Exploring the stem cell and non-stem cell constituents of human breast milk

Objectives.Human breast milk contains a heterogeneous population of cells that have the potential to provide a noninvasive source of cells for cell therapy in many neurodegenerative diseases without any ethical concern. The objectives of this study were to differentiate the breast milk-derived stem cells (BMDSC) toward neural stem cells and then into the neurons and neuroglia.Materials and Methods.To do this, the BMDSC were isolated from human breast milk and cultured in Dulbecco’s modified Eagle medium/F12 (DMEM/F12) containing fibroblast growth factor (bFGF). The cells were then characterized by evaluation of the embryonic and stem cell markers. Then, the cells were exposed to culture medium containing 1% B27 and 2% N2 for 7–10 days followed by medium supplemented with B27, N2, bFGF 10 µg/mL, and endothelial growth factor (EGF) 20 µg/mL. Then, the sphere-forming assay was performed. The spheres were then differentiated into three neural lineages by withdrawing growth factor in the presence of 5% FBS (fetal bovine serum). The immunofluorescence was done forβ-tubulin III, O4, and GFAP (glial fibrillary acidic protein).Results.The results indicated that the cells expressed both embryonic and mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) markers. They also showed neurospheres formation that was nestin-positive. The cells were also differentiated into all three neural lineages.Conclusion.The BMDSC can behave in the same way with neural stem cells. They were differentiated into oligodendrocytes, and astrocytes as well as neurons.

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Breast Milk Stem Cell Survival in Neonate's Gut, Entery into Neonate Circulation and Adaption by the Body

Current Stem Cell Research & Therapy ◽

10.2174/1574888x14666191107095728 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 98-101 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Amit Ghosh

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Systemic Circulation ◽

The Body ◽

Future Research ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Cell Therapies ◽

Therapeutic Uses

: The stem cell exchange during pregnancy is thought to remain chimeras for life. Few studies recently revealed that maternal transfer of viable stem cells to the offspring continues even after birth during breastfeeding. Some of these stem cells are likely to be integrated into different organs (brain, blood, kidneys, and pancreas) including neurons and insulin-producing cells in the pancreas to become functional cells. This finding opens a new avenue for research on therapeutic uses of breast milk- derived stem cells. : Recently Dr. Foteini Hassiotou used glowing mice, which were genetically modified to express a gene called tdTomato that causes cells to appear red under fluorescence light. These mice were mated, and their babies were swapped with the pups of another, unmodified mother mouse. The new pups suckled the modified mouse and, as a result, obtained glowing red stem cells from breast milk. The study has never been replicated in humans, so it is not clear yet if the findings apply to humans as in the case of mice. However, the results of the study are the jumping-off points for future research on human breast milk stem cells and their possible application in stem cell therapies. Additional studies are necessary to understand the passage of human breast milk stem cells through the neonate’s GI tract, and passage to the systemic circulation.

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Potential of Ayurvedic Drugs in Differentiating Neuronal Stem Cells from Human Breast Milk: A Review

Nepal Journal of Biotechnology ◽

10.3126/njb.v7i1.26956 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 113-123

Author(s):

Rinki Kumari

Keyword(s):

Stem Cells ◽

Stem Cell ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Cell Types ◽

Human Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Cell Renewal ◽

Human Breast ◽

Neuronal Stem Cells ◽

Ayurvedic Drugs

Recently, Stem cell therapy has revolutionized excellent clinical therapy with the potential of stem cells to differentiate into various cell types and it may help to replace different cell lines of an organism. Frequent, clinical trials are carried out to merge the new scientific stem cell information and techniques with traditional knowledge and plant extracts that may result in less toxic, affordable, and highly available natural alternative therapeutics. Ayurveda, the traditional Indian system of medicine has given great emphasis to the promotion of health. Ayurveda therapies are based on the restoration of body balance and nourishment of dhatus. Rasayana concept of Ayurveda explains tissue regeneration and cell renewal. Rasayana drugs and therapies provide research opportunities for the biology of regeneration. Specific Medhya Rasayana stimulates and nourishes respective Medha (Dhi, Driti, and Smriti) dhatus. Interpretation of this description offers clues for specific differentiation of neuronal stem cells from human breast milk (HBM) in the presence of some herbal extracts. The previous studies suggest that neuronal stem cells differentiate from Human Breast Milk (Human mesenchymal stem cell) more effectively with Madhya Rasayana drugs. The present review highlights the potential of Ayurveda and its possible contributions in regenerative medicine.

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Association of sCD14 in human breast milk with child atopic dermatitis: Results of the Ulm Birth Cohort Study and the Ulm SPATZ Health Study

10.1055/s-0037-1605765 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

CA Logan ◽

J Weiss ◽

W Koenig ◽

V Walter ◽

H Brenner ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Atopic Dermatitis ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Birth Cohort ◽

Health Study ◽

Birth Cohort Study ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast

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Molecular Properties of Egg Allergen in Human Breast Milk and Its Physiological Function

Nippon Shokuhin Kagaku Kogaku Kaishi ◽

10.3136/nskkk.61.450 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 61 (9) ◽

pp. 450-454

Author(s):

Hiroshi Narita

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Physiological Function ◽

Molecular Properties ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast

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Organohalogen compounds in human breast milk from Republic of Buryatia, Russia

Environmental Pollution ◽

10.1016/j.envpol.2006.04.036 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 146 (1) ◽

pp. 225-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 85

Author(s):

Oyuna V. Tsydenova ◽

Agus Sudaryanto ◽

Natsuko Kajiwara ◽

Tatsuya Kunisue ◽

Valeriy B. Batoev ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Organohalogen Compounds

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Human breast milk suppresses the transcriptional regulation of IL-1β-induced NF-κB signaling in human intestinal cells

AJP Cell Physiology ◽

10.1152/ajpcell.00471.2003 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 287 (5) ◽

pp. C1404-C1411 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Ryoko Minekawa ◽

Takashi Takeda ◽

Masahiro Sakata ◽

Masami Hayashi ◽

Aki Isobe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Milk ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion Injury ◽

Ischemia Reperfusion ◽

Nuclear Factor Κb ◽

Protective Role ◽

Intestinal Cells ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Human Breast ◽

Activation Pathway

Neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC), which is a disease with a poor prognosis, is considered to be caused by the coincidence of intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury and systemic inflammation due to the colonization of pathogenic bacteria. Interleukin (IL)-8, a proinflammatory cytokine, plays an important role in the pathophysiology of NEC. It was recently reported that IL-1β activates the IL-8 gene by regulating the transcriptional nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) signaling pathways in intestinal cells. The protective role of maternal milk in NEC pathogenesis has been reported in both human and animal studies. In this study, we show that human breast milk dramatically suppressed the IL-1β-induced activation of the IL-8 gene promoter by inhibiting the activation pathway of NF-κB. Moreover, we also show that human breast milk induced the production of IκBα. These results suggest that human breast milk could be protective and therapeutic in neonates with NEC by inhibiting the activation pathway of NF-κB.

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Comparison of Vitamin D and 25-Hydroxyvitamin D Concentrations in Human Breast Milk between 1989 and 2016–2017

Nutrients ◽

10.3390/nu13020573 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 573

Author(s):

Naoko Tsugawa ◽

Mayu Nishino ◽

Akiko Kuwabara ◽

Honami Ogasawara ◽

Maya Kamao ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin D ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Sun Exposure ◽

Stepwise Multiple Regression ◽

Human Breast Milk ◽

Vitamin D Status ◽

Human Breast ◽

Hydroxyvitamin D ◽

Lactating Mothers ◽

25 Hydroxyvitamin D

Background: Breast milk is considered the optimal source of nutrition during infancy. Although the vitamin D concentration in human breast milk is generally considered poor for infants, vitamin D in breast milk is an important source for exclusively breastfed infants. Increases in vitamin D insufficiency and deficiency in lactating mothers may reduce vitamin D concentrations in breast milk. This study aimed to compare vitamin D and 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25OHD) concentrations in breast milk collected in 1989 and 2016–2017 and simultaneously analyze them with liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS); the association between the lifestyle of recent lactating mothers (2016–2017) and vitamin D status in human breast milk was also evaluated. Method: Lactating mothers were recruited from three regions of Japan in 1989 (n = 72) and 2016–2017 (n = 90), and milk from 3–4 months was collected in summer and winter. The samples were strictly sealed and stored at −80℃ until measurement. Breast milk vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations were analyzed by LC-MS/MS. Vitamin D intake, sun exposure, and sunscreen use of the lactating mothers in 2016–2017 were assessed. Results: Both vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations in breast milk were higher in the summer regardless of the survey year. Significantly lower vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations were observed in 2016–2017 compared with 1989 in summer, but no survey year difference was observed in winter. The stepwise multiple regression analyses identified season, daily outdoor activity, and suntan in the last 12 months as independent factors associated with vitamin D3 concentrations. Conclusion: The results suggest that low vitamin D status in recent lactating mothers may have decreased vitamin D and 25OHD concentrations in breast milk compared with the 1980s. These results are helpful for developing public health strategies to improve vitamin D status in lactating mothers and infants.

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