Behaviour of Air Pollutants under Inversion Weather Conditions

1988 ◽  
pp. 115-124 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Baumbach ◽  
K. Baumann ◽  
F. Dröscher
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Weather Conditions

scholarly journals Modeling study of the 2010 regional haze event in the North China Plain

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (16) ◽  
pp. 22781-22822 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Gao ◽  
G. R. Carmichael ◽  
Y. Wang ◽  
P. E. Saide ◽  
M. Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollutants ◽  
North China Plain ◽  
North China ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Air Pollution Control ◽  
Wind Speeds ◽  
The North ◽  
The North China Plain ◽  
Haze Event ◽  
Regional Haze

Abstract. The online coupled Weather Research and Forecasting-Chemistry (WRF-Chem) model was applied to simulate a haze event that happened in January 2010 in the North China Plain (NCP), and was validated against various types of measurements. The evaluations indicate that WRF-Chem provides reliable simulations for the 2010 haze event in the NCP. This haze event is mainly caused by high emissions of air pollutants in the NCP and stable weather conditions in winter. Secondary inorganic aerosols also played an important role and cloud chemistry had important contributions. Air pollutants outside Beijing contributed about 47.8 % to the PM2.5 levels in Beijing during this haze event, and most of them are from south Hebei, Shandong and Henan provinces. In addition, aerosol feedback has important impacts on surface temperature, Relative Humidity (RH) and wind speeds, and these meteorological variables affect aerosol distribution and formation in turn. In Shijiazhuang, Planetary Boundary Layer (PBL) decreased about 300 m and PM2.5 increased more than 20 μg m-3 due to aerosol feedback. Feedbacks associated to Black Carbon (BC) account for about 50 % of the PM2.5 increases and 50 % of the PBL decreases in Shijiazhuang, indicating more attention should be paid to BC from both air pollution control and climate change perspectives.

scholarly journals Effects of Atmospheric Pollutants on Children Asthma Outbreaks

2009 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Zion Garty ◽  
Evsey Kosman ◽  
Eliezer Ganor ◽  
Niv Alon ◽  
Neta Kibilis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Correlation ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Viral Infections ◽  
Airborne Pollen ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Atmospheric Pollutants ◽  
Asthmatic Children ◽  
School Year ◽  
Weather Parameters

The effects of air pollutants, weather conditions, airborne pollen and spores on the incidence of emergency room (ER) visits of children for acute asthma attacks were investigated. One-year retrospective study was done. Data on daily concentrations of air pollutants, airborne allergens and weather conditions were collected and compared with the ER visits of 2431 asthmatic children (age 1-18 years) in the Schneider Medical Center, near Tel Aviv. ER visits of asthmatic children showed a negative correlation with the measured O3 concentrations and with extreme ambient temperatures. A positive correlation was found with high barometric pressure with NO2 and SO2 concentrations. An exceptionally high incidence of ER visits of asthmatic children was observed during September, coinciding with the beginning of the school year. When September was excluded from the annual calculations the correlation between ER visits and environmental factors increased. 49% of the variance of ER visits were explained by O3 alone, 46% by NO2 alone, 54% by O3+NO2, and 31% by weather parameters. 58% of the variation was explained by the combination of air pollutants and weather parameters. Airborne particulates did not show any meaningful correlation with ER visits. The major factors associated with severe asthma attacks were high NO2 and SO2. The negative correlation with O3 implies that at certain concentrations, O3 may have a beneficial effect. The particularly high number of ER visits at the beginning of the school year was presumably associated with an increase in viral infections combined with emotional stresses.

scholarly journals Temporal variation of <sup>129</sup>I and <sup>127</sup>I in aerosols from Xi'an, China: influence of East Asian monsoon and heavy haze events

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luyuan Zhang ◽  
Xiaolin Hou ◽  
Sheng Xu ◽  
Tian Feng ◽  
Peng Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Northwest China ◽  
Urban Atmosphere

Abstract. Aerosol iodine isotopes are pivotal links in atmospheric circulation of iodine in both atmospheric and nuclear sciences, while their sources, temporal change and transport are still not well understood. This work presents the day-resolution temporal variation of iodine-129 (129I) and iodine-127 (127I) in aerosols from Xi'an, northwest China during 2017/2018. Both iodine isotopes have significant fluctuations with time, showing highest levels in winter, approximately two to three times higher than in other seasons, but the correlation between 129I and 127I reflects they have different sources. Aerosol 127I is found to be noticeably positively correlated with air quality index and five air pollutants. Enhanced fossil fuel combustion and inverse weather conditions can explain the increased concentrations and peaks of 127I in winter. The change of 129I confirms that source and level of 129I in the monsoonal region were alternatively dominated by the 129I-enriched East Asian winter monsoon and 129I-poor East Asian summer monsoon. The mean 129I/127I of (101 ± 124) × 10−10 provides an atmospheric background level for the purpose of nuclear environmental safety monitoring. This study suggests that locally discharged stable 127I and externally input 129I are likely involved into fine particles formation in urban air, shedding insights into long-range transport of air pollutants and iodine's role in particulate formation in urban atmosphere.

Modeling of Southeast Asia biomass burning pollutants to Taiwan during EMeRGe campaigns in Asia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan-yao Lin ◽  
Wan-chin Chen ◽  
Yang-fan sheng ◽  
Win-Mei Chen ◽  
Yi-Yun Chien
Keyword(s):  
East Asia ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Biomass Burning ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Lower Troposphere ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Transport And Transformation ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Vertical Profiling

&lt;p&gt;In springtime happens to be the biomass burning season in Indochina. Under favor weather conditions, the products of biomass burning pollutants could be transported easily to Taiwan and even East Asia. Actually, the complex interactions of these air pollutants and aerosols features in the boundary layer and aloft have resulted in complex characteristics of air pollutants and aerosols distributions in the lower troposphere. The project &amp;#8220;Effect of Megacities on the transport and transformation of pollutants on the Regional and Global scales (EMeRGe)&amp;#8221; aims to improve our knowledge and prediction of the transport and transformation patterns of European and Asian megacities pollutant outflows. During the EMeRGe campaign in Asia, the composition of the plumes of pollution entering and leaving Asia measured by the new High Altitude and LOng Range (HALO) aircraft research platform. The HALO aircraft performing optimized transects and vertical profiling in Asia during 12 March and 7 April in 2018. To identify the transportation of biomass burning products, a high resolution (9 km) numerical study by Weather Research Forecast coupled with chemistry model (WRF-Chem) was performed during the campaigns. The long-range transport of biomass burning organic aerosol to Taiwan measured by HALO could be more than 2 ug/m3 at the elevation of 2500 m on 20 March, 2018. Model performances and results will discuss in this meeting. Overall, this series of studies significantly fill the gap of our understanding on air pollutants transformation and transport to Taiwan and East Asia, and show the potential directions of future studies.&lt;/p&gt;

scholarly journals COVID-19 and the Improvement of the Global Air Quality: The Bright Side of a Pandemic

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 1279
Author(s):  
Hamideh Habibi ◽  
Ripendra Awal ◽  
Ali Fares ◽  
Masoud Ghahremannejad
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Nitrogen Monoxide ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Quality Data ◽  
Global Response ◽  
The Past ◽  
Air Quality Improvement ◽  
Bright Side ◽  
Air Quality Data

The objective of this investigation is to study the impacts of the global response to COVID-19 on air pollution and air quality changes in major cities across the globe over the past few months. Air quality data (NO2, CO, PM2.5, and O3) were downloaded from the World Air Quality Index project for the January 2019–April 2020 period. Results show a significant reduction in the levels of 2020 NO2, CO, and PM2.5 compared to their levels in 2019. These reductions were as high as 63% (Wuhan, China), 61% (Lima, Peru), and 61% (Berlin, Germany), in NO2, CO, and PM2.5 levels, respectively. In contrast, 2020 O3 levels increased substantially, as high as 86% (Milan, Italy), in an apparent response to the decrease in titration by nitrogen monoxide and its derivatives. Significant differences in the weather conditions across the globe do not seem to impact this air quality improvement trend. Will this trend in the reduction in most air pollutants to unprecedented levels continue in the next few weeks or even months? The response to this and other questions will depend on the future global economic and environmental policies.

scholarly journals Research on the Temporal and Spatial Characteristics of Air Pollutants in Sichuan Basin

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1504
Author(s):  
Chunsheng Fang ◽  
Xiaodong Tan ◽  
Yue Zhong ◽  
Ju Wang
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Sichuan Basin ◽  
Fine Particulate Matter ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
The Government ◽  
Pm2.5 And Pm10

Sichuan Basin is one of the most densely populated areas in China and the world. Human activities have great impact on the air quality. In order to understand the characteristics of overall air pollutants in Sichuan Basin in recent years, we analyzed the concentrations of six air pollutants monitored in 22 cities during the period from January 2015 to December 2020. During the study period, the annual average concentrations of CO, NO2, SO2, PM2.5 and PM10 all showed a clear downward trend, while the ozone concentration was slowly increasing. The spatial patterns of CO and SO2 were similar. High-concentration areas were mainly located in the western plateau of Sichuan Basin, while the concentrations of NO2 and particulate matter were more prominent in the urban agglomerations inside the basin. During the study period, changes of the monthly average concentrations for pollutants (except for O3) conformed to the U-shaped pattern, with the highest in winter and the lowest in summer. In the southern cities of the basin, secondary sources had a higher contribution to the generation of fine particulate matter, while in large cities inside the basin, such as Chengdu and Chongqing, air pollution had a strong correlation with automobile exhaust emissions. The heavy pollution incidents observed in the winter of 2017 were mainly caused by the surrounding plateau terrain with typical stagnant weather conditions. This finding was also supported by the backward trajectory analysis, which showed that the air masses arrived in Chengdu were mainly from the western plateau area of the basin. The results of this study will provide a basis for the government to take measures to improve the air quality in Sichuan Basin.

scholarly journals Temporal variation in <sup>129</sup>I and <sup>127</sup>I in aerosols from Xi'an, China: influence of East Asian monsoon and heavy haze events

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 2623-2635 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luyuan Zhang ◽  
Xiaolin Hou ◽  
Sheng Xu ◽  
Tian Feng ◽  
Peng Cheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Variation ◽  
Air Pollutants ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
East Asian Monsoon ◽  
Asian Summer Monsoon ◽  
East Asian ◽  
Background Level ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Urban Atmosphere ◽  
North West

Abstract. Aerosol iodine isotopes are pivotal links in atmospheric circulation of iodine in both atmospheric and nuclear sciences, while their sources, temporal change and transport mechanism are still not well understood. This work presents the day-resolution temporal variation in iodine-129 (129I) and iodine-127 (127I) concentrations in aerosols from Xi'an, north-west China, during 2017/18. Both iodine isotopes have significant fluctuations with time, showing the highest levels in winter, approximately 2–3 times higher than in other seasons, but the correlation between 129I and 127I concentrations reflects that they have different sources. Aerosol 127I concentrations are found to be noticeably positively correlated with air quality index and five air pollutants. Enhanced fossil fuel combustion and inverse weather conditions can explain the increased concentrations and peaks of 127I in winter. The change in 129I concentrations confirms that the source and level of 129I in the monsoonal region were alternatively dominated by the 129I-enriched East Asian winter monsoon and the 129I-poor East Asian summer monsoon. The mean 129I∕127I number ratio of (92.7±124)×10-10 provides an atmospheric background level for the purpose of nuclear environmental safety monitoring. This study suggests that locally discharged stable127I and externally input 129I are likely involved in fine particles formation in urban air, which provides insights into the long-range transport of air pollutants and iodine's role in particulate formation in urban atmosphere.

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