scholarly journals The role of AI technology in prediction, diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chaoran Yu ◽  
Ernest Johann Helwig
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment

MicroRNAs for Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haitao Mei ◽  
Yugang Wen
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Circulating Micrornas ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
The Past ◽  
Common Cancer ◽  
Disease Free

: Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most common cancer worldwide, with high morbidity and mortality rates. The diagnosis and treatment of CRC have the most significant value for disease-free survival. Early diagnosis and early surgical resection are generally considered to be the most effective ways to reduce CRC mortality. In the past few years, many researchers have focused on the role of microRNAs in different tumors, making the functions of microRNAs gradually clear. The present study reviews the role of microRNAs in the diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer. Compared with the usual diagnosis methods and biomarker, circulating microRNAs can be promising new effective biomarkers for CRCdiagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Role of oncogenic KRAS in the prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of colorectal cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gongmin Zhu ◽  
Lijiao Pei ◽  
Hongwei Xia ◽  
Qiulin Tang ◽  
Feng Bi
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Routine Clinical Practice ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Constitutive Activation ◽  
Downstream Signaling ◽  
Dismal Prognosis ◽  
Allele Specific ◽  
Kras Protein ◽  
Specific Inhibitors

AbstractColorectal cancer (CRC) is a heterogeneous disease at the cellular and molecular levels. Kirsten rat sarcoma (KRAS) is a commonly mutated oncogene in CRC, with mutations in approximately 40% of all CRC cases; its mutations result in constitutive activation of the KRAS protein, which acts as a molecular switch to persistently stimulate downstream signaling pathways, including cell proliferation and survival, thereby leading to tumorigenesis. Patients whose CRC harbors KRAS mutations have a dismal prognosis. Currently, KRAS mutation testing is a routine clinical practice before treating metastatic cases, and the approaches developed to detect KRAS mutations have exhibited favorable sensitivity and accuracy. Due to the presence of KRAS mutations, this group of CRC patients requires more precise therapies. However, KRAS was historically thought to be an undruggable target until the development of KRASG12C allele-specific inhibitors. These promising inhibitors may provide novel strategies to treat KRAS-mutant CRC. Here, we provide an overview of the role of KRAS in the prognosis, diagnosis and treatment of CRC.

scholarly journals Artificial Intelligence in Colorectal Cancer Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment. A New Era

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 1581-1607
Author(s):  
Athanasia Mitsala ◽  
Christos Tsalikidis ◽  
Michail Pitiakoudis ◽  
Constantinos Simopoulos ◽  
Alexandra K. Tsaroucha
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Incidence Rates ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Great Success ◽  
Computer Aided Detection ◽  
Medical Field ◽  
New Era

The development of artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms has permeated the medical field with great success. The widespread use of AI technology in diagnosing and treating several types of cancer, especially colorectal cancer (CRC), is now attracting substantial attention. CRC, which represents the third most commonly diagnosed malignancy in both men and women, is considered a leading cause of cancer-related deaths globally. Our review herein aims to provide in-depth knowledge and analysis of the AI applications in CRC screening, diagnosis, and treatment based on current literature. We also explore the role of recent advances in AI systems regarding medical diagnosis and therapy, with several promising results. CRC is a highly preventable disease, and AI-assisted techniques in routine screening represent a pivotal step in declining incidence rates of this malignancy. So far, computer-aided detection and characterization systems have been developed to increase the detection rate of adenomas. Furthermore, CRC treatment enters a new era with robotic surgery and novel computer-assisted drug delivery techniques. At the same time, healthcare is rapidly moving toward precision or personalized medicine. Machine learning models have the potential to contribute to individual-based cancer care and transform the future of medicine.

scholarly journals Role of Phenotypes of Circulating Tumor Cells in the Diagnosis and Treatment of Colorectal Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol Volume 13 ◽  
pp. 7077-7085
Author(s):  
Yuchen Zhong ◽  
Tianyi Ma ◽  
Tianyu Qiao ◽  
Hanqing Hu ◽  
Zhengliang Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment

scholarly journals The Biological Effect and Clinical Application of Long Noncoding RNAs in Colorectal Cancer

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 431-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenqiang Sun ◽  
Jinbo Liu ◽  
Chen Chen ◽  
Quanbo Zhou ◽  
Shuaixi Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Noncoding Rna ◽  
Wnt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
P53 Signaling ◽  
New Finding ◽  
Early Diagnose ◽  
P53 Signaling Pathway

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most common malignancies in the world. Easier recurrence and metastasis is the main cause of mortality in CRC patients, and the markers applied for diagnosis and treatment of CRC is still urgently needed to early diagnose and evaluate therapeutic effect. Long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) is a class of noncoding RNA that the length is more than 200 nucleotides. With the development of sequencing technique about transcriptome, increasing lncRNAs are focused on their function and mechanism related to the nosogenesis and pathology of CRC. Recent studies report that lncRNAs acted as crucial role in CRC and could be as biomarker for CRC diagnosis and treatment. In this review, we display the regulation of lncRNA by interacting with DNA, RNA and protein and highlight the double role of lncRNAs as oncogene or anti-tumor gene involved in Wnt signaling pathway, p53 signaling pathway or others to be an regulator in CRC development. Lastly, we discuss some new finding of lncRNAs, especially lncRNA in exosome, which could be as potential markers for diagnosis and treatment of CRC in future.

1763: Stage Migration of upper Tract Transitional Cell Carcinoma: An Argument for the Continued Role of Endourologic Diagnosis and Treatment

2004 ◽  
Vol 171 (4S) ◽  
pp. 466-466
Author(s):  
Stephen A. Boorjian ◽  
Casey K. Ng ◽  
Ravi Munver ◽  
R. Ernest Sosa ◽  
E. Darracott Vaughan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transitional Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Cell Carcinoma ◽  
Transitional Cell ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Stage Migration ◽  
Upper Tract

The Contemporary Role of Resection and Ablation in Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases

2020 ◽  
Vol 04 (03) ◽  
pp. 291-302
Author(s):  
Mariam F. Eskander ◽  
Christopher T. Aquina ◽  
Aslam Ejaz ◽  
Timothy M. Pawlik
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Portal Vein ◽  
Surgical Oncology ◽  
Portal Vein Ligation ◽  
Safe Alternative ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastases ◽  
Liver Remnant ◽  
New Era ◽  
Ablation Therapy

AbstractAdvances in the field of surgical oncology have turned metastatic colorectal cancer of the liver from a lethal disease to a chronic disease and have ushered in a new era of multimodal therapy for this challenging illness. A better understanding of tumor behavior and more effective systemic therapy have led to the increased use of neoadjuvant therapy. Surgical resection remains the gold standard for treatment but without the size, distribution, and margin restrictions of the past. Lesions are considered resectable if they can safely be removed with tumor-free margins and a sufficient liver remnant. Minimally invasive liver resections are a safe alternative to open surgery and may offer some advantages. Techniques such as portal vein embolization, association of liver partition with portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy, and radioembolization can be used to grow the liver remnant and allow for resection. If resection is not possible, nonresectional ablation therapy, including radiofrequency and microwave ablation, can be performed alone or in conjunction with resection. This article presents the most up-to-date literature on resection and ablation, with a discussion of current controversies and future directions.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum: novel concept of pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of Devic’s disease

2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (46) ◽  
pp. 2101-2109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Péter Csécsei ◽  
Anita Trauninger ◽  
Sámuel Komoly ◽  
Zsolt Illés
Keyword(s):  
Neuromyelitis Optica ◽  
Water Channel ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Permanent Disability ◽  
Therapeutic Decisions ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
The Brain

The identification of autoantibodies generated against the brain isoform water channel aquaporin4 in the sera of patients, changed the current diagnostic guidelines and concept of neuromyelitis optica (NMO). In a number of cases, clinical manifestation is spatially limited to myelitis or relapsing optic neuritis creating a diverse. NMO spectrum. Since prevention of relapses provides the only possibility to reduce permanent disability, early diagnosis and treatment is mandatory. In the present study, we discuss the potential role of neuroimaging and laboratory tests in differentiating the NMO spectrum from other diseases, as well as the diagnostic procedures and therapeutic options. We also present clinical cases, to provide examples of different clinical settings, diagnostic procedures and therapeutic decisions.

The Critical Role of the miR-21-MEG2 Axis in Colorectal Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (6) ◽  
pp. 509-518
Author(s):  
Zengtao Bao ◽  
Shanting Gao ◽  
Baoming Zhang ◽  
Wenchao Shi ◽  
Aimin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Critical Role

Role of exosomes in diagnosis and therapy of prostate cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (3) ◽  
pp. 399-405
Author(s):  
Fabrizio Fontana ◽  
Olga A. Babenko
Keyword(s):  
Prostate Cancer ◽  
Cancer Cells ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Biological Fluids ◽  
Diagnosis And Treatment ◽  
Diagnosis And Therapy ◽  
The Future ◽  
Important Direction ◽  
Potential Biomarkers

Aim of this letter is to attract the attention of journal readers to the study of exosomes as an important direction in the development of Oncology, in particular, in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer. Exosomes are produced by tumor cells and regulate proliferation, metastasis, and the development of chemoresistance. Their extraction from biological fluids allows further use of these vesicles as potential biomarkers of prostate cancer. In the future, exosomes can be successfully used in the delivery of drugs and other anti-tumor substances to cancer cells.

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