scholarly journals Regional accents modulate perspective in geographical space

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Enrique García-Marco ◽  
Itatí Branca ◽  
Dolores Castillo ◽  
Inmaculada León ◽  
David Beltrán ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Canary Islands ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
First Person ◽  
Geographical Perspective ◽  
Madrid Spanish ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Geographical Space ◽  
Geographic Perspective

AbstractIn this study, participants listened to first-person statements that mentioned a character who was approaching a geographical location close to (Tenerife, Canary Islands) or distant from the participant (Madrid, Spanish peninsula), pronounced with either the participants' local or a distal regional accent. Participants more often judged approaching statements as coherent when they refer to a close place pronounced with local accent or refer to a distant place with distal accent, rather than when they refer to a close place with distal accent or to a distant place with local accent. These results strongly suggest that the local accent induces listeners to keep their own geographical perspective, whereas the distal accent determines shifting to another’s perspective. In sum, a subtle paralinguistic cue, the speaker’s regional accent, modulates the participants’ geographic perspective when they listen to identical first-person sentences with approaching deictic verbs.

scholarly journals Geography, poverty and development: an interdisciplinary debate

2011 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-236
Author(s):  
Anand Prasad Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Production Systems ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Development Studies ◽  
Multiple Routes ◽  
Contemporary Development ◽  
Tribal Region ◽  
Geographical Space ◽  
Mode Of Production

An emerging feature of contemporary development studies in India is the deployment of an interdisciplinary approach involving geographical location, level of poverty, nature of development and planning etc. The prevalence of poverty in a specific geographical location represents the evolving pattern of deprivation under a particular mode of production. The historicity of poverty in a geographical space needs an independent enquiry and identification of different production systems which are responsible for the problem of deprivation through multiple routes. The present paper is an attempt to initiate a debate on the issue of poverty, especially in a tribal region, through a multi-dimensional perspective, i.e. interrelation between geography, poverty, development and planning. The paper identifies one of the most poverty-stricken regions of India for a detailed discussion of the various casual factors which are apparently responsible for the poverty of that region. The paper also tries to explore the historical background of poverty in the study area (Babhani Block of Sonbhadra U. P.).

scholarly journals Optimizing Bus Line Based on Metro-Bus Integration

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junjun Wei ◽  
Kejun Long ◽  
Jian Gu ◽  
Qingling Ju ◽  
Piao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Optimization Model ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Line Number ◽  
Competition And Cooperation ◽  
Travel Efficiency ◽  
Geographical Space ◽  
Metro System

Metros are usually built and added on the basis of a completed bus network in Chinese cities. After the metro construction, it is faced with the problem of how to adjust and optimize the original bus lines based on the new metro system. This research mainly proposes a bus line optimization method based on bus and metro integration. In the consideration of the geographical space, the cooperation and competition relationship between bus and metro lines is qualitatively introduced according to the geographical location and service range of metro (800 m radius) and bus (500 m radius) stations. The competition and cooperation indexes are applied to define the co-opetition relationship between bus and metro lines. The bus line optimization model is constructed based on the co-opetition coefficient and Changsha Metro Line Number 2 is chosen as a case study to verify the optimization model. The results show that the positive competition, efficient cooperation, and travel efficiency between metro and bus has been significantly enhanced after optimization. Moreover, this paper provides a reasonable reference for public transport network planning and resource allocation.

Precarity and the Pursuit of Unhappiness

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eleanor Ty
Keyword(s):  
North American ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Graphic Novel ◽  
First Person ◽  
Family Instability ◽  
Narrative Style ◽  
Physical Consequences ◽  
Social Uncertainty ◽  
Geographical Space

This chapter examines three works by Japanese North American writers: Ruth Ozeki's A Tale for the Time Being,Mariko Tamaki's novella Cover Me, and her graphic novel Skim, illustrated by Jillian Tamaki. Though different in narrative style and technique, these three texts feature Japanese North American teens, who struggle with identity issues, family instability, self-esteem, and depression. The protagonists are unable to follow the kind of hard-working immigrant ethos of their parents; instead, they pursue what looks like a path to unhappiness, and suffer mental and physical consequences. Ozeki plays with the connectedness of geographical space, and uses postmodern devices to show global economic and social uncertainty; Mariko Tamaki uses the detached and ironic first-person point of view of a twenty-year old to critique our obsession with ownership and money. In Skim, verbal and visual techniques convey Skim's outsider status, her broken family, difficulties with her peers, and what Sara Ahmed calls the "happiness commandment."

Geographical mapping of visitor flow in tourism

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 701-719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ljubica Knezevic Cvelbar ◽  
Mojca Mayr ◽  
Damjan Vavpotic
Keyword(s):  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Economic Planning ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Repetitive Movements ◽  
Available Technology ◽  
Geographical Space ◽  
Adriatic Region

The available technology enables us to access a large amount of data shared by tourists on tourism web platforms. Such data include the exact geographical location visited, the time of a visit, and the identifier of a visitor. This article aims to identify the visitor flows in the North East Adriatic region. Visitor flows are groups of repetitive movements of visitors through the geographical space within a certain travel. We identified 31 groups of strategic visitor flows between 188 destinations in the region. The proposed methodological approach is unique and had not been used in this context before. By connecting new approaches in destination management and economic planning, we aim to improve the theoretical and practical knowledge in this field.

scholarly journals TYPOLOGY OF URBAN DISTRICTS IN THE SYSTEM OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 525-533
Author(s):  
E.S. Kulakovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Urban Districts ◽  
Socio Economic Development ◽  
The Status ◽  
Territorial Organization ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Geographical Space

The article discusses the problems of the municipal structure in the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to analyze the status and prospects of socio-economic development of urban districts in the system of local self-government. Based on the methods of statistical analysis, a typology of urban districts was performed taking into account their geographical location and the functions performed in the socio-geographical space of the regions. For each type, the characteristic features of spatial development are determined, and the prerequisites and features of ensuring sustainable socio-economic development are also established. The author has proposed ways to improve the management of urban districts in Russia, taking into account the accumulated experience of the post-socialist countries of Europe, especially Poland. Based on the study, adjustments can be made to the fundamental principles of the territorial organization of local self-government.

scholarly journals A new era for mind studies: training investigators in both scientific and contemplative methods of inquiry

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gaelle Desbordes ◽  
Lobsang Negi
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Methods ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Scientific Study ◽  
First Person ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Mental Events ◽  
Contemplative Traditions

While modern neuroscience relies on objective, quantitative methods for measuring how mental events manifest as brain activity, ancient contemplative traditions have used first-person introspective practices to gain a greater understanding of the mind. It is now possible to combine these different approaches, hopefully in a mutually enriching, synergistic way. The scientific study of the mind would benefit immensely from including expert contemplative practitioners, not only as study participants, but as full-fledged co-investigators.

The Effect of Symbol Background Color on the Speed of Locating Targets by Adults Without Disabilities: Implications for Augmentative and Alternative Communication Display Design

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 1482-1488
Author(s):  
Jennifer J. Thistle
Keyword(s):  
Augmentative And Alternative Communication ◽  
Reaction Times ◽  
The Other ◽  
Background Color ◽  
Alternative Communication ◽  
Display Design ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Research With Children ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Perceptual Factors

Purpose Previous research with children with and without disabilities has demonstrated that visual–perceptual factors can influence the speech of locating a target on an array. Adults without disabilities often facilitate the learning and use of a child's augmentative and alternative communication system. The current research examined how the presence of symbol background color influenced the speed with which adults without disabilities located target line drawings in 2 studies. Method Both studies used a between-subjects design. In the 1st study, 30 adults (ages 18–29 years) located targets in a 16-symbol array. In the 2nd study, 30 adults (ages 18–34 years) located targets in a 60-symbol array. There were 3 conditions in each study: symbol background color, symbol background white with a black border, and symbol background white with a color border. Results In the 1st study, reaction times across groups were not significantly different. In the 2nd study, participants in the symbol background color condition were significantly faster than participants in the other conditions, and participants in the symbol background white with black border were significantly slower than participants in the other conditions. Conclusion Communication partners may benefit from the presence of background color, especially when supporting children using displays with many symbols.

Predictors of Purchasing a Hearing Aid After an Evaluation Period: A Prospective Study in Dutch Older Hearing Aid Candidates

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (3S) ◽  
pp. 802-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marieke Pronk ◽  
Janine F. J. Meijerink ◽  
Sophia E. Kramer ◽  
Martijn W. Heymans ◽  
Jana Besser
Keyword(s):  
Help Seeking ◽  
Hearing Aid ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Area Under The Curve ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Support Program ◽  
Evaluation Period ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
Baseline Covariates

Purpose The current study aimed to identify factors that distinguish between older (50+ years) hearing aid (HA) candidates who do and do not purchase HAs after having gone through an HA evaluation period (HAEP). Method Secondary data analysis of the SUpport PRogram trial was performed ( n = 267 older, 1st-time HA candidates). All SUpport PRogram participants started an HAEP shortly after study enrollment. Decision to purchase an HA by the end of the HAEP was the outcome of interest of the current study. Participants' baseline covariates (22 in total) were included as candidate predictors. Multivariable logistic regression modeling (backward selection and reclassification tables) was used. Results Of all candidate predictors, only pure-tone average (average of 1, 2, and 4 kHz) hearing loss emerged as a significant predictor (odds ratio = 1.03, 95% confidence interval [1.03, 1.17]). Model performance was weak (Nagelkerke R 2 = .04, area under the curve = 0.61). Conclusions These data suggest that, once HA candidates have decided to enter an HAEP, factors measured early in the help-seeking journey do not predict well who will and will not purchase an HA. Instead, factors that act during the HAEP may hold this predictive value. This should be examined.

A View of the Lexical–Grammatical Link in Young Latinos With Specific Language Impairment Using Language-Specific and Conceptual Measures

2019 ◽  
Vol 62 (6) ◽  
pp. 1775-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucía I. Méndez ◽  
Gabriela Simon-Cereijido
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Language Impairment ◽  
Specific Language Impairment ◽  
L2 Acquisition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Specific Language ◽  
Vocabulary Skills ◽  
In The Beginning ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
L1 And L2

Purpose This study investigated the nature of the association of lexical–grammatical abilities within and across languages in Latino dual language learners (DLLs) with specific language impairment (SLI) using language-specific and bilingual measures. Method Seventy-four Spanish/English–speaking preschoolers with SLI from preschools serving low-income households participated in the study. Participants had stronger skills in Spanish (first language [L1]) and were in the initial stages of learning English (second language [L2]). The children's lexical, semantic, and grammar abilities were assessed using normative and researcher-developed tools in English and Spanish. Hierarchical linear regressions of cross-sectional data were conducted using measures of sentence repetition tasks, language-specific vocabulary, and conceptual bilingual lexical and semantic abilities in Spanish and English. Results Results indicate that language-specific vocabulary abilities support the development of grammar in L1 and L2 in this population. L1 vocabulary also contributes to L2 grammar above and beyond the contribution of L2 vocabulary skills. However, the cross-linguistic association between vocabulary in L2 and grammar skills in the stronger or more proficient language (L1) is not observed. In addition, conceptual vocabulary significantly supported grammar in L2, whereas bilingual semantic skills supported L1 grammar. Conclusions Our findings reveal that the same language-specific vocabulary abilities drive grammar development in L1 and L2 in DLLs with SLI. In the early stages of L2 acquisition, vocabulary skills in L1 also seem to contribute to grammar skills in L2 in this population. Thus, it is critical to support vocabulary development in both L1 and L2 in DLLs with SLI, particularly in the beginning stages of L2 acquisition. Clinical and educational implications are discussed.

Speech-Language Pathologists' Comfort Level With Use of Term “Stuttering” During Evaluations

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 841-850 ◽  
Author(s):  
Courtney T. Byrd ◽  
Danielle Werle ◽  
Kenneth O. St. Louis
Keyword(s):  
Communication Disorders ◽  
Academic Experiences ◽  
Comfort Level ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Speech Language Pathologists ◽  
Comfort Levels ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Evaluation Feedback ◽  
Study Participants

Purpose Speech-language pathologists (SLPs) anecdotally report concern that their interactions with a child who stutters, including even the use of the term “stuttering,” might contribute to negative affective, behavioral, and cognitive consequences. This study investigated SLPs' comfort in providing a diagnosis of “stuttering” to children's parents/caregivers, as compared to other commonly diagnosed developmental communication disorders. Method One hundred forty-one school-based SLPs participated in this study. Participants were randomly assigned to one of two vignettes detailing an evaluation feedback session. Then, participants rated their level of comfort disclosing diagnostic terms to parents/caregivers. Participants provided rationale for their ratings and answered various questions regarding academic and clinical experiences to identify factors that may have influenced ratings. Results SLPs were significantly less likely to feel comfortable using the term “stuttering” compared to other communication disorders. Thematic responses revealed increased experience with a specific speech-language population was related to higher comfort levels with using its diagnostic term. Additionally, knowing a person who stutters predicted greater comfort levels as compared to other clinical and academic experiences. Conclusions SLPs were significantly less comfortable relaying the diagnosis “stuttering” to families compared to other speech-language diagnoses. Given the potential deleterious effects of avoidance of this term for both parents and children who stutter, future research should explore whether increased exposure to persons who stutter of all ages systematically improves comfort level with the use of this term.

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