Clinical studies of blood lipid metabolism I. normal blood lipid variations of phospholipids, neutral fats, total lipids, and lipid fraction percentages

Abstract Background The health benefits of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA), such as cardioprotective, anti-inflammatory and hypo-triglyceridemic properties, have been well documented. However, current dietary modification can easily lead to excessive concentrations of n-6 PUFA and an imbalance in the n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio, resulting in the pathogenesis of obesity and related diseases. This study investigated the effects of various dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios on the growth performance, blood lipid and cytokine profiles, tissue fatty acid composition, and gene expression involved in lipid metabolism in finishing pigs. Seventy-two crossbred [(Duroc × Landrace) × Yorkshire] finishing pigs (68.5 ± 1·8 kg) were fed one of four isoenergetic diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 2:1, 3:1, 5:1 and 8:1. Results Pigs fed diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 3:1 and 5:1 had a higher average daily gain (ADG) and average daily feed intake (ADFI) (P < 0.05) and a lower feed conversion ratio (FCR) (P < 0.05). The concentrations of triglyceride (TG) and total cholesterol (TC) of pigs fed diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 1:1 to 5:1 decreased (P < 0·05), whereas the ratio of concentrations of high-density to low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C:LDL-C) in pigs fed a diet with an n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 2:1 increased (P < 0·05) compared with those fed a diet with an n-6:n-3 PUFA ratio of 8:1. Pigs fed a diet with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 2:1 and 3:1 had lower concentrations of leptin (LEP) and interleukin 6 (IL-6) (P < 0·05), and higher concentrations of adiponectin (APN) (P < 0·05) than those fed diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 5:1 and 8:1. Diets with n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios of 2:1 and 3:1 markedly down-regulated the expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ) and lipoprotein lipase (LPL) in both the longissimus dorsi muscle (LM) and subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT), but up-regulated the expression level of adipocyte fatty acid binding protein (aP2) in the LM. The expression levels of aP2 and hormone- sensitive lipase were similar to those of PPARγ in the SCAT. Conclusions This study demonstrated that dietary n-6:n-3 PUFA ratios between 3:1 and 5:1 beneficially affected growth performance, optimize blood lipid and adipocytokine levels, enhanced absorption and deposition of n-3 PUFA and regulated lipid metabolism-related genes.

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PERBANDINGAN NILAI AGREGASI TROMBOSIT PADA PASIEN DIABETES MELITUS TIPE 2 DENGAN DISLIPIDEMIA DAN NORMOLIPIDEMIA DI RSUP PROF. DR. R. D. KANDOU MANADO

Jurnal e-Biomedik ◽

10.35790/ebm.2.1.2014.4189 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ivan Ch. Sulamanda

Keyword(s):

Platelet Aggregation ◽

Analytical Study ◽

Platelet Reactivity ◽

Hypothesis Test ◽

Lipid Level ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Normal Blood ◽

Blood Lipid Level ◽

Diabetes Melitus

Abstract: Insulin resistance that occurs in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), stimulates lipolysis in adipose tissue resulting in increasing of free fatty acid and dyslipidemia. Dyslipidemia is associated with platelet reactivity and thrombogenic potency. Examination of platelet aggregation aims to detect abnormalities of platelet function. This study aimed to obtain the comparison of platelet aggregation values in T2DM patients with dyslipidemia and with normal blood lipid level. This was an observational analytical study, using comparative hypothesis test. This study were conducted on 30 T2DM patients, in which 15 of them have dyslipidemia and the other 15 has normal lipid level. These patients were registered as outpatients of Endocrine and Metabolic Clinic of Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Hospital, Manado. Blood samples of patients were processed in Prokita Laboratory, Manado. Platelet aggregation was tested by using 1 set agregometer Chrono - Log model 490, Chrono - Log recorder model 707, and Computer Windows based PC. The T test showed that there were significant differences of the platelet aggregation values with ADP 10 µm agonist between T2DM patients with dyslipidemia and with normal blood lipid level (P = 0.019). Mann-Whitney test showed that there were significant differences of the platelet aggregation values with ADP 5 µm agonist between T2DM patients with dyslipidemia and with normal blood lipid level (P = 0.006). Most patients in this study were elderly (86.7%), with an equal number of men and women. Conclusion: There were significant differences of the platelet aggregation values between T2DM patients with dyslipidemia and with normal blood lipid level, whether using ADP 10 µm agonist or ADP 5 µm agonist. Keywords: platelet aggregation, T2DM, dyslipidemiaAbstrak: Pada pasien diabetes melitus tipe 2 (DMT2), resistensi insulin merangsang lipolisis di jaringan adiposa yang meningkatkan asam lemak bebas sehingga terjadi dislipidemia. Dislipidemia sering dikaitkan dengan peningkatan aktivitas platelet dan potensi trombogenik. Pemeriksaan agregasi trombosit bertujuan untuk mendeteksi abnormalitas fungsi trombosit. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat perbandingan nilai agregasi trombosit pada pasien DMT2 dengan dislipidemia dan normolipidemia. Penelitian ini bersifat observasional analitik dengan menggunakan metode uji hipotesis komparatif. Subjek penelitian berjumlah 30 orang, terdiri dari 15 pasien DMT2 dengan dislipidemia dan 15 pasien DMT2 dengan normolipidemia yang berobat ke Poliklinik Endokrin Metabolik RSUP Prof. Dr. R. D. Kandou Manado. Pemeriksaan sampel darah pasien dilakukan di Laboratorium Prokita Manado. Pemeriksaan agregasi trombosit menggunakan 1 set agregometer Chrono - Log model 490, Chrono - Log recorder model 707, Computer Windows based PC. Karakteristik terbanyak pada pasien DMT2 terdapat pada usia tua (86,7%) dengan jenis kelamin laki - laki dan perempuan sama banyak (50%). Hasil uji T menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara nilai agregasi trombosit menggunakan agonis ADP 10 µm pada pasien DMT2 dengan dislipidemia dan normolipidemia (P = 0,019). Uji Mann-Whitney juga menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara nilai agregasi trombosit dengan agonis ADP 5 µm pada pasien DMT2 dengan dislipidemia dan normolipidemia (P = 0,006). Simpulan: Terdapat perbedaan bermakna antara nilai agregasi trombosit pada pasien DMT2 dengan dislipidemia dan normolipidemia baik menggunakan agonis ADP 10 µm maupun ADP 5 µm. Kata kunci: agregasi trombosit, DMT2, dislipidemia

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The Effects of Body Composition, Blood Lipid & Lipid Metabolism on Bicycle Exercise of Various Intensities in Obesity Middle Aged Women

Journal of Industrial Convergence ◽

10.22678/jic.2021.19.1.137 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 19 (1) ◽

pp. 137-146

Author(s):

Dae-Sung Kim ◽

◽

Jung-Hoon An ◽

Kyung-Tae Eo

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Middle Aged ◽

Bicycle Exercise

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Studies of Blood Lipid Fractions of Quiescent Rheumatic Fever Patients and Their Siblings

Clinical Chemistry ◽

10.1093/clinchem/5.6.557 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 5 (6) ◽

pp. 557-565 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Harold D Appleton ◽

Alvin F Coburn ◽

Yale L Meltzer

Keyword(s):

Rheumatic Fever ◽

Normal Level ◽

Plasma Levels ◽

Blood Lipids ◽

Lipid Fraction ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Low Level ◽

Lipid Fractions ◽

The Difference

Abstract Three phospholipid fractions have been determined in plasmas of quiescent rheumatic children and their siblings of similar ages. The method for determining blood lecithin gave reproducible results, and the lipid fraction appeared indicative of difference in levels of blood lipids between rheumatic and nonrheumatic children. In this series of lecithin determinations only one rheumatic subject had a high normal level and only one sibling (presumably nonrheumatic) had a low level. The difference in mean nonfasting lecithin plasma levels between rheumatic subjects and siblings was 0.36 mMol./L. Similarly, the lecithin level of each of the nonrheumatic siblings in this series averaged 0.41 mMol./L. higher than that of the corresponding quiescent rheumatic child. In both of these differences P <0.05.

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Genetic Variants in Lipid Metabolism Pathways Interact with Diet to Influence Blood Lipid Concentrations in Adults with Overweight and Obesity

Lifestyle Genomics ◽

10.1159/000507021 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (6) ◽

pp. 155-163

Author(s):

Bridget A. Hannon ◽

Caitlyn G. Edwards ◽

Sharon V. Thompson ◽

Sarah K. Burke ◽

Nicholas A. Burd ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Dietary Intake ◽

Dietary Fat ◽

Genetic Variants ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Cardiometabolic Health ◽

Fat Intake ◽

Dietary Fat Intake ◽

Increased Risk

Introduction: The effect of various types of dietary fat on cardiometabolic health continues to be debated, due in part to the high heterogeneity of results following clinical trials investigating the effects of saturated (SFA) and unsaturated fat intake. This variability may be due to genetic differences. Individuals with obesity are at an increased risk for adverse cardiometabolic health and dyslipidemia, and often present with the combined phenotype of elevated triglyceride (TG) and decreased high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol concentrations. Studying genetic variants relevant to lipid and lipoprotein metabolism can elucidate the mechanisms by which diet might interact with genotype to influence these phenotypes. The objective of this study was to determine relationships of genetic variation, dietary fat intake, and blood lipid concentrations in adults with overweight and obesity. Methods: Genomic DNA, blood lipid concentrations (HDL and TG), and 7-day diet records were obtained from 101 adults (25–45 years of age) with overweight or obesity. Resting energy expenditure (REE) was measured using indirect calorimetry and used to determine implausible intakes using a modified Goldberg method (kilocalories/REE). Genetic variants included 23 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) from 15 genes in lipid metabolism pathways. Variants were analyzed with dietary fat intake (total fat, SFA, monounsaturated fat [MUFA], and polyunsaturated fat [PUFA]) via regression analyses. All models were adjusted for age, sex, ancestry, visceral adipose tissue mass, and total kilocalorie intake. The Bonferroni correction was applied for multiple comparisons. Results: Two interactions were detected for TG concentrations. Five gene-diet interactions were associated with HDL concentrations. There was a significant interaction detected between the rs5882 variant of cholesterol-esterase transfer protein (CETP) and MUFA intake to associate with TG concentrations (interaction p = 0.004, R2 = 0.306). Among carriers of the CETP-rs5882 major allele (G), TG concentrations were significantly lower in individuals consuming more than the median MUFA intake (31 g/day) than in those with an intake below the median. Total dietary fat intake interacted with the rs13702 polymorphism of lipoprotein lipase (LPL) to associate with HDL concentrations (interaction p = 0.041, R2 = 0.419), by which individuals with the risk allele (G) had significantly higher HDL concentrations when consuming a higher-fat diet (>92 g/day) than those with a lower-fat diet (56 ± 3 vs. 46 ± 2 mg/dL, p = 0.033). Conclusions: Interactions between dietary intake and genes in lipid metabolism pathways were found to be associated with blood lipid concentrations in adults with overweight and obesity. Fatty acid intake may not modulate blood lipid concentrations uniformly across all individuals. Additional research is needed to determine the biological causes of individual variability in response to dietary intake. Understanding the influence of nutrigenetic interactions on dyslipidemia can aid in the development and implementation of personalized dietary strategies to improve health.

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Influence of SNPs in nutrient-sensitive candidate genes and gene–diet interactions on blood lipids: the DiOGenes study

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114512006058 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 110 (5) ◽

pp. 790-796 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Lena K. Brahe ◽

Lars Ängquist ◽

Lesli H. Larsen ◽

Karani S. Vimaleswaran ◽

Jörg Hager ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lipid Metabolism ◽

Candidate Genes ◽

Dietary Protein ◽

Multiple Testing ◽

Dietary Intervention ◽

Weight Maintenance ◽

Hdl Cholesterol ◽

Blood Lipid ◽

Glycaemic Index ◽

Lipid Response

Blood lipid response to a given dietary intervention could be determined by the effect of diet, gene variants or gene–diet interactions. The objective of the present study was to investigate whether variants in presumed nutrient-sensitive genes involved in lipid metabolism modified lipid profile after weight loss and in response to a given diet, among overweight European adults participating in the Diet Obesity and Genes study. By multiple linear regressions, 240 SNPs in twenty-four candidate genes were investigated for SNP main and SNP–diet interaction effects on total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol and TAG after an 8-week low-energy diet (only main effect), and a 6-monthad libitumweight maintenance diet, with different contents of dietary protein or glycaemic index. After adjusting for multiple testing, a SNP–dietary protein interaction effect on TAG was identified for lipin 1 (LPIN1) rs4315495, with a decrease in TAG of − 0·26 mmol/l per A-allele/protein unit (95 % CI − 0·38, − 0·14,P= 0·000043). In conclusion, we investigated SNP–diet interactions for blood lipid profiles for 240 SNPs in twenty-four candidate genes, selected for their involvement in lipid metabolism pathways, and identified one significant interaction betweenLPIN1rs4315495 and dietary protein for TAG concentration.

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