scholarly journals Performability of Actions

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janusz Czelakowski
Keyword(s):  
Action Theory ◽  
Dynamic Logic ◽  
Completeness Theorem ◽  
Axiom System ◽  
Formal Ontology ◽  
Strong Completeness ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
System Equation ◽  
Central Result

AbstractAction theory may be regarded as a theoretical foundation of AI, because it provides in a logically coherent way the principles of performing actions by agents. But, more importantly, action theory offers a formal ontology mainly based on set-theoretic constructs. This ontology isolates various types of actions as structured entities: atomic, sequential, compound, ordered, situational actions etc., and it is a solid and non-removable foundation of any rational activity. The paper is mainly concerned with a bunch of issues centered around the notion of performability of actions. It seems that the problem of performability of actions, though of basic importance for purely practical applications, has not been investigated in the literature in a systematic way thus far. This work, being a companion to the book as reported (Czelakowski in Freedom and enforcement in action. Elements of formal action theory, Springer 2015), elaborates the theory of performability of actions based on relational models and formal constructs borrowed from formal lingusistics. The discussion of performability of actions is encapsulated in the form of a strict logical system "Equation missing". This system is semantically defined in terms of its intended models in which the role of actions of various types (atomic, sequential and compound ones) is accentuated. Since due to the nature of compound actions the system "Equation missing" is not finitary, other semantic variants of "Equation missing" are defined. The focus in on the system "Equation missing" of performability of finite compound actions. An adequate axiom system for "Equation missing" is defined. The strong completeness theorem is the central result. The role of the canonical model in the proof of the completeness theorem is highlighted. The relationship between performability of actions and dynamic logic is also discussed.

The role of the Big Five personality factors in vigilance performance and workload

2002 ◽  
Vol 16 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia Laurie Rose ◽  
Laura Bennett Murphy ◽  
Lynn Byard ◽  
Katherina Nikzad
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Times ◽  
Personality Factors ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Perceptual Sensitivity ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Perceived Workload ◽  
Big Five Personality Factors ◽  
Task Parameters

Using the five‐factor personality model, the present study explored the influence of personality factors on sustained attention and perceived workload. Ninety‐six college‐aged participants were administered a 12 minute vigilance fast event rate task. Following the vigil, participants were asked to first, rate their perceived workload of the task using the NASA‐TLX, and then second, complete the NEO‐PI‐R personality inventory. Traditional measures of hits, false alarms, and reaction times were examined as well as the signal detection indices of perceptual sensitivity and response bias. Extraversion correlated with false alarms (r = 0.181; eta2 = 0.055) and conscientiousness correlated with both false alarms (r = −0.275, eta2 = 0.097) and perceptual sensitivity (r = 0.227, eta2 = 0.052). With regard to perceived workload, neuroticism was related to perceived frustration (r = 0.238, eta2 = 0.057). The findings are discussed in terms of theoretical implications, impact of task parameters, and practical applications. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

Managing uncertainty in a general insurance company

1990 ◽  
Vol 117 (2) ◽  
pp. 173-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. D. Daykin ◽  
G. B. Hey
Keyword(s):  
Computer Model ◽  
Flow Model ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Simulation Methods ◽  
Insurance Company ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
General Insurance ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
The Impact

AbstractA cash flow model is proposed as a way of analysing uncertainty in the future development of a general insurance company. The company is modelled alongside the market in aggregate so that the impact of changes in premium rates relative to the market can be assessed. An extensive computer model is developed along these lines, intended for use in practical applications by actuaries advising the management of genera1 insurance companies. Simulation methods are used to explore the consequences of uncertainty, particularly in regard to inflation and investments. Some comments are made on the role of actuaries in general insurance. Alternative approaches to describing the behaviour of an insurance firm in the market are considered.

Sentiment Analysis with Text Mining in Contexts of Big Data

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carina Sofia Andrade ◽  
Maribel Yasmina Santos
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Text Mining ◽  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Information Models ◽  
Evolution Of Technology ◽  
The Common ◽  
Analyse Data

The evolution of technology, along with the common use of different devices connected to the Internet, provides a vast growth in the volume and variety of data that are daily generated at high velocity, phenomenon commonly denominated as Big Data. Related with this, several Text Mining techniques make possible the extraction of useful insights from that data, benefiting the decision-making process across multiple areas, using the information, models, patterns or tendencies that these techniques are able to identify. With Sentiment Analysis, it is possible to understand which sentiments and opinions are implicit in this data. This paper proposes an architecture for Sentiment Analysis that uses data from the Twitter, which is able to collect, store, process and analyse data on a real-time fashion. To demonstrate its utility, practical applications are developed using real world examples where Sentiment Analysis brings benefits when applied. With the presented demonstration case, it is possible to verify the role of each used technology and the techniques adopted for Sentiment Analysis.

Total Productive Maintenance: Competing or Complementary to other Initiatives?

2013 ◽  
Vol 315 ◽  
pp. 472-476
Author(s):  
Adnan Hj. Bakri ◽  
Abdul Rahman Abdul Rahim ◽  
Noordin Mohd Yusof
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Manufacturing Industry ◽  
Short Review ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Total Productive Maintenance ◽  
Quality Initiatives ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Manufacturing Organization

The objective of this short review paper is to examine the practical applications of Total Productive Maintenance (TPM) in the manufacturing industry. In this short review, an attempt was made to critically discuss the previous literatures related to TPM with the other established quality initiatives in the manufacturing, such as Total Quality Management (TQM) and Just-In-Time practice (JIT). This literature review-based research revealed an important research gaps related to TPM. The significance role of TPM as an important complementary to either TQM or JIT initiative is observed not been well addressed in the available literatures. Most of the researches available investigate these initiatives separately, focuses on the other element rather than addressing on the significant role of TPM as one of the main thrust. The separate implementation of such quality initiatives in the manufacturing organization means the requirement of large scale human, financial and technical resources as well the associated problems of running competing project in the company. The outcomes from this review justify the needs of further research in the area of TPM integration with other available initiatives, to further enhance its methodology aimed at solidifying its philosophy towards more realistic practical applications.

Quantum Dots in basic research and practical applications: the role of size and quasi-multivalency

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Salova ◽  
T.N. Belyaeva ◽  
V.V. Kosheverova ◽  
E.A. Leontieva ◽  
M.V. Kharchenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Basic Research ◽  
Practical Applications

scholarly journals The Role of Cyclodextrins in the Design and Development of Triterpene-Based Therapeutic Agents

2022 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 736
Author(s):  
Alexandra Prodea ◽  
Alexandra Mioc ◽  
Christian Banciu ◽  
Cristina Trandafirescu ◽  
Andreea Milan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Solubility ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Biological Behavior ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Starch Derivatives ◽  
Solubility Enhancers ◽  
Low Solubility

Triterpenic compounds stand as a widely investigated class of natural compounds due to their remarkable therapeutic potential. However, their use is currently being hampered by their low solubility and, subsequently, bioavailability. In order to overcome this drawback and increase the therapeutic use of triterpenes, cyclodextrins have been introduced as water solubility enhancers; cyclodextrins are starch derivatives that possess hydrophobic internal cavities that can incorporate lipophilic molecules and exterior surfaces that can be subjected to various derivatizations in order to improve their biological behavior. This review aims to summarize the most recent achievements in terms of triterpene:cyclodextrin inclusion complexes and bioconjugates, emphasizing their practical applications including the development of new isolation and bioproduction protocols, the elucidation of their underlying mechanism of action, the optimization of triterpenes’ therapeutic effects and the development of new topical formulations.

scholarly journals A Study of Dramatic Action and Emotion Using a Systematic Scan of Stick Figure Configurations

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noa Raindel ◽  
Yuvalal Liron ◽  
Uri Alon
Keyword(s):  
Action Theory ◽  
Upper Body ◽  
Emotional States ◽  
Body Postures ◽  
Stick Figure ◽  
Human Interactions ◽  
Dramatic Action ◽  
Low Dimensional ◽  
Action Verbs

Comprehending the meaning of body postures is essential for social organisms such as humans. For example, it is important to understand at a glance whether two people seen at a distance are in a friendly or conflictual interaction. However, it is still unclear what fraction of the possible body configurations carry meaning, and what is the best way to characterize such meaning. Here, we address this by using stick figures as a low-dimensional, yet evocative, representation of body postures. We systematically scanned a set of 1,470 upper-body postures of stick figures in a dyad with a second stick figure with a neutral pose. We asked participants to rate the stick figure in terms of 20 emotion adjectives like sad or triumphant and in terms of eight active verbs that connote intent like to threaten and to comfort. The stick figure configuration space was dense with meaning: people strongly agreed on more than half of the configurations. The meaning was generally smooth in the sense that small changes in posture had a small effect on the meaning, but certain small changes had a large effect. Configurations carried meaning in both emotions and intent, but the intent verbs covered more configurations. The effectiveness of the intent verbs in describing body postures aligns with a theory, originating from the theater, called dramatic action theory. This suggests that, in addition to the well-studied role of emotional states in describing body language, much can be gained by using also dramatic action verbs which signal the effort to change the state of others. We provide a dictionary of stick figure configurations and their perceived meaning. This systematic scan of body configurations might be useful to teaching people and machines to decipher body postures in human interactions.

scholarly journals The relationship between alexithymia and shyness in nursing students with mediating roles of loneliness and social identity

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-47
Author(s):  
Alireza Sangani ◽  
Paria Jangi
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Students ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Structural Equation ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Practical Applications

Background: Shyness is a main cause of poor results in the educational environment. The present study aimed at studying relationship between alexithymia (the inability to recognize or describe one’s own emotions) and shyness in nursing students, with mediating roles of loneliness and social identity. Methods: This descriptive-correlational study was based on structural equation modeling, specific regression equations, and a statistical population of 658 nursing students at Ahvaz University of Medical Sciences in 2018. A sample of 331 students was selected. To collect the data, Toronto’s Alexithymia Scale, Russell, Peplau and Cutrona’s Loneliness Scale, Safarinia’s Social Identity Questionnaire and Briggs, Cheek and Buss’ Shyness Scale were used. Results: The findings from regression analysis showed that there was a direct effect between alexithymia and shyness and an indirect effect between alexithymia and shyness with mediating factors of loneliness and social identity (P<0.01). In total, alexithymia, feelings of loneliness, and perception of social identity had a predictive power of 0.51% of shyness. Conclusion: The results of this study show the effect of alexithymia and the role of moderating influences on feelings of loneliness and social identity perceptions and shyness among nursing students, which can provide useful practical applications to advisers and trainers in order to improve the psychological state of nursing students.

scholarly journals Representation and Reasoning about Strategic Abilities with ω-Regular Properties

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (23) ◽  
pp. 3052
Author(s):  
Liping Xiong ◽  
Sumei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Logic ◽  
Linear Time ◽  
Dynamic Logic ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Regular Expressions ◽  
Multi Agent Systems ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Multi Agent ◽  
Strategy Logic ◽  
Active Research

Specification and verification of coalitional strategic abilities have been an active research area in multi-agent systems, artificial intelligence, and game theory. Recently, many strategic logics, e.g., Strategy Logic (SL) and alternating-time temporal logic (ATL*), have been proposed based on classical temporal logics, e.g., linear-time temporal logic (LTL) and computational tree logic (CTL*), respectively. However, these logics cannot express general ω-regular properties, the need for which are considered compelling from practical applications, especially in industry. To remedy this problem, in this paper, based on linear dynamic logic (LDL), proposed by Moshe Y. Vardi, we propose LDL-based Strategy Logic (LDL-SL). Interpreted on concurrent game structures, LDL-SL extends SL, which contains existential/universal quantification operators about regular expressions. Here we adopt a branching-time version. This logic can express general ω-regular properties and describe more programmed constraints about individual/group strategies. Then we study three types of fragments (i.e., one-goal, ATL-like, star-free) of LDL-SL. Furthermore, we show that prevalent strategic logics based on LTL/CTL*, such as SL/ATL*, are exactly equivalent with those corresponding star-free strategic logics, where only star-free regular expressions are considered. Moreover, results show that reasoning complexity about the model-checking problems for these new logics, including one-goal and ATL-like fragments, is not harder than those of corresponding SL or ATL*.

Exploring the Role of Project Management in the Development of the Academic Agile Software Discourse: A Bibliometric Analysis

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Lechler ◽  
Siwen Yang
Keyword(s):  
Project Management ◽  
Software Development ◽  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Agile Methods ◽  
Management Research ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Time Periods ◽  
Agile Software

The practical applications of agile methods and their impact on the productivity and efficiency of software development dominate the agile literature. We analyzed 827 academic articles with bibliometric techniques to explore the role project management research played in the development of the academic agile discourse. Bibliometric analyses over two time periods reveal that project management–related topics form a distinct stream of research in the second time period but not in the first. Furthermore, our results reveal that the academic agile discussion has been mainly unidirectional. This situation offers many opportunities for project management researchers to contribute to the agile discourse.

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