scholarly journals Light diffraction from a phase grating at oblique incidence in the intermediate diffraction regime

2021 ◽  
Vol 127 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Georg Heuberger ◽  
Jürgen Klepp ◽  
Jinxin Guo ◽  
Yasuo Tomita ◽  
Martin Fally
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Prediction ◽  
Oblique Incidence ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Phase Grating ◽  
Matter Waves ◽  
Basic Equations ◽  
Energy And Momentum ◽  
Plane Diffraction ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractWe experimentally characterize the positions of the diffraction maxima of a phase grating on a screen, for laser light at oblique incidence (so-called off-plane diffraction or conical diffraction). We discuss the general case of off-plane diffraction geometries and derive basic equations for the positions of the diffraction maxima, in particular for their angular dependence. In contrast to previously reported work (Jetty et al. in Am J Phys 80:972, 2012), our reasoning is solely based on energy- and momentum conservation. We find good agreement of our theoretical prediction with the experiment. A detailed discussion of the diffraction maxima positions, the number of diffraction orders, and the diffraction efficiencies is provided. We assess the feasibility of an experimental test of the phenomenon for neutron matter waves.

Fresnel’s formulae and the Minkowski momentum

2009 ◽  
Vol 87 (4) ◽  
pp. 407-410 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hirose ◽  
R. Dick
Keyword(s):  
Electromagnetic Wave ◽  
Conservation Laws ◽  
Oblique Incidence ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Dielectric Medium ◽  
Energy And Momentum

It is shown that the momentum of an electromagnetic wave in a dielectric medium can be uniquely determined to be the Minkowski momentum by considering oblique incidence of electromagnetic wave on a flat dielectric boundary. The Minkowski momentum is consistent with the Fresnel’s formulae and satifies the energy and momentum conservation laws.

Scattering Rings in Birefringent Porous Silicon

2003 ◽  
Vol 762 ◽  
Author(s):  
Claudio J. Oton ◽  
Zeno Gaburro ◽  
Mher Ghulinyan ◽  
Nicola Daldosso ◽  
Lucio Pancheri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dielectric Constant ◽  
Light Scattering ◽  
Porous Silicon ◽  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Optical Anisotropy ◽  
Oblique Incidence ◽  
Laser Light ◽  
Anisotropic Scattering ◽  
Scattering Measurements

AbstractWe report the observation of strongly anisotropic scattering of laser light at oblique incidence on (100)-oriented porous silicon layers. We performed angle-resolved light scattering measurements and three concentric rings were observed. Modeling porous silicon by means of nanometric columnar air pores and an effective anisotropic uniaxial dielectric constant explains the observed phenomenon, and besides, the observation of the angle aperture of these rings allows a direct measurement of relative birefringence. We finally study the changes of optical anisotropy after different modifications of the structure.

In-Plane Force Effect of Reinforced Concrete Beam with Elastic Supports

2011 ◽  
Vol 287-290 ◽  
pp. 1896-1901
Author(s):  
Zhi Kun Guo ◽  
Wan Xiang Chen ◽  
Qi Fan Wang ◽  
Yu Huang ◽  
Chao Pu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Beam ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beam ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Beams ◽  
Nonlinear Characteristics ◽  
Elastic Supports ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Basic Equations ◽  
First Time ◽  
Good Agreement

The bearing capacities of one-way reinforced concrete beams with elastic supports are investigated in this paper. According to the nonlinear characteristics of the beams, the basic equations based on plastic theory of concrete are derived by considering the in-plane force effects that aroused by the constraints of supports when the beams deforming. It is indicated that the calculation results are in good agreement with experimental datum, and the influences of different supports on the bearing capacities of the beams are quantitatively given for the first time.

scholarly journals The Impact of Teaching Physics via Modeling on Modifying Alternative Conception of Energy and Momentum Conservation among 11th Grade Female Students

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 53
Author(s):  
Abdulah K. Ambusaidi ◽  
Rahma M. Al Sabri
Keyword(s):  
Science Teachers ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Scientific Models ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Energy And Momentum ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Teaching Physics ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
11Th Grade

This study investigated the impact of teaching physics via modeling on theacquisition of energy and momentum conservation concepts. The sample consisted of 91 female students selected from 11th grade female students in two schools in Al-Dakhiliyah Governorate in Oman. The experimental group (n = 45) was taught via the modeling method, and the control group (n = 46) was taught using a traditional method. The study lasted six weeks during the second semester of the academic year 2013/2014. A teacher guide for teaching by models was designed and validated by a group of experts. To measure the acquisition of physics concepts, energy and momentum, an achievement test was used. The test consisted of 20 multiple-choice questions. Its reliability was measured by test-retest method (r = 0.79). The results revealed a statistically significant difference (p < .05) between the means of the experimental and control groups in favor of the experimental group. The study recommends that science teachers ought to use models and modeling in their teaching. Workshops to train supervisors, in-service teachers and pre-service teachers in the construction and development of scientific models need to be conducted

scholarly journals Mathematical analogies in physics. Thin-layer wave theory

2014 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
José M. Carcione ◽  
Vivian Grünhut ◽  
Ana Osella
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Thin Layer ◽  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Constitutive Relations ◽  
Normal Incidence ◽  
Wave Theory ◽  
Transverse Magnetic ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Tunnel Effect ◽  
Basic Equations

<p>Field theory applies to elastodynamics, electromagnetism, quantum mechanics, gravitation and other similar fields of physics, where the basic equations describing the phenomenon are based on constitutive relations and balance equations. For instance, in elastodynamics, these are the stress-strain relations and the equations of momentum conservation (Euler-Newton law). In these cases, the same mathematical theory can be used, by establishing appropriate mathematical equivalences (or analogies) between material properties and field variables. For instance, the wave equation and the related mathematical developments can be used to describe anelastic and electromagnetic wave propagation, and are extensively used in quantum mechanics. In this work, we obtain the mathematical analogy for the reflection/refraction (transmission) problem of a thin layer embedded between dissimilar media, considering the presence of anisotropy and attenuation/viscosity in the viscoelastic case, conductivity in the electromagnetic case and a potential barrier in quantum physics (the tunnel effect). The analogy is mainly illustrated with geophysical examples of propagation of S (shear), P (compressional), TM (transverse-magnetic) and TE (transverse-electric) waves. The tunnel effect is obtained as a special case of viscoelastic waves at normal incidence.</p>

scholarly journals New results on energy and momentum conservation for particle emission in A+A collisions at not too high energies

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Rybicki ◽  
Miroslaw Kielbowicz ◽  
Antoni Szczurek ◽  
Iwona Anna Sputowska
Keyword(s):  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Particle Emission ◽  
High Energies ◽  
Energy And Momentum

scholarly journals Numerical investigations of stainless steel melt motions on the surface of uranium dioxide

2019 ◽  
Vol 196 ◽  
pp. 00005 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eduard V. Usov ◽  
Pavel D. Lobanov ◽  
Ilya A. Klimonov ◽  
Alexander E. Kutlimetov ◽  
Anton A. Butov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steel ◽  
Uranium Dioxide ◽  
Momentum Conservation ◽  
Mass Energy ◽  
Numerical Investigations ◽  
Fuel Rod ◽  
The Core ◽  
Fuel Pin ◽  
Energy And Momentum ◽  
Coolant Velocity

The paper contains the results of numerical simulation of stainless steel melt motions on the surface of uranium dioxide. The investigations are performed for purposes of understanding of the fuel rod behavior during the core disruptive accident in the fast reactors. The systems of mass, energy and momentum conservation equations are solved to simulate melt motion on the surface of the fuel pin. Heat transfer and friction between melt and pin's surface and melt and coolant flow are taken into consideration. The dependences of mass of the melt and the features of the melt motion on coolant velocity and contact angle between melt and surface of the fuel rod are presented.

Modelling of an alternating oxidation ditch system

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-176 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Stamou ◽  
A. Katsiri ◽  
I. Mantziaras ◽  
K. Boshnakov ◽  
B. Koumanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Plant ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Dispersion Coefficient ◽  
Carbon Oxidation ◽  
Correction Factors ◽  
Oxidation Ditch ◽  
The Third ◽  
Basic Equations ◽  
Short Presentation ◽  
Good Agreement

This paper presents a mathematical model for an alternating oxidation ditch system, performing carbon oxidation-nitrification, denitrification and settling. The model consists of 1-dimensional mass balance (convection-dispersion) equations, based on the IAWPRC activated sludge model No 1. The data used for the calibration and the application of the model, are collected from a pilot plant. The present work consists of 3 parts. In the first part a brief description of the pilot plant is made. The second part deals with a short presentation of the basic equations and the boundary conditions of the model. The calibration and application of the model with the corresponding conclusions are contained in the third part. In the calibration, the values of the dispersion coefficient, E, and the correction factors α and β of the equation of the aeration equipment (rotors) have been determined equal to E=170000 m2 day−1, β=0.85 and α=0.3 and 0.825, for the operation of the rotors in the low and high speed, respectively. The application of the model shows that predicted effluent concentration values are in a very good agreement with experiments.

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