Impact of Palm Oil Methyl Ester Drops on a Surface

2020 ◽  
pp. 13-19
Author(s):  
Vikas Kumar ◽  
Ramesh Kumar Singh ◽  
Deepak Kumar Mandal
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Palm Oil

Perbandingan Karakteristik Surfaktan Metil Ester Sulfonat dan Sodium Lauril Sulfonat sebagai Bahan Emulsifier

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
Eldha Sampepana ◽  
Paluphy Eka Yustini ◽  
Aditya Rinaldi ◽  
Amiroh Amiroh
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Surface Tension ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Interfacial Tension ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Emulsion Stability ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Enzymatic Method

Surfactant which is used as raw emulsifier in an industry activity such as Sodium Lauryl Sulfonate is a raw material import, it is petroleum derivative which is not renewable and may cause pollution to the environment, because it is not degraded and are carcinogenic. The purpose of the research is to compare the characteristics of the Quaternary methyl ester sulfonat (MES) and Sodium Lauryl Sulfonat (SLS) as emulsifier. First, make the MES by filtering and eliminating fatty acids of palm oil, then process the MES with enzymatic method become methyl ester, then react it in sulfonation and metanolization process, and also neutralized with NaOH. Next, the MES experiment is compared with SLS and existing MES in the market. The results show that surfactants MES experiment has value hidrofil lipofil balance (HLB) interfacial tension and emulsion stability greater than MES in the market and SLS. And the surface tension of MES experiment is larger than MES in the market, but smaller compared to SLS.ABSTRAKSurfaktan yang digunakan sebagai bahan baku emulsifer dalam aktivitas suatu industri pada saat ini seperti Sodium Lauril Sulfonat  merupakan bahan baku import yang merupakan turunan dari minyak bumi, dengan sifat tidak dapat diperbaharui dan dapat menimbulkan pencemaran terhadap lingkungan karena tidak mudah terdegradasi serta bersifat karsinogenik. Metil ester sulfonat dari bahan minyak sawit merupakan surfaktan dengan sifat mudah terdegradasi yang perlu diketahui karakteristiknya. Penelitian bertujuan untuk membandingkan karakteristik surfaktan metil ester sulfonat (MES) dan Sodium Lauril Sulfonat (SLS) sebagai bahan emulsifier. Mula-mula dilakukan pembuatan MES dengan cara menyaring dan menghilangkan asam lemak minyak sawit terlebih dahulu, kemudian diolah menjadi metil ester secara enzimatis, lalu direaksikan secara sulfonasi dan metanolisis, serta dinetralkan dengan NaOH. Selanjutnya MES hasil percobaan dibandingkan dengan SLS dan MES yang ada dipasaran. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa surfaktan MES memiliki nilai hidrofil lipofil balance (HLB) tegangan antar muka dan stabilitas emulsi lebih besar apabila dibandingkan dengan MES di pasaran dan SLS, kecuali nilai stabilitas emulsi antara MES dan SLS sama. Dan tegangan permukaan MES hasil percobaan, lebih besar dibandingkan dengan MES dipasaran, dan lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan SLS. Kata kunci :   Metil  ester sulfonat, hidrofil lipofil balance, emulsifier, sodium lauril sulfonat , stabilitas emulsi 

Immobilized lipase-catalyzed transesterification for synthesis of biolubricant from palm oil methyl ester and trimethylolpropane

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Sulihatimarsyila Abd Wafti ◽  
Robiah Yunus ◽  
Harrison Lik Nang Lau ◽  
Thomas Choong Shean Yaw ◽  
Suraini Abdul Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Immobilized Lipase

scholarly journals Synthesis of Eco-Friendly Detergent Based on Crude Palm Oil and Titania Nanoparticles

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (10) ◽  
pp. 2394-2396
Author(s):  
P.P. Wulandari ◽  
M.T. Adiwibowo ◽  
A.S. Redjeki ◽  
M. Ibadurrohman ◽  
Slamet
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Titania Nanoparticles ◽  
Crude Palm Oil ◽  
Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectroscopy ◽  
Tension Analysis

In this work, we report the synthesis of eco-friendly detergent from crude palm oil and titania. Crude palm oil was converted into methyl ester sulfonate through esterification, transesterification and followed by sulfonation process. As-produced methyl ester sulfonate was characterized with Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LCMS) and surface tension analysis. Detergents were synthesized by dispersing titania nanoparticles into methyl ester sulfonate solution, forming a nanofluid. Stability and detergency of the nanofluidic detergents were then evaluated. The results showed that the nanofluid detergents were stable in the presence of 0.1 wt % titania and the photocatalytic activity of titania nanoparticles improved the ability of nanofluidic detergents to remove dirt as well as degrading the surfactant residues in the laundry waste stream.

scholarly journals Modification of a Direct Injection Diesel Engine in Improving the Ignitability and Emissions of Diesel–Ethanol–Palm Oil Methyl Ester Blends

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (14) ◽  
pp. 2644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norhidayah Mat Taib ◽  
Mohd Radzi Abu Mansor ◽  
Wan Mohd Faizal Wan Mahmood
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Compression Ratio ◽  
Direct Injection ◽  
Cetane Number ◽  
Engine Performance ◽  
Injection Timing ◽  
Injection Strategies

Blending diesel with biofuels, such as ethanol and palm oil methyl ester (PME), enhances the fuel properties and produces improved engine performance and low emissions. However, the presence of ethanol, which has a small cetane number and low heating value, reduces the fuel ignitability. This work aimed to study the effect of injection strategies, compression ratio (CR), and air intake temperature (Ti) modification on blend ignitability, combustion characteristics, and emissions. Moreover, the best composition of diesel–ethanol–PME blends and engine modification was selected. A simulation was also conducted using Converge CFD software based on a single-cylinder direct injection compression ignition Yanmar TF90 engine parameter. Diesel–ethanol–PME blends that consist of 10% ethanol with 40% PME (D50E10B40), D50E25B25, and D50E40B10 were selected and conducted on different injection strategies, compression ratios, and intake temperatures. The results show that shortening the injection duration and increasing the injected mass has no significant effect on ignition. Meanwhile, advancing the injection timing improves the ignitability but with weak ignition energy. Therefore, increasing the compression ratio and ambient temperature helps ignite the non-combustible blends due to the high temperature and pressure. This modification allowed the mixture to ignite with a minimum CR of 20 and Ti of 350 K. Thus, blending high ethanol contents in a diesel engine can be applied by advancing the injection, increasing the CR, and increasing the ambient temperature. From the emission comparison, the most suitable mixtures that can be operated in the engine without modification is D50E25B25, and the most appropriate modification on the engine is by increasing the ambient temperature at 350 K.

Corrosion Behaviour of Aluminium Alloy in Palm Oil Methyl Ester (B100)

2012 ◽  
Vol 58 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
W. B. Wan Nik ◽  
S. Syahrullail ◽  
R. Rosliza ◽  
M. M. Rahman ◽  
M. F. R. Zulkifli
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Corrosion Rate ◽  
Aluminium Alloy ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Corrosion Behaviour ◽  
Corrosion Current ◽  
Electrochemical Test ◽  
Weight Loss Method ◽  
Loss Method

The aim of this study is to determine the corrosion effect of palm oil methyl ester (POME) on aluminium alloy 5083 (AA5083). The static immersion test was carried out at 60°C for 68 days according to ASTM G–31–72. The corrosion analysis was done by using weight loss method and electrochemical test. The result from weight loss method shows the decreasing in weight loss of AA5083 which signifies the ability of POME to reduce corrosion rate. The electrochemical test shows the decreasing in polarization resistance,Rp, while the corrosion current densities, Icorr, increase. The corrosion rate reduces from 2.250mpy to 0.1946mpy. The low concentration of fatty acid C18:2 and high anti oxidant element contributes to the reduction of corrosion rate of AA5083 in POME.

Determination of physiochemical properties of palm oil methyl ester catalyzed by waste cockle shells

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Fitriah Nasir ◽  
Noradila Abdul Latif ◽  
Sharifah Adzila Syed Abu Bakar ◽  
Mohd Nasrull Abdul Rahman ◽  
Siti Norhidayah Selamat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Physiochemical Properties

Experimental Study on Performance of a Single-Cylinder Engine Fuelled With Diesel and Vegetable Oil-Diesel Blends

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amarlo Banania ◽  
Edwin N. Quiros ◽  
Jose Gabriel E. Mercado
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Vegetable Oil ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Diesel Fuel ◽  
Power Output ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Single Cylinder

Abstract Continuous demand for energy in order to provide to an ever-increasing global population calls for use of or integration of other alternative sources of fuel other than fossil fuels. Many countries all over the world use vegetable oils blended with neat diesel as alternative and using these biofuels can help alleviate lessen the emissions releases on the environment as well as the country’s dependency on fossil fuels. In the Philippines Coconut Methyl Ester (CME) is the primary vegetable oil used, however in this study we used four other vegetable oils which are RCO (Refined Corn Oil), RPO (Refine Palm Oil), JFO (Jahtropa Filtered Oil) and JME (Jathropa Methyl Ester) in order to investigate the possibility of their use in diesel engines. A 6.3 kW single-cylinder, four stroke cycle, direct injection engine was used for the study. This kind of engine is typically used in the Philippines for different purposes such as backup power for households, for boats, pumps and for agriculture use. The specific fuel consumption of the biodiesel blends compared to neat diesel fuel ranged from −15% to 15% with RCO and JME having higher SFC and JFO and RPO having lower SFC. Fuel conversion efficiency of the varied from −12% to 12% with JFO and RPO having higher efficiency and RCO and JME having lower efficiency. The power of the varied from −7% to 6% with RPO having lower power output, JFO having higher power output and JME and RCO having similar power output to neat diesel fuel. At full load condasition Neat Diesel Fuel blended with 15% Refined Palm Oil showed the greatest improvement in SFC while Neat Diesel Fuel blended with 10% Jathropa Filtered Oil showed the best power output.

scholarly journals The Performance and Exhaust Emissions of a Diesel Engine Fuelled with Calophyllum inophyllum—Palm Biodiesel

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 597 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damanik ◽  
Ong ◽  
Mofijur ◽  
Tong ◽  
Silitonga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Alternative Fuels ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Calophyllum Inophyllum ◽  
Harmful Emission ◽  
High Heating Value

Nowadays, increased interest among the scientific community to explore the Calophyllum inophyllum as alternative fuels for diesel engines is observed. This research is about using mixed Calophyllum inophyllum-palm oil biodiesel production and evaluation that biodiesel in a diesel engine. The Calophyllum inophyllum–palm oil methyl ester (CPME) is processed using the following procedure: (1) the crude Calophyllum inophyllum and palm oils are mixed at the same ratio of 50:50 volume %, (2) degumming, (3) acid-catalysed esterification, (4) purification, and (5) alkaline-catalysed transesterification. The results are indeed encouraging which satisfy the international standards, CPME shows the high heating value (37.9 MJ/kg) but lower kinematic viscosity (4.50 mm2/s) due to change the fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) composition compared to Calophyllum inophyllum methyl ester (CIME). The average results show that the blended fuels have higher Brake Specific Fuel Consumption (BSFC) and NOx emissions, lower Brake Thermal Efficiency (BTE), along with CO and HC emissions than diesel fuel over the entire range of speeds. Among the blends, CPME5 offered better performance compared to other fuels. It can be recommended that the CPME blend has great potential as an alternative fuel because of its excellent characteristics, better performance, and less harmful emission than CIME blends.

scholarly journals SIMULTANEOUS METHYL ESTER PRODUCTION AND CAROTENE RECOVERY FROM CRUDE PALM OIL USING MEMBRANE REACTOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Gusti Bagus Ngurah Makertihartha ◽  
Khoiruddin Khoiruddin ◽  
Eryk Bone Pratama Nabu ◽  
Putu Teta Prihartini Aryanti ◽  
I Gede Wenten
Keyword(s):  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Membrane Reactor ◽  
Membrane Separation ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Dry Process ◽  
Reaction Conversion ◽  
Biodiesel Quality ◽  
Separation Performances ◽  
Treatment Step

Fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) or biodiesel¸ which is considered as an alternative renewable fuel is usually produced via transesterification reaction of triglyceride from vegetable oil. Generally, there are two major challenges in the production of biodiesel i.e., reversible reaction of transesterification and immiscibility between oil and alcohol. Membrane reactor (MR), which combines reaction and separation, is an alternative process to overcome those challenges. The aim of the integrated reaction-separation process is to shift the equilibrium reaction, and to achieve a higher reaction conversion. The methyl ester that is produced may be separated to meet the biodiesel quality standards. FAME purification using membrane can be conducted without water washing (dry process), and this is interesting as the associated wastewater treatment step is eliminated. Another attractive feature of MR in esterification process is carotenoid recovery which is beneficial to improve the efficiency of the process. Several studies have indicated the efficacy of carotenoids recovery from methyl ester mixture. This paper reviews the use of MR for palm oil esterification. Membrane separation performances in methyl ester purification are also discussed. In addition, the potential of carotene recovery during esterification process is highlighted. 

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