Post-transcriptional Regulation by Proteins and Non-coding RNAs

2016 ◽  
pp. 153-171
Author(s):  
Amelia E. Aranega ◽  
Diego Franco
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

scholarly journals Role of N6-Methyladenosine RNA Modification in Cardiovascular Disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dandan Song ◽  
Jianhua Hou ◽  
Junduo Wu ◽  
Junnan Wang
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Rna Modification ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

Despite treatments being improved and many risk factors being identified, cardiovascular disease (CVD) is still a leading cause of mortality and disability worldwide. N6-methyladenosine (m6A) is the most common, abundant, and conserved internal modification in RNAs and plays an important role in the development of CVD. Many studies have shown that aabnormal m6A modifications of coding RNAs are involved in the development of CVD. In addition, non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) exert post-transcriptional regulation in many diseases including CVD. Although ncRNAs have also been found to be modified by m6A, the studies on m6A modifications of ncRNAs in CVD are currently lacking. In this review, we summarized the recent progress in understanding m6A modifications in the context of coding RNAs and ncRNAs, as well as their regulatory roles in CVD.

scholarly journals Modeling post-transcriptional regulation activity of small non-coding RNAs in Escherichia coli

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (Suppl 4) ◽  
pp. S6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui-Sheng Wang ◽  
Guangxu Jin ◽  
Xiang-Sun Zhang ◽  
Luonan Chen
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

scholarly journals Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Post-Transcriptional Regulation of Lung Diseases

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dharmendra Kumar Soni ◽  
Roopa Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Lung Diseases ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Obstructive Pulmonary Disease ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Specific Tissue ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

Non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs), notably microRNAs (miRNAs) and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), have recently gained increasing consideration because of their versatile role as key regulators of gene expression. They adopt diverse mechanisms to regulate transcription and translation, and thereby, the function of the protein, which is associated with several major biological processes. For example, proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, and metabolic pathways demand fine-tuning for the precise development of a specific tissue or organ. The deregulation of ncRNA expression is concomitant with multiple diseases, including lung diseases. This review highlights recent advances in the post-transcriptional regulation of miRNAs and lncRNAs in lung diseases such as asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Further, we also discuss the emerging role of ncRNAs as biomarkers as well as therapeutic targets for lung diseases. However, more investigations are required to explore miRNAs and lncRNAs interaction, and their function in the regulation of mRNA expression. Understanding these mechanisms might lead to early diagnosis and the development of novel therapeutics for lung diseases.

MicroRNAs: Beyond Post-transcriptional Regulation of mRNAs

MicroRNA ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cervantes-Ayala Andrea Viridiana ◽  
Velázquez-Flores Miguel Ángel ◽  
Ruiz Esparza-Garrido Ruth
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Mature Mirnas ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Biological Processes ◽  
Nuclear Level ◽  
Eukaryotic Genes ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Abstract: MicroRNAs (miRNAs), small non-coding RNAs, participate in the transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of eukaryotic genes, and are potential biomarkers for diseases. Mature miRNAs can be located in both the nucleus and cytoplasm, where they perform their regulatory function. The discovery of new miRNAs and the identification of their targets and functions are fundamental to understanding the biological processes regulated by them, as well as the role they play in diseases. This present study researched miRNAs function at nuclear level and as circulating molecules.

scholarly journals The Roles of Temperature-Related Post-Transcriptional Regulation in Cereal Floral Development

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2230
Author(s):  
Dominique Hirsz ◽  
Laura E. Dixon
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Molecular Level ◽  
Cereal Crops ◽  
Global Changes ◽  
Complex Signals ◽  
Temperature Signal ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Environmental Events ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

Temperature is a critical environmental signal in the regulation of plant growth and development. The temperature signal varies across a daily 24 h period, between seasons and stochastically depending on local environmental events. Extracting important information from these complex signals has led plants to evolve multiple temperature responsive regulatory mechanisms at the molecular level. In temperate cereals, we are starting to identify and understand these molecular mechanisms. In addition, we are developing an understanding of how this knowledge can be used to increase the robustness of crop yield in response to significant changes in local and global temperature patterns. To enable this, it is becoming apparent that gene regulation, regarding expression and post-transcriptional regulation, is crucial. Large transcriptomic studies are identifying global changes in spliced transcript variants and regulatory non-coding RNAs in response to seasonal and stress temperature signals in many of the cereal crops. Understanding the functions of these variants and targets of the non-coding RNAs will greatly increase how we enable the adaptation of crops. This review considers our current understanding and areas for future development.

scholarly journals Rough hypercuboid based supervised clustering of miRNAs

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 2068-2081 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sushmita Paul ◽  
Julio Vera
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Rna Silencing ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Supervised Clustering ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

The microRNAs are small, endogenous non-coding RNAs found in plants, animals, and some viruses, which function in RNA silencing and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression.

scholarly journals Post-Transcriptional Regulation through Long Non-Coding RNAs (lncRNAs)

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 29
Author(s):  
Giuseppina Pisignano ◽  
Michael Ladomery
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Eukaryotic Genome ◽  
Genomic Information ◽  
Central Dogma ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

The discovery of thousands of non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) pervasively transcribed from the eukaryotic genome has revolutionized the “central dogma” of biology and shifted the attention on the role of RNAs as regulatory molecules, more than simply traditional mediators of genomic information [...]

scholarly journals Genomic and Transcriptomic Analysis Identified Novel Putative Cassava lncRNAs Involved in Cold and Drought Stress

Genes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 366
Author(s):  
Rungaroon Suksamran ◽  
Treenut Saithong ◽  
Chinae Thammarongtham ◽  
Saowalak Kalapanulak
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Regulation Of Gene Expression ◽  
Gene Families ◽  
Cellular Processes ◽  
Nuclear Factor Y ◽  
Genome Wide ◽  
A Genome ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Genome Wide Study

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in the regulation of complex cellular processes, including transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation of gene expression relevant for development and stress response, among others. Compared to other important crops, there is limited knowledge of cassava lncRNAs and their roles in abiotic stress adaptation. In this study, we performed a genome-wide study of ncRNAs in cassava, integrating genomics- and transcriptomics-based approaches. In total, 56,840 putative ncRNAs were identified, and approximately half the number were verified using expression data or previously known ncRNAs. Among these were 2229 potential novel lncRNA transcripts with unmatched sequences, 250 of which were differentially expressed in cold or drought conditions, relative to controls. We showed that lncRNAs might be involved in post-transcriptional regulation of stress-induced transcription factors (TFs) such as zinc-finger, WRKY, and nuclear factor Y gene families. These findings deepened our knowledge of cassava lncRNAs and shed light on their stress-responsive roles.

scholarly journals Vault RNAs: hidden gems in RNA and protein regulation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Claus Hahne ◽  
Andrea Lampis ◽  
Nicola Valeri
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptional Regulation ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Cellular Mechanisms ◽  
Physiological Conditions ◽  
Ribonucleoprotein Complexes ◽  
Pathological Conditions ◽  
Heterogenous Group ◽  
Key Players ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Post Transcriptional Regulation

Abstract Non-coding RNAs are important regulators of differentiation during embryogenesis as well as key players in the fine-tuning of transcription and furthermore, they control the post-transcriptional regulation of mRNAs under physiological conditions. Deregulated expression of non-coding RNAs is often identified as one major contribution in a number of pathological conditions. Non-coding RNAs are a heterogenous group of RNAs and they represent the majority of nuclear transcripts in eukaryotes. An evolutionary highly conserved sub-group of non-coding RNAs is represented by vault RNAs, named since firstly discovered as component of the largest known ribonucleoprotein complexes called “vault”. Although they have been initially described 30 years ago, vault RNAs are largely unknown and their molecular role is still under investigation. In this review we will summarize the known functions of vault RNAs and their involvement in cellular mechanisms.

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