Role of irisin in effects of chronic exercise on muscle and bone in ovariectomized mice

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoyuki Kawao ◽  
Shunki Iemura ◽  
Miku Kawaguchi ◽  
Yuya Mizukami ◽  
Yoshimasa Takafuji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Exercise ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice

Role of chronic exercise in decreasing oxidized LDL-potentiated platelet activation by enhancing platelet-derived no release and bioactivity in rats

Life Sciences ◽  
2000 ◽  
Vol 66 (20) ◽  
pp. 1937-1948 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong Shyan Wang ◽  
Chia-Chih Lin ◽  
Jan-Kan Chen ◽  
May-Kuen Wong
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Activation ◽  
Oxidized Ldl ◽  
Chronic Exercise ◽  
No Release

scholarly journals The role of cyclooxygenase-2 on endurance exercise training in female LDL-receptor knockout ovariectomized mice

2013 ◽  
Vol 85 (3) ◽  
pp. 1157-1164 ◽  
Author(s):  
FLAVIA DE OLIVEIRA ◽  
LAURA B.M. MAIFRINO ◽  
GUSTAVO P.P. DE JESUS ◽  
JULIANA G. CARVALHO ◽  
CLAUDIA MARCHON ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Ldl Receptor ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Cyclooxygenase 2 ◽  
Sedentary Control ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Cox 2

Estrogen deprivation in postmenopausal women increases cardiovascular risk. Cardiovascular risk as a result of atherosclerosis is able to induce an inflammatory disease as far as cyclooxygenase-2 ( COX-2) expression. The purpose of the study was to investigate the role of COX-2 on exercise training in female mice low-density lipoprotein receptor knockout ( LDL-KO) with or without ovariectomy. A total of 15 female C57BL/6 mice and 15 female LDL-KO mice were distributed into 6 groups: sedentary control, sedentary control ovariectomized, trained control ovariectomized, LDL-KO sedentary, LDL-KO sedentary ovariectomized and LDL-KO trained ovariectomized. The ascending part of the aorta was stained with H&E and COX-2 expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results revealed that ovariectomy as well as exercise training were not able to induce histopathological changes in mouse aorta for all groups investigated. LDL-KO mice demonstrated plaque containing cholesterol clefts, foamy histiocytes and mild inflammatory process for all groups indistinctly. Ovariectomy induced a strong immunoexpression in atherosclerosis lesion of LDL-KO mice. Nevertheless, a down-regulation of COX-2 expression was detected in LDL-KO trained ovariectomized when compared to LDL-KO sedentary. Our results are consistent with the notion that exercise training is able to modulate COX-2 expression in LDL-KO mice as a result of COX-2 down-regulation.

scholarly journals The Roles of ROS Generation in RANKL-Induced Osteoclastogenesis: Suppressive Effects of Febuxostat

Cancers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 929
Author(s):  
Mohannad Ashtar ◽  
Hirofumi Tenshin ◽  
Jumpei Teramachi ◽  
Ariunzaya Bat-Erdene ◽  
Masahiro Hiasa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Marrow Cells ◽  
Tumor Lysis Syndrome ◽  
Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Ros Generation ◽  
Ros Production ◽  
Xanthine Oxidase Inhibitor ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Bone Damage ◽  
Anticancer Treatment

Receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL), a critical mediator of osteoclastogenesis, is upregulated in multiple myeloma (MM). The xanthine oxidase inhibitor febuxostat, clinically used for prevention of tumor lysis syndrome, has been demonstrated to effectively inhibit not only the generation of uric acid but also the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS). ROS has been demonstrated to mediate RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis. In the present study, we therefore explored the role of cancer-treatment-induced ROS in RANKL-mediated osteoclastogenesis and the suppressive effects of febuxostat on ROS generation and osteoclastogenesis. RANKL dose-dependently induced ROS production in RAW264.7 preosteoclastic cells; however, febuxostat inhibited the RANKL-induced ROS production and osteoclast (OC) formation. Interestingly, doxorubicin (Dox) further enhanced RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis through upregulation of ROS production, which was mostly abolished by addition of febuxostat. Febuxostat also inhibited osteoclastogenesis enhanced in cocultures of bone marrow cells with MM cells. Importantly, febuxostat rather suppressed MM cell viability and did not compromise Dox’s anti-MM activity. In addition, febuxostat was able to alleviate pathological osteoclastic activity and bone loss in ovariectomized mice. Collectively, these results suggest that excessive ROS production by aberrant RANKL overexpression and/or anticancer treatment disadvantageously impacts bone, and that febuxostat can prevent the ROS-mediated osteoclastic bone damage.

scholarly journals The Effects of Doxorubicin-based Chemotherapy and Omega-3 Supplementation on Mouse Brain Lipids

Metabolites ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 208
Author(s):  
Djawed Bennouna ◽  
Melissa Solano ◽  
Tonya S. Orchard ◽  
A. Courtney DeVries ◽  
Maryam Lustberg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Impairment ◽  
Breast Cancer Survivors ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Resolvin D1 ◽  
Brain Lipids ◽  
Fatty Acid Supplementation ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Injection Study

Chemotherapy-induced cognitive impairment affects ~30% of breast cancer survivors, but the effects on how chemotherapy impacts brain lipids, and how omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation may confer protection, is unknown. Ovariectomized mice were randomized to two rounds of injections of doxorubicin + cyclophosphamide or vehicle after consuming a diet supplemented with 2% or 0% EPA+DHA, and sacrificed 4, 7, and 14 days after the last injection (study 1, n = 120) or sacrificed 10 days after the last injection (study 2, n = 40). Study 1 whole brain samples were extracted and analyzed by UHPLC-MS/MS to quantify specialized pro-resolving mediators (SPMs). Lipidomics analyses were performed on hippocampal extracts from study 2 to determine changes in the brain lipidome. Study 1 results: only resolvin D1 was present in all samples, but no differences in concentration were observed (P > 0.05). Study 2 results: chemotherapy was positively correlated with omega-9 fatty acids, and EPA+DHA supplementation helped to maintain levels of plasmalogens. No statistically significant chemotherapy*diet effect was observed. Results demonstrate a limited role of SPMs in the brain post-chemotherapy, but a significant alteration of hippocampal lipids previously associated with other models of cognitive impairment (i.e., Alzheimer’s and Parkinson’s disease).

scholarly journals Sexual dimorphism and the role of estrogen in the immune microenvironment of liver metastases

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Simon Milette ◽  
Masakazu Hashimoto ◽  
Stephanie Perrino ◽  
Shu Qi ◽  
Michely Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Suppressor Cells ◽  
Cytotoxic T Cell ◽  
Immune Microenvironment ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Cell Accumulation ◽  
Tumor Immune Microenvironment

AbstractLiver metastases (LM) remain a major cause of cancer-associated death and a clinical challenge. Here we explore a sexual dimorphism observed in the regulation of the tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) of LM, wherein the accumulation of myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) and regulatory T cells in colon and lung carcinoma LM is TNFR2-dependent in female, but not in male mice. In ovariectomized mice, a marked reduction is observed in colorectal, lung and pancreatic carcinoma LM that is reversible by estradiol reconstitution. This is associated with reduced liver MDSC accumulation, increased interferon-gamma (IFN-γ) and granzyme B production in CD8+ T cells and reduced TNFR2, IDO2, TDO and Serpin B9 expression levels. Treatment with tamoxifen increases liver cytotoxic T cell accumulation and reduces colon cancer LM. The results identify estrogen as a regulator of a pro-metastatic immune microenvironment in the liver and a potential target in the management of liver metastatic disease.

Long-Term Treatment of Ovariectomized Mice with Estradiol or Phytoestrogens as a New Model to Study the Role of Estrogenic Substances in the Heart

Planta Medica ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 78 (01) ◽  
pp. 6-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ba Nguyen ◽  
Georgios Kararigas ◽  
Wolfgang Wuttke ◽  
Hubertus Jarry
Keyword(s):  
Term Treatment ◽  
New Model ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Long Term Treatment

scholarly journals Arterial Thickness and Immunometabolism: The Mediating role of Chronic Exercise

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. M.M. Antunes ◽  
S. U. Cayres ◽  
F. S. Lira ◽  
R. A. Fernandes
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Exercise ◽  
Mediating Role

scholarly journals Increased FOXL2 Expression Alters Uterine Structures and Functions

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Li ◽  
San-Pin Wu ◽  
Lecong Zhou ◽  
Barbara Nicol ◽  
John P. Lydon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Endometrial Biopsy ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Mrna Levels ◽  
Over Expression ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
The Impact

AbstractTranscription factor FOXL2 exhibits an increase in mRNA levels in eutopic endometrial biopsy in endometriosis patients. While FOXL2 is known of regulating sex differentiation and reproductive function, the impact of elevated FOXL2 expression on uterine physiology remains unknown. To answer this question, we generated mice with over expression of FOXL2 (FOXL2OE) in the female reproductive tract by crossing Foxl2LsL/+ with the Pgrcre model. FOXL2OE uterus showed severe morphological abnormality including abnormal epithelial stratification, blunted adenogenesis, increased endometrial fibrosis and disrupted myometrial morphology. In contrast, increasing FOXL2 levels specifically in uterine epithelium by crossing the Foxl2LsL/+ with the Ltficre mice resulted in the eFOXL2OE mice with uterine epithelial stratification but without defects in endometrial fibrosis and adenogenesis, demonstrating a role of the endometrial stroma in the uterine abnormalities of the FOXL2OE mice. Transcriptomic analysis of 12 weeks old Pgrcre and FOXL2OE uterus at diestrus stage showed a positive correlation of FOXL2OE uterine transcriptome with human endometrium of endometriosis patients. Furthermore, we found FOXL2OE mice were sterile. The infertility was caused in part by a disruption of the hypophyseal ovarian axis resulting in an anovulatory phenotype. The FOXL2OE mice failed to show decidual responses during artificial decidualization in ovariectomized mice which demonstrates the uterine contribution to the infertility phenotype. These data supported that aberrantly increased FOXL2 expressions in the female reproductive tract can disrupt ovarian and uterine functions, particularly, may be involved in the progressions of endometriosis.

scholarly journals Cyclophilin A plays an important role in embryo implantation through activating Stat3

Reproduction ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 160 (3) ◽  
pp. 343-351
Author(s):  
Tao Yu ◽  
Shuai Lin ◽  
Rui Xu ◽  
Tian-Xi Du ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Embryo Implantation ◽  
Specific Inhibitor ◽  
Cyclophilin A ◽  
Cellular Functions ◽  
Ovariectomized Mice ◽  
Inflammatory Stimuli ◽  
Implantation Sites ◽  
Cypa Expression

Embryo implantation is a crucial step for the successful establishment of mammalian pregnancy. Cyclophilin A (CYPA) is a ubiquitously expressed intracellular protein and is secreted in response to inflammatory stimuli to regulate diverse cellular functions. However, there are currently no reports about the role of CYPA in embryo implantation. Here, we examine the expression pattern of CYPA during mouse early pregnancy and explore the potential role of CYPA during implantation. CYPA is expressed in the subluminal stroma surrounding the implanting blastocyst on day 5 of pregnancy, but not at inter-implantation sites. In ovariectomized mice, estrogen and progesterone significantly stimulate CYPA expression. When pregnant mice are injected intraperitoneally with CYPA inhibitor, the numbers of implantation sites are significantly reduced. Using an in vitro stromal cell culture system, Ppia siRNA knockdown of CYPA and CYPA-specific inhibitor treatment partially inhibits levels of CD147, MMP3 and MMP9. Decreased CYPA expression also significantly inhibits Stat3 activity and expands estrogen responsiveness. Taken together, CYPA may play an important role during mouse embryo implantation.

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