scholarly journals Let’s Join: A Pavilion Inspired by the Weaire and Phelan Space Tessellation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziano Mario Valenti ◽  
Chadi El Khoury
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Shape Design ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Cubic Curves ◽  
Design Methodologies ◽  
Procedural Models ◽  
Historical Practices

AbstractThe pavilion presented in this paper is an articulation of space based on the Weaire and Phelan tessellation. In this pavilion a second generative pattern is partially engraved and cut out of the polygonal surfaces that bind the polyhedron. This pattern is made up of cubic curves that aim to spatially engage with the tessellation. The design and prototyping process was implemented and controlled using parametric and procedural models. The use of these models made it possible to define the shape, orientation, and size of each element of the pavilion: from the polyhedron and the pattern’s curves, to smaller components like the shape of the panels’ joints, holes, and the countersinks that hold the screws. This research illustrates the geometric, formal, and procedural design that was used to shape the pavilion in its current spatial configuration, to draw the pattern cut and engraved into the polyhedron’s surface, and finally, to determine the shape and scale of the joints that hold the faces of the polyhedron together and characterize the internal space. Regarding the topic of Patterns and Spatial Organization, the paper investigates shape design methodologies, which are based on historical practices but updated using new technologies.

scholarly journals Liver Zonation – Revisiting Old Questions With New Technologies

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rory P. Cunningham ◽  
Natalie Porat-Shliom
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Single Cell Analysis ◽  
Normal Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Liver Zonation ◽  
Hepatocyte Heterogeneity ◽  
Glucose And Lipid Homeostasis ◽  
Technological Limitations

Despite the ever-increasing prevalence of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), the etiology and pathogenesis remain poorly understood. This is due, in part, to the liver’s complex physiology and architecture. The liver maintains glucose and lipid homeostasis by coordinating numerous metabolic processes with great efficiency. This is made possible by the spatial compartmentalization of metabolic pathways a phenomenon known as liver zonation. Despite the importance of zonation to normal liver function, it is unresolved if and how perturbations to liver zonation can drive hepatic pathophysiology and NAFLD development. While hepatocyte heterogeneity has been identified over a century ago, its examination had been severely hindered due to technological limitations. Recent advances in single cell analysis and imaging technologies now permit further characterization of cells across the liver lobule. This review summarizes the advances in examining liver zonation and elucidating its regulatory role in liver physiology and pathology. Understanding the spatial organization of metabolism is vital to further our knowledge of liver disease and to provide targeted therapeutic avenues.

Quantitative polymorphism of tandem repeats as a method of epigenetic regulation of the of human cells response to oxidative stress

2020 ◽  
pp. 68-70
Author(s):  
Н.Н. Вейко ◽  
Е.С. Ершова ◽  
М.С. Конькова ◽  
Е.М. Малиновская ◽  
С.В. Костюк
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Response ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Tandem Repeats ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Human Cells ◽  
Central Regions ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Response To Stress ◽  
Cell Genome ◽  
And Function

Пространственная организация хроматина важна для нормального функционирования клетки. На архитектуру ядра влияют размеры отдельных фрагментов генома, которые коррелируют с числом копий этих фрагментов. Перемещение локусов 1q12 от поверхности ядра в центральные области является ключевой стадией адаптивного ответа клетки на стресс. Мы предположили, что размер локусов 1q12, который коррелирует с содержанием повтора f-SatIII, может влиять на перемещение этих участков хроматина в ядре. Методом FISH на выделенных лимфоцитах показали, что в контроле локусы 1q12 расположены вблизи поверхности ядра, в ядрах лимфоцитов больных шизофренией (БШ) и облученных контрольных клеток локусы 1q12 расположены в центральных районах ядра. Длительное культивирование облученных лимфоцитов сопровождалось гибелью клеток, и снижением содержания f-SatIII в ДНК. Очевидно, что погибали клетки с большим размером 1q12 (много f-SatIII), обогащая популяцию клетками с низким содержанием f-SatIII. В клетках БШ и в облученных клетках мы обнаружили повышение уровня РНК SATIII. Размеры гетерохроматина 1q12 в клетках человека могут влиять на процессы пролиферации и ответа клетки на стресс. Количественный полиморфизм тандемных повторов генома - один из эпигенетических механизмов регуляции ответа клеток на окислительный стресс. The spatial organization of chromatin is important for the normal functioning of the cell. Genome repeat cluster sizes can affect the chromatin spatial configuration and function. The 1q12 heterochromatin loci movement from the periphery to the center of the nucleus is the cells’ universal response to various types of stress. We hypothesized that a large 1q12 domain could affect chromatin movement, thereby inhibiting adaptive response (AR). Using the FISH method, we shown that in the control, 1q12 loci are located near the surface of the nucleus; in the lymphocyte nuclei of schizophrenic patients and irradiated control cells, 1q12 loci are located in the central regions of the nucleus. During prolonged cultivation, the irradiated cells with a large Large f-SatIII amount die and the population is enriched with the cells with low f-SatIII content. In intact SZ patients’ lymphocytes and in irradiated cells we found an increase in SATIII RNA levels. The size of heterochromatin 1q12 loci in human cells can affect to the proliferation and cells’ adaptive response to stress. Quantitative polymorphism of tandem genome repeats is one of the epigenetic mechanisms of genome expression’s regulation.

Analysis of Growing Plants in Double Glass Curtain Walls

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 4484-4487
Author(s):  
Xiang Dong Xiao ◽  
Li Dong ◽  
Qi Xiang Zhang ◽  
Xiao Dong Liu
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Thermal Environment ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Internal Space ◽  
Curtain Wall ◽  
Outdoor Thermal Environment ◽  
Condensed Water ◽  
Glass Curtain Wall ◽  
Micro Irrigation ◽  
Simulated Calculation

Technology of reclaiming condensed water from the thermal channel of double-pane glass curtain wall and applying the reclaimed water in micro-irrigation of natural plants was explored. Selection of plant species for the internal space of double glass curtain wall was studied to meet the ecological technological requirements of double glass curtain wall. Progressive experiment of new technology and simulated calculation of indexes were applied to obtain solar radiation consumption and finally improve indoor and outdoor thermal environment. The results showed that new technologies of applying plants in double glass curtain walls help realize ecological utilization of double glass curtain walls, further reduce energy consumption of buildings.

Investigation of spatial configuration management on social distancing of recreational clubhouse for COVID-19 in Penang, Malaysia

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur Adibah Binti Abdul Nasir ◽  
Ahmad Sanusi Hassan ◽  
Fatemeh Khozaei ◽  
Muhammad Hafeez Bin Abdul Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Spatial Arrangement ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Social Distancing ◽  
The Impact

PurposeSince the appearance of COVID-19 social distancing and staying home have been recommended repeatedly by the governments for disease prevention. As the challenge continues to remain the current study seeks to examine the factors affecting social distancing through space planning and management. More specifically the current study aims to examine the appropriateness of the spatial organization and space configuration of a clubhouse with a linear plan layout in the mitigation of the spread of infections due to serious pandemic COVID-19.Design/methodology/approachFor an enhanced understanding of the impact of spatial arrangements of public spaces plan on the effective implementation of social distancing this study has used the space syntax analysis method. The MPSP clubhouse building in Penang, Malaysia was selected as the case study. The level of permeability and wayfinding were determined in the building plan and were illustrated using photoshop software to depict the interrelation between the indoor spaces and building circulation. Graphs of the depth of space were used to analyze the level of permeability and wayfinding to illustrate the possibility of social distancing in the plan.FindingsThe result of the study shows the significant role of proper plan layout design on social distancing. While clear and direct wayfinding can positively be associated with more effective social distancing, the inefficient design of user access, inappropriate locations of multiple entry and exit and indefinite directions of users' inside buildings can impose slight limitations. The average level of permeability might suggest ineffective spatial arrangement, ignoring the needs of spatial segregation. The study further found that the linear plan layouts with proper zoning and effective management strategies can be considered a proper layout to facilitate social distancing and the spread of COVID-19.Originality/valueThe current study is unique in terms of examination of the spatial configuration of linear public spaces plan layout for possible temporary adaptability to curb disease spread during the unexpected advent of a pandemic. Based on researchers' best of knowledge it is the first time that the impact of recreational space design on social distancing has been examined. The study also originally sheds light on the fact that the commonly used guideline for the social distancing of 1–2 m between 2 persons, in reality, is practically inadequate given the nature of the sports activities.

Identifying spatio-temporal hotspots of human activity that are popular non-work destinations

2020 ◽  
pp. 239980832097020
Author(s):  
Roberto Ponce Lopez ◽  
Joseph Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Built Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Population Data ◽  
Work Activity ◽  
Human Presence ◽  
Temporal And Spatial ◽  
Definition Of

The improved temporal and spatial granularity of data now available from current information technologies offers an opportunity to study previously unexplored dimensions of the relationship between built environment and social outcomes. Within the field of urban studies, an old question worth revisiting with these new technologies is how to best trace the spatial boundaries that circumscribe a place or location to explore non-work activity. In this study, we explore a data-driven definition of places as units of analysis that can be used to explore non-work activity in Singapore. Such a definition of place characterizes an urban space in terms of its concentration of activity and the topology of the built environment–features that are especially important to urban planners. We utilize available smartphone data to develop a systematic framework to identify locations with a concentrated human presence. Using a cylinder moving over a grid representing Singapore, we scan aggregated smartphones locational requests (by time and cell), identifying areas with atypical high concentrations at a given time. Our tool identified 93 places with a concentrated human presence. Direct observation of six of these places at the selected times in conjunction with additional transportation and population data indicated that the topology of commercial establishments provided a strong approximation of non-work activity at a given time and place. Having established the relevance of commercial establishments in approximating non-work activity, then points-of-interest data within the 93 derived places are used to propose a typology of commercial patches, based on their spatial configuration. Nine metrics of the geometry and topology of patches of establishments, such as compacity and their dependence on proximity to shopping malls, were developed. These combined variables revealed more temporal and spatial variety within locations than had previously been recognized. The most popular places for non-work activity were densely configured with various commercial sub-spaces or patches appealing to different lifestyles and income groups. This study suggests that a location/place can be best defined as a highly detailed, multi-faceted, and always evolving area of activity rather than as a fixed location with temporal and unmovable boundaries. Suggesting a dynamic redefinition of location/place that builds on other recent work, this work offers potential contributions to locational models for non-work activity.

Organizing Locally, Competing Globally: The Kibbutz Factory as Home and Work

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-75
Author(s):  
A Lichtenstein
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Spatial Structure ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Social Structures ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
The Social ◽  
Organization Of Production

In this paper I examine one aspect of the organization of industrial production in the kibbutz that could advance our understanding of equitable economic development in local communities: the spatial unification of home and work within the kibbutz. This feature highlights the positive role of the spatial organization of production in preserving the social structure of the kibbutz. Specifically, the distinct spatial structure of the kibbutz facilitates the articulation of the kibbutz's ideological values and thereby provides an appropriate framework to contain the advancement both of the social and of the technical divisions of labor. I contend that the social and economic attributes of the kibbutz are embedded in a spatial configuration that unites work and home. The factory is part of the kibbutz home. In other words, there is both a spatial and a social unification of home and work. An understanding of the performance of kibbutz industry, and its commitment to the community, cannot be appreciated without recognizing the contributions both of the spatial and of the social structures.

Transition in Spaces of Power: An analysis on public buildings in Ankara, Turkey.

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ezgi Orhan Nalbantoglu
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
City Planning ◽  
Political Power ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
National Sovereignty ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Early Republican

Ankara, the capital of Turkey, experienced a fundamental spatial structuring process after the proclamation of the Republic. The vision of modernity and protective economic structure of the Early Republican era determined the spatial configuration of the city and produced public buildings as the icons of the young regime. City planning and architecture had been used as the instruments of the new regime in making itself visible, concrete, and symbolized. The buildings and urban plans transmitting the foundation ideals of Republic together with modernity have contributed to the creation of national sovereignty and a modern society. After the span of eighty years, the new politic-economic climate of Turkey redesigned the urban regime of Ankara and its symbols. One of the most concrete transformations is observed in the public offices which convey the political and economic intents of each period through their spatial and architectural organizations, and symbolic meanings. This study examines the change in the urban symbols with an emphasis on public offices; their spatial organization, their archistar buildings, and their messages conveyed to public with respect to the change in political and economic systems. This article concludes that public offices and their relations with urban space and public are considered as the icons in representing the dominant political power in both the early republican period and post-2000s; the former period benefited them as the visual representations of national sovereignty while the latter used them as the landmarks of the authoritarian and neoliberal political power over the nation.

scholarly journals Educational toolkit based on design methodologies to promote scientific knowledge transfer in secondary schools: A graphene-centered case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Blanca Guasch ◽  
Marta González ◽  
Sergi Cortiñas
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Schools ◽  
Classroom Climate ◽  
Creative Thinking ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Scientific Content ◽  
Scientific Rigor ◽  
Design Methodologies ◽  
Scientific Knowledge Transfer ◽  
Scientific Advances

Nanoscience and nanotechnology are two key areas in the development of new technologies. However, scientific advances in these fields are still far removed from the contents taught in schools. But what if basic concepts within these areas were introduced in secondary schools? We believe science is an essential facet of culture and the most recent scientific advances should be within everyone’s reach. With this in mind, we have developed and tested an educational toolkit to transfer complex scientific concepts in classrooms. The toolkit is based on design and creative thinking methodologies, and graphene is used as an example of a subject that is challenging to communicate within the area of nanoscience. This paper highlights the development of the toolkit and it being tested out in a secondary school by 93 students between the ages of 11 and 13. The testing was carried out through the creation of a workshop called “Graphene in the Classroom.” We determined five evaluation categories: Acquiring Knowledge, Satisfaction, Challenges, Teamwork, and Facilitator’s Role. The results show that integrating scientific content and design methodologies is a complex yet profitable strategy. The toolkit demonstrated to allow the translation of a complex language into friendlier, more approachable, and easier language. The classroom climate was positive and the presence of a facilitator enhanced motivation, empathy, scientific rigor, and adequate adaptation of contents.

scholarly journals Richness and Composition of Oasis Bird Communities: Spatial Issues and Species–Area Relationships

The Auk ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 119 (2) ◽  
pp. 533-539
Author(s):  
Slaheddine Selmi ◽  
Thierry Boulinier ◽  
Robert Barbault
Keyword(s):  
Species Richness ◽  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Spatial Location ◽  
Oceanic Islands ◽  
Local Communities ◽  
Bird Communities ◽  
Spatial Covariance ◽  
Species Area ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract We used data on breeding bird communities of the oases of southern Tunisia to investigate variation in species richness and composition among local communities in relation to spatial configuration of the oasis system and to assess significance of the relationship between oasis size and local richness. Oases could be grouped into three regional systems, namely littoral, saharan, and mountainous oases. We found that at the scale of the entire oasis system, species richness and species composition exhibited significant spatial autocorrelation. That result was consistent with our prediction that the particular spatial organization of oases may have led to regional differences in availability of potential colonizers and that higher species exchange within oasis zones than among oasis zones may have played an important role in shaping local communities. With regard to the species–area relationship, we thus found that a model accounting for spatial covariance was more parsimonious than a standard regression model not incorporating information on the spatial location of oases. Overall, oasis size was a good predictor of species richness, but results were sensitive to spatial scale at which the relationship was examined. Aside from oceanic islands and forest patches, oases may constitute interesting systems to study how regional processes affect local diversity.

scholarly journals Decentralization Reform in Ukraine: Assessment of the Chosen Transformation Model

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Volodymyr Udovychenko ◽  
Anatoliy Melnychuk ◽  
Oleksiy Gnatiuk ◽  
Pavlo Ostapenko
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Organization ◽  
Spatial Configuration ◽  
Transformation Model ◽  
Economic Potential ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Political Conditions ◽  
Decentralization Reform ◽  
Institutional Capability ◽  
Territorial Division

Ukraine has to reform the spatial organization of power, which involves alteration of the administrative-territorial division in very difficult socio-economic and political conditions. Despite a great interest in the Ukrainian decentralization reform in scientific publications and media, the influence of chosen voluntary consolidation mode on the newly formed territorial communities, including their spatial configuration, economic potential and institutional capability, remains uncovered. Trying to shed some light on the issue, the authors made an attempt to reveal advantages and disadvantages of the selected model of reform on the example of the Perspective Plan of Territorial Communities Formation in Kyiv Region.

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