Fibrillar collagen assembled in the presence of glycosaminoglycans to constitute bioartificial stem cell niches in vitro

2005 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 581-585 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Salchert ◽  
J. Oswald ◽  
U. Streller ◽  
M. Grimmer ◽  
N. Herold ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Fibrillar Collagen ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

scholarly journals Designing stem cell niches for differentiation and self-renewal

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (145) ◽  
pp. 20180388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah Donnelly ◽  
Manuel Salmeron-Sanchez ◽  
Matthew J. Dalby
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Regulatory Networks ◽  
Regulatory Mechanisms ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Regenerative Capacity ◽  
Cell Niche ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

Mesenchymal stem cells, characterized by their ability to differentiate into skeletal tissues and self-renew, hold great promise for both regenerative medicine and novel therapeutic discovery. However, their regenerative capacity is retained only when in contact with their specialized microenvironment, termed the stem cell niche . Niches provide structural and functional cues that are both biochemical and biophysical, stem cells integrate this complex array of signals with intrinsic regulatory networks to meet physiological demands. Although, some of these regulatory mechanisms remain poorly understood or difficult to harness with traditional culture systems. Biomaterial strategies are being developed that aim to recapitulate stem cell niches, by engineering microenvironments with physiological-like niche properties that aim to elucidate stem cell-regulatory mechanisms, and to harness their regenerative capacity in vitro . In the future, engineered niches will prove important tools for both regenerative medicine and therapeutic discoveries.

Designing and Engineering Stem Cell Niches

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (8) ◽  
pp. 591-596 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana I. Teixeira ◽  
Ola Hermanson ◽  
Carsten Werner
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Biology ◽  
Chemical Engineering ◽  
Polyglycolic Acid ◽  
Differentiated Cells ◽  
Extracellular Matrix Components ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

AbstractStem cells have received a lot of attention due to great promises in medical treatment, for example, by replacing lost and sick cells and re-constituting cell populations. There are several classes of stem cells, including embryonic, fetal, and adult tissue specific. More recently, the generation of so-called induced pluripotent stem (iPS) cells from differentiated cells has been established. Common criteria for all types of stem cells include their ability to self-renew and to retain their ability to differentiate in response to specific cues. These characteristics, as well as the instructive steering of the cells into differentiation, are largely dependent on the microenvironment surrounding the cells. Such “stem cell friendly” microenvironments, provided by structural and biochemical components, are often referred to as niches. Biomaterials offer attractive solutions to engineer functional stem cell niches and to steer stem cell state and fatein vitroas well asin vivo. Among materials used so far, promising results have been achieved with low-toxicity and biodegradable polymers, such as polyglycolic acid and related materials, as well as other polymers used as structural “scaffolds” for engineering of extracellular matrix components. To improve the efficiency of stem cell control and the design of the biomaterials, interfaces among stem cell research, developmental biology, regenerative medicine, chemical engineering, and materials research are rapidly developing. Here we provide an introduction to stem cell biology and principles of niche engineering and give an overview of recent advancements in stem cell niche engineering from two stem cell systems—blood and brain.

The presence of stem cells in potential stem cell niches of the intervertebral disc region: an in vitro study on rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 24 (11) ◽  
pp. 2411-2424 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Shi ◽  
Feng Wang ◽  
Xin Hong ◽  
Yun-Tao Wang ◽  
Jun-Ping Bao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Intervertebral Disc ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Vitro Study ◽  
Disc Region ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

scholarly journals Remodeling the Human Adult Stem Cell Niche for Regenerative Medicine Applications

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Silvana Bardelli ◽  
Marco Moccetti
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Regenerative Medicine ◽  
Translational Medicine ◽  
Process Development ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Adult Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Renewal ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

The interactions between stem cells and their surrounding microenvironment are pivotal to determine tissue homeostasis and stem cell renewal or differentiation and regenerationin vivo. Ever since they were postulated in 1978, stem cell niches have been identified and characterized in many germline and adult tissues. Comprehensive studies over the last decades helped to clarify the critical components of stem cell niches that include cellular, extracellular, biochemical, molecular, and physical regulators. This knowledge has direct impact on their inherent regenerative potential. Clinical applications demand readily available cell sources that, under controlled conditions, provide a specific therapeutic function. Thus, translational medicine aims at optimizingin vitroorin vivothe various components and complex architecture of the niche to exploit its therapeutic potential. Accordingly, the objective is to recreate the natural niche microenvironment during cell therapy process development and closely comply with the requests of regulatory authorities. In this paper, we review the most recent advances of translational medicine approaches that target the adult stem cell natural niche microenvironment for regenerative medicine applications.

scholarly journals Generation of Human Stomach Cancer iPSC-Derived Organoids Induced by Helicobacter pylori Infection and Their Application to Gastric Cancer Research

Cells ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 184
Author(s):  
Chia-Chen Ku ◽  
Kenly Wuputra ◽  
Jia-Bin Pan ◽  
Chia-Pei Li ◽  
Chung-Jung Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Helicobacter Pylori ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stomach Cancer ◽  
Anticancer Agents ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Human Stomach ◽  
Human Stomach Cancer ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

There is considerable cellular diversity in the human stomach, which has helped to clarify cell plasticity in normal development and tumorigenesis. Thus, the stomach is an interesting model for understanding cellular plasticity and for developing prospective anticancer therapeutic agents. However, many questions remain regarding the development of cancers in vivo and in vitro in two- or three-dimensional (2D/3D) cultures, as well as the role of Helicobacter pylori (H. p.) infection. Here, we focus on the characteristics of cancer stem cells and their derived 3D organoids in culture, including the formation of stem cell niches. We define the conditions required for such organoid culture in vitro and examine the ability of such models for testing the use of anticancer agents. We also summarize the signaling cascades and the specific markers of stomach-cancer-derived organoids induced by H. p. infection, and their stem cell niches.

scholarly journals Phage-Based Artificial Niche: The Recent Progress and Future Opportunities in Stem Cell Therapy

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kshitiz Raj Shrestha ◽  
So Young Yoo
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Stem Cell Niche ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Effective Performance ◽  
Cell Niche ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

Self-renewal and differentiation of stem cells can be the best option for treating intractable diseases in regenerative medicine, and they occur when these cells reside in a special microenvironment, called the “stem cell niche.” Thus, the niche is crucial for the effective performance of the stem cells in bothin vivoandin vitrosince the niche provides its functional cues by interacting with stem cells chemically, physically, or topologically. This review provides a perspective on the different types of artificial niches including engineered phage and how they could be used to recapitulate or manipulate stem cell niches. Phage-based artificial niche engineering as a promising therapeutic strategy for repair and regeneration of tissues is also discussed.

Characterization of the Novel Function of Cyclin A1 to Influence the Stem Cell Niche and Microenvironment Signaling in Mouse Model

Blood ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 118 (21) ◽  
pp. 2338-2338
Author(s):  
Regina R Miftakhova ◽  
Andreas Hedblom ◽  
Anders Bredberg ◽  
Debra J Wolgemuth ◽  
Jenny L Persson
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Bone Marrow ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Radiation Exposure ◽  
Progenitor Cells ◽  
Cyclin A1 ◽  
Hematopoietic Stem ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

Abstract Abstract 2338 The molecules and cellular mechanisms that regulate pool size of hematopoietic stem cells and its association with stem cell niches to protect HSC from cell cycle-dependent injury are unclear. The cell cycle regulatory factor, cyclin A1 is overexpressed in patients with hematopoietic malignancies. Further, targeted overexpression of cyclin A1 in myeloid progenitor cells initiated acute myeloid leukemia in transgenic mice. In the present study, we investigated the role of cyclin A1 in controlling the HSC pool and its functional association with key molecules that regulate stem cell niches under steady-state conditions or following the cytokine stimulation or radiation exposure in vivo and in vitro. We reported that cyclin A1 null bone marrow displayed a significant increase in the frequency of stem cells (P<0,01) and increased expression of P27kip and increased phosphorylation of Akt at ser-473 site in HSCs and hematopoietic progenitors. We further showed that increased frequency and number of cyclin A1 null HSCs was associated with the increased expression BMP receptor type IA that is known as a key molecule controlling the HSC niche. In addition, cyclin A1 null HSCs exhibited increased ability to migrate as determined by in vitro migration assay, and bone marrow transplantation assay, and this correlated with the increased expression of MMP9, that is known for controlling the osteoblast cell expansion, and the accumulated nuclear localization of angiogenic and vascularization factor VEGFR2 in cyclin A1 null bone marrow cells. We also observed that IRSp53 that is a regulator for extracellular matrix signaling, was present in the nuclear compartments of cyclin A1 null bone marrow progenitor cells, but was absent in that of the wild-type controls. Further, flow cytometry and immunoblot analyses showed that cyclin A1 null HSCs and progenitor cells exhibited relatively resistant to TNF stimulation and the radiation exposure, and this was associated with the great increase in the expression of phosporylated of ser-473 Akt. Our findings suggest that the microenvironment may be altered in bone marrows from cyclin A1 null mice. Thus cyclin A1 may have important function in the decision of maintaining the HSC pools and protecting the HSCs and progenitors from exposure to the external agents by regulating the interaction between the HSCs/progenitor cells and bone marrow environment. Disclosures: No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

scholarly journals Impact of developmental origin, niche mechanics and oxygen availability on osteogenic differentiation capacity of mesenchymal stem/stromal cells

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Bryniarska ◽  
Andrzej Kubiak ◽  
Anna Łabędź-Masłowska ◽  
Ewa Zuba-Surma
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Osteogenic Differentiation ◽  
Oxygen Concentration ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Atmospheric Oxygen ◽  
Osteogenic Potential ◽  
Promising Source ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

Mesenchymal Stem/Stromal Cells (MSCs) have been widely considered as a promising source of cells for tissue regeneration. Among other stem cells, they are characterized by a high osteogenic potential. Intensive studies in this field had shown that even if basic osteogenic differentiation is relatively simple, its clinical application requires more sophisticated approaches to prepare effective and safe cell therapy products. The aim of this review is to underline biological, physical and chemical factors which play a crucial role in osteogenic differentiation of MSCs. Existence of two distinct mechanisms of ossification (intramembranous and endochondral) indicate that choosing a proper source of MSCs may be critical for successful regeneration of a particular bone type. In this context, Dental Pulp Stem Cells representing a group of MSCs and originating from neural crest ( a structure responsible for development of cranial bones) are considered as the most promising for skull bone defect repair. Factors which facilitate osteogenic differentiation of MSCs include changes in forces exerted on cells during development. Thus, culturing of cells in hydrogels or on biocompatible three-dimensional scaffolds improves osteogenic differentiation of MSCs by both, the mechanotransductive and chemical impact on cells. Moreover, atmospheric oxygen concentration routinely used for cell cultures in vitro does not correspond to lower oxygen concentration present in stem cell niches. A decrease in oxygen concentration allows to create more physiological cell culture conditions, mimicking the ones in stem cell niches, which promote the MSCs stemness. Altogether, factors discussed in this review provide exciting opportunities to boost MSCs propagation and osteogenic differentiation which is crucial for successful clinical applications.

scholarly journals Distinct Expression Patterns of Cxcl12 in Mesenchymal Stem Cell Niches of Intact and Injured Rodent Teeth

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 3024
Author(s):  
Pierfrancesco Pagella ◽  
César Nombela-Arrieta ◽  
Thimios A. Mitsiadis
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Dental Pulp ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Pulp Tissue ◽  
And Migration ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

Specific stem cell populations within dental mesenchymal tissues guarantee tooth homeostasis and regeneration throughout life. The decision between renewal and differentiation of stem cells is greatly influenced by interactions with stromal cells and extracellular matrix molecules that form the tissue specific stem cell niches. The Cxcl12 chemokine is a general marker of stromal cells and plays fundamental roles in the maintenance, mobilization and migration of stem cells. The aim of this study was to exploit Cxcl12-GFP transgenic mice to study the expression patterns of Cxcl12 in putative dental niches of intact and injured teeth. We showed that endothelial and stromal cells expressed Cxcl12 in the dental pulp tissue of both intact molars and incisors. Isolated non-endothelial Cxcl12+ dental pulp cells cultured in different conditions in vitro exhibited expression of both adipogenic and osteogenic markers, thus suggesting that these cells possess multipotent fates. Taken together, our results show that Cxcl12 is widely expressed in intact and injured teeth and highlight its importance as a key component of the various dental mesenchymal stem cell niches.

scholarly journals Biofabrication of Artificial Stem Cell Niches in the Anterior Ocular Segment

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 135
Author(s):  
Veronica Hidalgo-Alvarez ◽  
Hala S. Dhowre ◽  
Olivia A. Kingston ◽  
Carl M. Sheridan ◽  
Hannah J. Levis
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cell ◽  
Vision Loss ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Anterior Segment ◽  
Cell Phenotype ◽  
Complex Nature ◽  
Cell Therapies ◽  
Therapeutic Implications ◽  
Stem Cell Niches

The anterior segment of the eye is a complex set of structures that collectively act to maintain the integrity of the globe and direct light towards the posteriorly located retina. The eye is exposed to numerous physical and environmental insults such as infection, UV radiation, physical or chemical injuries. Loss of transparency to the cornea or lens (cataract) and dysfunctional regulation of intra ocular pressure (glaucoma) are leading causes of worldwide blindness. Whilst traditional therapeutic approaches can improve vision, their effect often fails to control the multiple pathological events that lead to long-term vision loss. Regenerative medicine approaches in the eye have already had success with ocular stem cell therapy and ex vivo production of cornea and conjunctival tissue for transplant recovering patients’ vision. However, advancements are required to increase the efficacy of these as well as develop other ocular cell therapies. One of the most important challenges that determines the success of regenerative approaches is the preservation of the stem cell properties during expansion culture in vitro. To achieve this, the environment must provide the physical, chemical and biological factors that ensure the maintenance of their undifferentiated state, as well as their proliferative capacity. This is likely to be accomplished by replicating the natural stem cell niche in vitro. Due to the complex nature of the cell microenvironment, the creation of such artificial niches requires the use of bioengineering techniques which can replicate the physico-chemical properties and the dynamic cell–extracellular matrix interactions that maintain the stem cell phenotype. This review discusses the progress made in the replication of stem cell niches from the anterior ocular segment by using bioengineering approaches and their therapeutic implications.

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