Ozone and UV Public Awareness Programs

1997 ◽  
pp. 251-258
Author(s):  
J. B. Kerr ◽  
C. T. McElroy ◽  
D. I. Wardle
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Awareness Programs

scholarly journals The Perceived Importance of Cybercrime Control among Police Officers: Implications for Combatting Industrial Espionage

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 4351
Author(s):  
Seung-Yeop Paek ◽  
Mahesh K. Nalla ◽  
Yong-Tae Chun ◽  
Julak Lee
Keyword(s):  
Police Officers ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Law Enforcement Officers ◽  
World Market ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
South Korean ◽  
Computer Proficiency ◽  
Industrial Espionage ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Korean Police Officers

The current research explored the predictors of how police officers perceived the importance of combatting cybercrime. This is an era in which industrial security is threatened by perpetrators who use advanced techniques to steal information online. Understanding how law enforcement officers view the control of cybercrimes, especially those that steal confidential business information, can inform industrial espionage prevention and help maintain a nation’s industrial competitiveness in the world market. We surveyed a convenience sample of South Korean police officers attending training at the Police Human Resources Development Institute (PHRDI) using a paper-and-pencil questionnaire. The results indicated that the officers’ perceptions of colleagues’ and organizational views on cybercrime control significantly impacted their attitudes. Additionally, officers’ perceptions of the seriousness of online theft (in this paper, we use the terms online theft and property cybercrime interchangeably) and their computer proficiency were also found to affect their views on the importance of combatting cybercrimes. We conclude by suggesting that the police take a proactive organizational approach to prevent and respond to online property crimes through education and public awareness programs, which could positively impact the prevention of industrial espionage.

scholarly journals Measurement and Calculation of SAR Due to 900 MHz Electromagnetic Waves

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Seif ◽  
Milad Omidi ◽  
Mohamad Reza Bayatiani ◽  
Mahdi Ghorbani
Keyword(s):  
Electric Field ◽  
Mobile Phones ◽  
Electromagnetic Waves ◽  
Specific Absorption Rate ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Public Concern ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
The Brain

Purpose: The widespread use of mobile phones and Base Transceiver Stations (BTSs) has generated public concern about exposure to Electromagnetic (EM) waves. In this study, the electric field intensity and Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) in the emergency, general hospitalization, radiology, and laboratory departments of four hospitals in Arak (Iran) are reported. Materials and Methods: Electric field strength in the 900 MHz frequency band was obtained using a TES 592 radiometer. Then, SAR induced in the brain, skin, fat and bone tissues were calculated based on equations and the obtained values were compared with the thresholds recommended by the International Commissions. Results: The obtained results showed that the electric field’s mean value was 1.334 V/m which is almost 2.7% of the threshold introduced by the International Commission on Non-Ionizing Radiation Protection (ICNIRP) and 2.6% of the threshold adopted by the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE). The highest SAR value was 1.6 W/kg for the skin, which is lower than the threshold values presented by ICNIRP (2 W/kg) and IEEE (1.6 W/kg). Conclusion: The findings of the present work show that for both quantities in Arak hospitals the SAR values are less than the thresholds announced by IEEE and ICNIRP committees. To deal with the concerns of the community that is generally caused by a lack of awareness, the executions of educational and public awareness programs are recommended.

scholarly journals Baseline Stroke Literacy of Young Children Based on “FAST 112 Heroes” Program

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kalliopi Tsakpounidou ◽  
Socrates Psomiadis ◽  
Tatiana Pourliaka ◽  
Maria Akritidou ◽  
Hariklia Proios
Keyword(s):  
Young Children ◽  
Medical Care ◽  
Educational Program ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Emergency Procedures ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Speech Time ◽  
Age Appropriate ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Stroke Knowledge

Background: Young children are often unaware of emergency health conditions, such as stroke, and could serve as important vehicles to save the lives of their grandparents, who are more likely to suffer a stroke. An important aspect for the evaluation of public awareness on stroke signs and related emergency procedures is to examine the level of baseline stroke knowledge children have and whether they understand when to seek medical care on time.Objective: To examine the level of stroke symptomatology knowledge in children as well as evaluate their preparedness in stroke response before their participation in the educational program “FAST (Face, Arms, Speech, Time) 112 Heroes.”Methods: For the purpose of this work, a questionnaire was developed and adapted to preschoolers' needs. The present study involved 123 children (65 boys, 58 girls, aged 4–6.5 years; mean age: 5.30, S.D.: 0.59) from two cities in Greece. Five multiple-choice animated pictures, that were age-appropriate, were administrated to each child, along with verbal explanations provided by the investigator.Results: More than half of the participants (n = 65, 52.8%) could recognize the symptom of face drooping, 53 children (43.1%) could identify the symptom of arm hemiparesis/hemiplegia and 92 children (74.8%) were able to answer the question regarding speech disturbances. However, the number of correct answers to the question regarding the appropriate course of action in case of a stroke was the lowest among all the questions (10.6% of participants gave a correct answer). Furthermore gender and age did not play a significant role (p = 0.571 and 0.635, respectively).Conclusion: Although more than half of the enrolled preschool children could recognize stroke symptoms before their participation in the educational program, their baseline stroke knowledge, prior to their training, is low. Concurrently, they do not have sufficient knowledge on how to react appropriately in the event of a stroke. Therefore, awareness programs focusing on developing stroke literacy to children are needed, to ensure children will seek urgent medical care in case of a stroke.

Application of Reliability Based Design and Assessment to Maintenance and Protection Decisions for Natural Gas Pipelines

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maher Nessim ◽  
Howard Yue ◽  
Joe Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Public Awareness ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Natural Gas Pipelines ◽  
Reliability Based Design ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Detailed Assessment ◽  
Pipeline Failure ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Practical Implications

This paper describes a detailed assessment that was carried out to investigate the practical implications of using the Reliability Based Design and Assessment (RBDA) methodology, as described in Annex O of CSA Z662, as a basis for evaluating existing pipelines and making decisions on maintenance planning and damage prevention strategies. Two key pipeline failure threats are addressed, namely corrosion and equipment impact. The assessment was based on a number of test cases covering a wide range of diameters, grades, pressures, location classes and corrosion severities. The reliability levels associated with these cases were calculated as a function of time and compared to the reliability targets. Cases that did not meet the targets were re-analyzed with increasingly enhanced maintenance measures until the targets were met. Maintenance actions considered included higher maintenance frequencies and more stringent repair criteria for corrosion, and enhancements to such parameters as right-of-way patrol frequency and condition, public awareness programs and dig notification response for equipment impact. The results demonstrate that the reliability targets can be met through the implementation of reasonable and practical maintenance measures for the cases considered. The impact of using RBDA on the expected failure rates is discussed. In addition, the diameter and class ranges of pipelines requiring enhanced maintenance over the current norm are identified.

SmartBall™: A New Approach in Pipeline Leak Detection

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Fletcher ◽  
Muthu Chandrasekaran
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Detection Threshold ◽  
Leak Detection ◽  
Acoustic Sensor ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Loss And Damage ◽  
Product Loss ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
Noise Signature

Early detection of leaks in hazardous materials pipelines is essential to reduce product loss and damage to the environment. Small undetected leaks can result in very high clean-up costs and have the potential to grow to more serious failures. There are a variety of methods that can detect leaks in pipelines, ranging from manual inspection to advanced satellite based imaging. Typically, most operators opt for a combination of CPM where available, and direct observation methodologies including aerial patrols, ground patrols and public awareness programs that are designed to encourage and facilitate the reporting of suspected leaks. Permanent monitoring sensors based on acoustic or other technologies are also available. These methods can be costly, and none can reliably detect small leaks regardless of their location in the line. SmartBall is a radical new approach that combines the sensitivity of acoustic leak detection with the 100% coverage capability of in-line inspection. The free-swimming device is spherical and smaller than the pipe bore allowing it to roll silently through the line and achieve the highest responsiveness to small leaks. It can be launched and retrieved using conventional pig traps, but its size and shape allow it to negotiate obstacles that could otherwise render a pipeline unpiggable. The SmartBall technology was originally developed and successfully implemented for the water industry, and now refined for oil and gas pipelines over 4-inches in diameter. SmartBall has been proven capable of detecting leaks in liquid lines of less than 0.1 gallons per minute where conventional CPM methods can detect leaks no smaller than 1% of throughput. Development work is continuing to reduce the detection threshold still further. Whereas traditional acoustic monitoring techniques have focused on longitudinal deployment and spacing of acoustic sensors, the SmartBall uses only a single acoustic sensor that is deployed inside the pipeline. Propelled by the flow of product in the pipeline, the device will record all noise events as it traverses the length of the pipeline. This allows the acoustic sensor to pass in very close proximity to any leak whereby the sensor can detect very small leaks, whose noise signature can be clearly distinguished from any background noise.

scholarly journals Seroprevalence of Hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors in Shia Muslims in a population of Lucknow

2013 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 146-149
Author(s):  
Sharique Ahmed ◽  
Himanshu Chaturvedi ◽  
Syed Riaz Mehdi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Hepatitis B Infection ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Medical College ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
First Time

Background: The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and trends in hepatitis B infection among blood donors Shia Muslims attending the blood bank in Era's Lucknow Medical College lucknow. A retrospective study was carried out by reviewing the results of HBsAg among blood donors for the years 2002 to 2012. During this period,11962 blood donors were studied. Conclusion: There is a constant need to improve public awareness programs to lower the incidence of hepatitis B infection in the general population and in Shia Muslims and consequently first time blood donors. Future studies are also required to determine the trends and outcomes of these programs. Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol. 12 No. 02 April’13 Page 146-149 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v12i2.14942

scholarly journals The Influence of Secondary Schoolteachers on Educational Sustainability in Mubi Nigeria.

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 11-14
Author(s):  
Faizah Mohammed Bashir ◽  
Aisha Haladu Bornoma ◽  
Hannatu Abdullahi Idris
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Cultural Economic ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Awareness Programs ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Extreme North ◽  
Educational Sustainability ◽  
North Eastern Part

The implementation of effective public awareness programs for environmental sustainability depends on certain symbolic steps that require the contribution and participation of each stakeholder. This aspect is generally believed to be to a larger extent based on the understanding of the cultural, economic, political and environmental realities of the domain under consideration. This article assesses the level of environmental sustainability awareness of some schools in Mubi, a locality in the extreme North-Eastern part of Nigeria with its unique cultures and attitudes towards the subject. The teacher and his students were targeted in the survey since this is one important institution upon which the future of societies is based. The survey conducted reveals the level of practice of environmental sustainability among this strong media of information dissemination (primary and secondary schools). Areas of concern in the result of the assessment were highlighted. Recommendations in areas of further improvements were suggested.

scholarly journals Awareness of hepatitis B and C among students of nonmedical universities in Karachi

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-159 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Rafiq ◽  
Saba Fatima ◽  
Beenish Masood ◽  
Rizwan Ahmed Khan ◽  
Fareeha Ahmed Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Sexual Contact ◽  
Blood Transfusions ◽  
University Campuses ◽  
Modes Of Transmission ◽  
Student Community ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Hcv Transmission ◽  
Awareness Programs

Abstract Background Pakistan is highly endemic with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and the incidence of HBV infection is rising steadily. The reasons may include poor public awareness about the transmission of HBV and HCV. Objectives To assess the awareness of HBV and HCV among students in nonmedical universities. Methods The study instrument was a structured 36 item questionnaire. After obtaining permission from the respective administrations, students were approached within their university campuses and were included by convenience sampling. The results were expressed as frequencies. Results Five hundred students from 5 different institutions participated in the survey, with 100 students representing each institute. Most students did not recognize the possible modes of infection of hepatitis B that include reuse of syringes (57.2%), blood transfusions (62.6%), and sexual contact (57.4%). However, most (67.8%) students correctly believe that there is a vaccination available for the prevention of HBV. Most students did not recognize the possible modes of infection of hepatitis C that include reuse of syringes (61.8%), use of intravenous drugs of addiction (71.4%), sexual contact (55.6%), and blood transfusions (55.2%) as possible modes of transmission. Most students (51.8%) incorrectly believed that there is a vaccination available for the prevention of HCV. Conclusions There is a prominent lack of awareness regarding the risk factors for HBV and HCV infection among the student community of nonmedical universities in Karachi, and an immediate need to conduct nationwide awareness programs to raise the awareness of HBV and HCV transmission in the Pakistani population exists.

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