scholarly journals Advances in dietary pattern analysis in nutritional epidemiology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina-Alexandra Schulz ◽  
Kolade Oluwagbemigun ◽  
Ute Nöthlings
Keyword(s):  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Hybrid Approach ◽  
Transformation Method ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Nutritional Epidemiology ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Dietary Pattern Analysis

Abstract Background and Purpose It used to be a common practice in the field of nutritional epidemiology to analyze separate nutrients, foods, or food groups. However, in reality, nutrients and foods are consumed in combination. The introduction of dietary patterns (DP) and their analysis has revolutionized this field, making it possible to take into account the synergistic effects of foods and to account for the complex interaction among nutrients and foods. Three approaches of DP analysis exist: (1) the hypothesis-based approach (based on prior knowledge regarding the current understanding of dietary components and their health relation), (2) the exploratory approach (solely relying on dietary intake data), and (3) the hybrid approach (a combination of both approaches). During the recent past, complementary approaches for DP analysis have emerged both conceptually and methodologically. Method We have summarized the recent developments that include incorporating the Treelet transformation method as a complementary exploratory approach in a narrative review. Results Uses, peculiarities, strengths, limitations, and scope of recent developments in DP analysis are outlined. Next, the narrative review gives an overview of the literature that takes into account potential relevant dietary-related factors, specifically the metabolome and the gut microbiome in DP analysis. Then the review deals with the aspect of data processing that is needed prior to DP analysis, particularly when dietary data arise from assessment methods other than the long-established food frequency questionnaire. Lastly, potential opportunities for upcoming DP analysis are summarized in the outlook. Conclusion Biological factors like the metabolome and the microbiome are crucial to understand diet-disease relationships. Therefore, the inclusion of these factors in DP analysis might provide deeper insights.

scholarly journals Methodological approaches to study dietary patterns in relation to risk of coronary heart disease and stroke

2006 ◽  
Vol 95 (5) ◽  
pp. 860-869 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthias B. Schulze ◽  
Kurt Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Patterns ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Nutritional Epidemiology ◽  
Reduced Rank Regression ◽  
Rank Regression ◽  
Exploratory Approach ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Approaches To Study ◽  
Dietary Pattern Analysis ◽  
Dietary Components

Dietary pattern analysis, which reflects the complexity of dietary intake, has received considerable attention by nutritional epidemiology. For a long time, two general approaches have been used to define these summary variables in observational studies. The exploratory approach is based only on the data of the study, whereas the hypothesis-oriented approach constructs pattern variables based on scientific evidence available before the study. Recently, a new statistical method, reduced rank regression, was applied to nutritional epidemiology that is exploratory by nature, but can use scientific evidence by focusing on disease-related dietary components or biomarkers. Several studies, both observational and clinical, suggest that dietary patterns may predict the risk of CHD and stroke. In the present review, we describe the results of these studies and the available evidence regarding the relationships between dietary patterns and risk of CVD and we discuss limitations and strengths of the statistical methods used toextract dietary patterns.

FOOD CONSUMPTION OF CHILDREN AGED 1 TO 5 IN PHUOC VINH WARD, HUE CITY BY 24 HOURS FOOD RECORDING

2015 ◽  
pp. 153-161
Author(s):  
Thi Bach Yen Hoang ◽  
Thi Hai Pham ◽  
Dinh Tuyen Hoang ◽  
Thi Huong Le ◽  
Van Thang Vo
Keyword(s):  
Total Energy ◽  
Food Consumption ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Food Record ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Food Consumption Survey ◽  
Food Consumed

Food consumption survey is an essential parts of nutrition surveys. It helps to determine the type and quantity of food consumed, assessing the balance of the diet, the relationship between nutrient intake and health, diseases, and economic status, culture society... There are many methods to investigate food consumption. 24-hour food record is a method that record all food consumed by the subject during previous 24 hours. Using this method in chidren helps to assess the their diet to see if it responses the demand in order to have proper nutrition. Objectives: 1. Calculating the number of each food groups consumed within 24 hours of children 1 to 5 years in Phuoc Vinh ward, Hue City; 2. Assessing the quality of their diet and some related factors. Methodology: A cross-sectional study was implemented on 200 pairs of children aged 1 to 5 and parents or caregivers living in Phuoc Vinh ward, Hue city and some related factors. Results: 82% of the children’s diets covered 4 food groups. Prevalence of glucide, protein, lipide out of the total energy intake were 44.1%, 19.5%, 36.3% respectively within group of 12-<48 months and 50%, 19.5%, 30.6% respectively within group of 48-<72 months. Total energy and protein intake were higher than demanded (p <0.05) while glucide and lipide were lower than demanded (p <0.05). Economical status of family was significant associated with variety of food (all 4 food groups) in the diet of children (p <0.05) and total energy consumed (p <0.05). Conclusion: The children did not have proper nutrition so further research need to be implemented to have suitable interventions. Key words: 24 hours food records, children aged 1 to 5, Hue city.

scholarly journals COVID-19-Related Changes in Perceived Household Food Waste in the United States: A Cross-Sectional Descriptive Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 1104
Author(s):  
Kelly Cosgrove ◽  
Maricarmen Vizcaino ◽  
Christopher Wharton
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
The United States ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Level ◽  
Binomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Household Food ◽  
Fresh Vegetables

Food waste contributes to adverse environmental and economic outcomes, and substantial food waste occurs at the household level in the US. This study explored perceived household food waste changes during the COVID-19 pandemic and related factors. A total of 946 survey responses from primary household food purchasers were analyzed. Demographic, COVID-19-related household change, and household food waste data were collected in October 2020. Wilcoxon signed-rank was used to assess differences in perceived food waste. A hierarchical binomial logistic regression analysis was conducted to examine whether COVID-19-related lifestyle disruptions and food-related behavior changes increased the likelihood of household food waste. A binomial logistic regression was conducted to explore the contribution of different food groups to the likelihood of increased food waste. Perceived food waste, assessed as the estimated percent of food wasted, decreased significantly during the pandemic (z = −7.47, p < 0.001). Food stockpiling was identified as a predictor of increased overall food waste during the pandemic, and wasting fresh vegetables and frozen foods increased the odds of increased food waste. The results indicate the need to provide education and resources related to food stockpiling and the management of specific food groups during periods of disruption to reduce food waste.

Metabolomic profiling of the Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet provides novel insights for the nutritional epidemiology of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-29
Author(s):  
Shahen Yashpal ◽  
Angela D. Liese ◽  
Beatrice A. Boucher ◽  
Lynne E. Wagenknecht ◽  
Steven M. Haffner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Nutritional Epidemiology ◽  
P Value ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Dash Diet ◽  
Quantitative Measurements ◽  
Select Group ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study

Abstract Adherence to the DASH diet is inversely associated with T2DM risk. Metabolic changes due to DASH adherence and their potential relationship with incident T2DM have not been described. The objective is to determine metabolite clusters associated with adherence to a DASH-like diet in the Insulin Resistance Atherosclerosis Study (IRAS) cohort and explore if the clusters predicted 5-year incidence of T2DM. The current study included the 570 non-diabetic multi-ethnic participants aged 40 - 69 years. Adherence to a DASH-like diet was determined a priori through an 80-point scale for absolute intakes of the eight DASH food groups. Quantitative measurements of 87 metabolites (acylcarnitines, amino acids, bile acids, sterols, and fatty acids) were obtained at baseline. Metabolite clusters related to DASH adherence were determined through partial least squares (PLS) analysis using R. Multivariable-adjusted logistic regression (MLR) was used to explore the associations between metabolite clusters and incident T2DM. A group of acylcarnitines and fatty acids loaded strongly on the two components retained under PLS. Among strongly loading metabolites, a select group of acylcarnitines had over 50% of their individual variance explained by the PLS model. Component 2 was inversely associated with incident T2DM (Odds ratio (OR): 0.89; 95% Confidence interval (CI) 0.80-0.99, p-value = 0.043) after adjustment for demographic and metabolic covariates. Component 1 was not associated with T2DM risk (OR: 1.02; 95% CI 0.88-1.19, p-value = 0.74). Adherence to a DASH-type diet may contribute to reduced T2DM risk in part through modulations in acylcarnitine and fatty acid physiology.

scholarly journals Predictors of Blood Pressure in Iranian Women- A Narrative Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maryam Etaat ◽  
Zohre Tabatabaye ◽  
Samaneh Motamed Jahromi ◽  
Poneh Yosefi ◽  
Sadegh Sedigh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
High Stress ◽  
Narrative Review ◽  
Iranian Women ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Waist Size ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Important Health

Introduction: hypertension is one of the most important health problems in the world and in developing countries, including Iran. The prevalence of hypertension among Iranian women is higher than men. This study aimed to investigate the predictive causes of hypertension among Iranian women. This study was a narrative review that was conducted by searching related studies and resources in databases of Google Scholar, SID, Pubmed, Magiran, Web of Science, and Scopus. Finally, 49 qualified articles were analyzed and the texts were reviewed. Based on the obtained data, the predictors of hypertension among Iranian women included the underlying factors of obesity (diet and exercise), psychosocial factors (stress, occupation and addiction) and age-related factors. Conclusion:  Obesity and increased waist size had a greater role in high blood pressure in Iranian women. After obesity, age and factors affecting them, lack of exercise, high stress, occupational factors, education, and addiction can also influence high blood pressure.As a result, it can be predicted that by identifying the risk factors, hypertension can be reduced among Iranian women; by teaching the causes and methods of preventing hypertension to the Iranian women as well as screening for timely diagnose and treatment, hypertension could be decreased among Iranian women.

scholarly journals A data mining approach to investigate food groups related to incidence of bladder cancer in the BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants International Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 124 (6) ◽  
pp. 611-619
Author(s):  
Evan Y. W. Yu ◽  
Anke Wesselius ◽  
Christoph Sinhart ◽  
Alicja Wolk ◽  
Mariana Carla Stern ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Meat Products ◽  
International Study ◽  
Cancer Epidemiology ◽  
Dietary Factors ◽  
Nutritional Epidemiology ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Data Mining Technique

AbstractAt present, analysis of diet and bladder cancer (BC) is mostly based on the intake of individual foods. The examination of food combinations provides a scope to deal with the complexity and unpredictability of the diet and aims to overcome the limitations of the study of nutrients and foods in isolation. This article aims to demonstrate the usability of supervised data mining methods to extract the food groups related to BC. In order to derive key food groups associated with BC risk, we applied the data mining technique C5.0 with 10-fold cross-validation in the BLadder cancer Epidemiology and Nutritional Determinants study, including data from eighteen case–control and one nested case–cohort study, compromising 8320 BC cases out of 31 551 participants. Dietary data, on the eleven main food groups of the Eurocode 2 Core classification codebook, and relevant non-diet data (i.e. sex, age and smoking status) were available. Primarily, five key food groups were extracted; in order of importance, beverages (non-milk); grains and grain products; vegetables and vegetable products; fats, oils and their products; meats and meat products were associated with BC risk. Since these food groups are corresponded with previously proposed BC-related dietary factors, data mining seems to be a promising technique in the field of nutritional epidemiology and deserves further examination.

scholarly journals Validation of a Food Propensity Questionnaire for the Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Survey (HNNHS) and Results on This Population’s Adherence to Key Food-Group Nutritional Guidelines

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 1808
Author(s):  
Theodoros Smiliotopoulos ◽  
Emmanuella Magriplis ◽  
Antonis Zampelas
Keyword(s):  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Health Survey ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Food Group ◽  
Nutritional Epidemiology ◽  
Food Groups ◽  
Nutrition And Health ◽  
Nutritional Studies ◽  
Greek Adults

Background: Food propensity questionnaires (FPQs) are means of dietary assessment in nutritional epidemiology, which provide valuable information for long term intakes and food group consumption. These tools, however, may be subjected to misreporting and need to be validated against standard quantitative methods. Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the validity of the qualitative FPQ developed to assess the dietary habits of the general population in Greece during the Hellenic National Nutrition and Health Survey (HNNHS) and to assess the population’s intake of specific food groups in relation to guidelines. Methods: Validation analysis was based on 3796 [1543 men (42.82%) and 2253 women (57.18%)] participants of the HNNHS in relation to two interviewer-administered 24 h recalls (24 hR). Participants were asked to report the frequency of their dietary intake, using the FPQ provided. Correlations and significance between methods were assessed via Spearman correlation and a Two-sample Wilcoxon rank-sum (Mann-Whitney) test, respectively. Agreement between the FPQ and the 24 hR was performed using the Bland–Altman test and differences between the FPQ’s shown intakes and the recommended intakes by the Dietary Guidelines for Greek Adults were calculated. Results: Medium to weak correlations, but statistically significant (p < 0.05), were observed for most food groups between 24 hR and the FPQ; medium for fruits, dairy products, drinks, and spirits (ranging from ρ = 0.371 to ρ = 0.461; highest for drinks and spirits) and weak for vegetables, meat, fish, eggs, starch foods, sweets, nuts, fats and oils, and fast food (ρ = 0.111 to ρ = 0.290; lowest for starch foods). A non-significant correlation was found for legumes (ρ = 0.070). The mean intake agreement (Bland–Altman analysis) between the FPQ and the 24 hR was 96.08% and ranged from 94.43 to 99.34% for the 14 food groups under examination. When food group intakes were compared to guidelines, results showed that the population’s dietary intake was below the guidelines for fruits, vegetables, whole grains, fish, and legumes. On the other hand, it was above the guidelines for most of the “unhealthy” food groups, in particular, fast food, sweets, drinks and spirits, red meat, and sweets. Conclusions: The specific FPQ provides valid information on major food groups and can be used to examine long term dietary patterns in nutritional studies. Ιn addition, dietary intakes of Greek adults are problematic and initiatives at the public health level are necessary.

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