Seed Priming and Seedling Pre-treatment Induced Tolerance to Drought and Salt Stress: Recent Advances

The presence of mycotoxins in foodstuffs and feedstuffs is a serious concern for human health. The detection of mycotoxins is therefore necessary as a preventive action to avoid the harmful contamination of foodstuffs and animal feed. In comparison with the considerable expense of treating contaminated foodstuffs, early detection is a cost-effective way to ensure food safety. The high affinity of bio-recognition molecules to mycotoxins has led to the development of affinity columns for sample pre-treatment and the development of biosensors for the quantitative analysis of mycotoxins. Aptamers are a very attractive class of biological receptors that are currently in great demand for the development of new biosensors. In this review, the improvement in the materials and methodology, and the working principles and performance of both conventional and recently developed methods are discussed. The key features and applications of the fundamental recognition elements, such as antibodies and aptamers are addressed. Recent advances in aptasensors that are based on different electrochemical (EC) transducers are reviewed in detail, especially from the perspective of the diagnostic mechanism; in addition, a brief introduction of some commercially available mycotoxin detection kits is provided.

Download Full-text

GhWRKY46 from Upland Cotton positively Regulates the Drought and Salt stress Responses in Plant

Environmental and Experimental Botany ◽

10.1016/j.envexpbot.2021.104438 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 104438

Author(s):

Yu Li ◽

Hao Chen ◽

Shengting Li ◽

Cuiling Yang ◽

Qunying Ding ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Stress Responses ◽

Upland Cotton ◽

Drought And Salt Stress

Download Full-text

Evaluation of Indigenous Olive Biocontrol Rhizobacteria as Protectants against Drought and Salt Stress

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9061209 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 1209

Author(s):

Nuria Montes-Osuna ◽

Carmen Gómez-Lama Cabanás ◽

Antonio Valverde-Corredor ◽

Garikoitz Legarda ◽

Pilar Prieto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Abiotic Stresses ◽

Biochemical Parameters ◽

Biocontrol Agent ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Experimental Conditions ◽

Acds Gene ◽

Drought And Salt Stress ◽

Physiological And Biochemical

Stress caused by drought and salinity may compromise growth and productivity of olive (Olea europaea L.) tree crops. Several studies have reported the use of beneficial rhizobacteria to alleviate symptoms produced by these stresses, which is attributed in some cases to the activity of 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase (ACD). A collection of beneficial olive rhizobacteria was in vitro screened for ACD activity. Pseudomonas sp. PICF6 displayed this phenotype and sequencing of its genome confirmed the presence of an acdS gene. In contrast, the well-known root endophyte and biocontrol agent Pseudomonas simiae PICF7 was defective in ACD activity, even though the presence of an ACD-coding gene was earlier predicted in its genome. In this study, an unidentified deaminase was confirmed instead. Greenhouse experiments with olive ‘Picual’ plants inoculated either with PICF6 or PICF7, or co-inoculated with both strains, and subjected to drought or salt stress were carried out. Several physiological and biochemical parameters increased in stressed plants (i.e., stomatal conductance and flavonoids content), regardless of whether or not they were previously bacterized. Results showed that neither PICF6 (ACD positive) nor PICF7 (ACD negative) lessened the negative effects caused by the abiotic stresses tested, at least under our experimental conditions.

Download Full-text

Expression Analyses of Soybean VOZ Transcription Factors and the Role of GmVOZ1G in Drought and Salt Stress Tolerance

International Journal of Molecular Sciences ◽

10.3390/ijms21062177 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 2177 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bo Li ◽

Jia-Cheng Zheng ◽

Ting-Ting Wang ◽

Dong-Hong Min ◽

Wen-Liang Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Transcription Factor ◽

Transcription Factors ◽

Salt Stress ◽

Abiotic Stress ◽

Stress Tolerance ◽

Zinc Finger ◽

Hairy Roots ◽

Yeast Cells ◽

Salt Stress Tolerance ◽

Drought And Salt Stress

Vascular plant one-zinc-finger (VOZ) transcription factor, a plant specific one-zinc-finger-type transcriptional activator, is involved in regulating numerous biological processes such as floral induction and development, defense against pathogens, and response to multiple types of abiotic stress. Six VOZ transcription factor-encoding genes (GmVOZs) have been reported to exist in the soybean (Glycine max) genome. In spite of this, little information is currently available regarding GmVOZs. In this study, GmVOZs were cloned and characterized. GmVOZ genes encode proteins possessing transcriptional activation activity in yeast cells. GmVOZ1E, GmVOZ2B, and GmVOZ2D gene products were widely dispersed in the cytosol, while GmVOZ1G was primarily located in the nucleus. GmVOZs displayed a differential expression profile under dehydration, salt, and salicylic acid (SA) stress conditions. Among them, GmVOZ1G showed a significantly induced expression in response to all stress treatments. Overexpression of GmVOZ1G in soybean hairy roots resulted in a greater tolerance to drought and salt stress. In contrast, RNA interference (RNAi) soybean hairy roots suppressing GmVOZ1G were more sensitive to both of these stresses. Under drought treatment, soybean composite plants with an overexpression of hairy roots had higher relative water content (RWC). In response to drought and salt stress, lower malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and higher peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were observed in soybean composite seedlings with an overexpression of hairy roots. The opposite results for each physiological parameter were obtained in RNAi lines. In conclusion, GmVOZ1G positively regulates drought and salt stress tolerance in soybean hairy roots. Our results will be valuable for the functional characterization of soybean VOZ transcription factors under abiotic stress.

Download Full-text

Application of Hyperspectral Imaging in the Assessment of Drought and Salt Stress in Magneto-Primed Triticale Seeds

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants10050835 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (5) ◽

pp. 835

Author(s):

Jose Alvarez ◽

Elvira Martinez ◽

Belén Diezma

Keyword(s):

Salt Stress ◽

Hyperspectral Imaging ◽

Human Observer ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Stress Symptoms ◽

Data Variability ◽

Drought And Salt Stress ◽

The One ◽

Almost All ◽

Germination Parameters

Hyperspectral imaging is an appropriate method to thoroughly investigate the microscopic structure of internally heterogeneous agro-food products. By using hyperspectral technology, identifying stress symptoms associated with salinity, before a human observer, is possible, and has obvious benefits. The objective of this paper was to prove the suitability of this technique for the analysis of Triticale seeds subjected to both magneto-priming and drought and salt stress conditions, in terms of image differences obtained among treatments. It is known that, on the one hand, drought and salt stress treatments have negative effects on seeds of almost all species, and on the other hand, magneto-priming enhances seed germination parameters. Thus, this study aimed to relate hyperspectral imaging values—neither positive nor negative in themselves—to the effects mentioned above. Two main conclusions were reached: Firstly, the hyperspectral application is a feasible method for exploring the Triticale structure and for making distinctions under different drought and salt stress treatments, in line with the data variability obtained. Secondly, the lower spectral reflectance in some treatments—in the 400–1000 nm segment—is the result of a great number of chemical compounds in the seed that could be related to magneto-priming.

Download Full-text