 policymakers. The study identified underlying interconnections between policymakers’ perceptions, commitment and awareness of SD and whether they developed the necessary values and attitudes required to promote sustainability at both local and national levels. These findings provided reflections for the development of Education for Sustainable Development programmes targeting policy makers to expedite implementation of SD in Malta.

scholarly journals Fighting for King Coal’s Crown: Business Actors in the US Coal and Utility Industries

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Downie
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Environmental Politics ◽  
Energy Sector ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Address Climate Change ◽  
Obama Administration ◽  
Global Environmental Politics ◽  
Global Environmental ◽  
The Us

Over the last two decades, business actors have received growing attention in global environmental politics. In the context of climate change, scholars have demonstrated the capacity of business actors to directly shape outcomes at the national, international, and transnational levels. However, very little work has focused exclusively on business actors in the coal and utility industries. This is surprising, given that resistance from these industries could delay or even derail government attempts to address climate change. Accordingly, this article focuses directly on the preferences of business actors in the coal and utility industries. Drawing on interviews with executives across the US energy sector, it considers business preferences on two of the most important attempts by the Obama administration to limit emissions from coal: the Waxman-Markey bill and the Clean Power Plan. In doing so, it provides new insights about the preferences of these actors and the divisions within these industries that could be exploited by policy-makers and activists seeking to enact climate change regulations.

scholarly journals Why policy needs history (and historians)

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 369-381 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia Berridge
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Time History ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Direct Relevance ◽  
The Past ◽  
Evidence Based Policy ◽  
Fresh Starts ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractPolicy makers like the idea of new initiatives and fresh starts, unencumbered by, even actively overthrowing, what has been done in the past. At the same time, history can be pigeonholed as fusty and antiquarian, dealing with long past events of no relevance to the present. Academic historians are sometimes bound up in their own worlds. The debates central to academe may have little direct relevance to the immediate concerns of policy making. The paper argues that history, as the evidence-based discipline par excellence, is as relevant as other approaches to evidence-based policy making. Case studies can show us the nature of that relevance. How to achieve influence for history also needs discussion. The relationship is not straightforward and will vary according to time and place. History is an interpretative discipline, not just a collection of ‘facts’. The paper discusses how historians work and why it is important for policy makers to engage, not just with history, but with historians as well. Historians too need to think about the value of bringing their analysis into policy.

The Gender Dimension in Urban Air Quality

2019 ◽  
pp. 97-108
Author(s):  
Theodora Slini ◽  
Fotini-Niovi Pavlidou
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Global Warming ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
European Countries ◽  
Urban Air ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
And Control ◽  
Global And Local

In the frame of existing differences between genders regarding the access and control of resources, women and men have different vulnerability, capacities, and reactions to climate change and global warming issues and policies. Women are increasingly recognized as potentially critical actors of successful climate change policies. Thus, gender dimensions and perspectives need to be addressed by both global and local stakeholders and decision makers. The current chapter explores and highlights this gap. It identifies the current situation and indicates ways for authorities to integrate the gender dimension of climate change in the various stages of policy making. The focus is on European countries and Greece. The chapter stands as a starting point that introduces gender-sensitive aspects of climate change to decision makers and experts and promotes the development of efficient environmental and women-friendly technologies for sustainable development.

Indicators as a Tool for Strengthened Monitoring

2021 ◽  
pp. 108-122
Author(s):  
Emma Lantschner
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
The Political ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Political Dialogue ◽  
Outcome Indicators ◽  
State Institutions ◽  
Law And Policy ◽  
Process And Outcome

Chapter 3 is dedicated to a discussion of the concept of indicators, since the use of such an instrument is not uncontroversial. To address critics of the concept, the chapter analyses not only the purposes for which indicators can be used and their related advantages, but also discusses the limitations and pitfalls connected with their use. This chapter also introduces the division into structural, process, and outcome indicators that measure the progress of implementation in different phases of the life cycle of a norm. It further looks at the use that is made (or not made) of indicators in monitoring procedures carried out by the Commission in the pre-accession phase to show that, to date, the concept has been used rather inconsistently. On the basis of the foregoing, it develops criteria for the development of indicators in the area of equality and non-discrimination. The main purpose of these indicators is to support consistent monitoring of the transposition and implementation of the EU non-discrimination acquis. They can, however, also be used as a tool in the political dialogue between the European Commission, civil society actors, and state institutions, as well as by policy makers to analyse the situation in view of evidence-based law and policy making.

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