scholarly journals Impact of decision-making system in social navigation

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonatan Ginés Clavero ◽  
Francisco Martín Rico ◽  
Francisco J. Rodríguez-Lera ◽  
José Miguel Guerrero Hernandéz ◽  
Vicente Matellán Olivera
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Real World ◽  
Navigation System ◽  
Cognitive Architecture ◽  
Public Repository ◽  
Social Navigation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Tasks ◽  
Decision Making System

AbstractFacing human activity-aware navigation with a cognitive architecture raises several difficulties integrating the components and orchestrating behaviors and skills to perform social tasks. In a real-world scenario, the navigation system should not only consider individuals like obstacles. It is necessary to offer particular and dynamic people representation to enhance the HRI experience. The robot’s behaviors must be modified by humans, directly or indirectly. In this paper, we integrate our human representation framework in a cognitive architecture to allow that people who interact with the robot could modify its behavior, not only with the interaction but also with their culture or the social context. The human representation framework represents and distributes the proxemic zones’ information in a standard way, through a cost map. We have evaluated the influence of the decision-making system in human-aware navigation and how a local planner may be decisive in this navigation. The material developed during this research can be found in a public repository (https://github.com/IntelligentRoboticsLabs/social_navigation2_WAF) and instructions to facilitate the reproducibility of the results.

scholarly journals Incorporating the social context into neurocognitive models of adolescent decision-making: A neuroimaging meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 101 ◽  
pp. 129-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorien van Hoorn ◽  
Holly Shablack ◽  
Kristen A. Lindquist ◽  
Eva H. Telzer
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals Prosocial Influence and Opportunistic Conformity in Adolescents and Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 31 (12) ◽  
pp. 1585-1601 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriele Chierchia ◽  
Blanca Piera Pi-Sunyer ◽  
Sarah-Jayne Blakemore
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Social Influence ◽  
Social Decision ◽  
Charitable Donations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Decision Making ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Value Of Money

Adolescence is associated with heightened social influence, especially from peers. This can lead to detrimental decision-making in domains such as risky behavior but may also raise opportunities for prosocial behavior. We used an incentivized charitable-donations task to investigate how people revise decisions after learning about the donations of others and how this is affected by age ( N = 220; age range = 11–35 years). Our results showed that the probability of social influence decreased with age within this age range. In addition, whereas previous research has suggested that adults are more likely to conform to the behavior of selfish others than to the behavior of prosocial others, here we observed no evidence of such an asymmetry in midadolescents. We discuss possible interpretations of these findings in relation to the social context of the task, the perceived value of money, and social decision-making across development.

Recurrent gestures

Gesture ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-244
Author(s):  
David McNeill
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Self ◽  
The Social ◽  
Inside View ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Social Deixis ◽  
Interior View ◽  
Gesture Production

Abstract Using recurrent gestures as the model, this essay considers how an inside-looking-out view of speech-gesture production reflects the interactive-social exterior. The inside view may appear to ignore the social context of speaking and gesture, but this is far from the truth. What an exterior view sees as important appears in the interior but in a different way. The difference leads to misunderstandings of the interior view and what it does. It is not a substitute for the exterior. It is the interior reflecting the social exterior and shaping it to fit its own demands. Topics are: recurrent gestures; gesture-speech co-expressivity; expunged real-world goals; “in-betweenness”; phenomenological “inhabitance” and material carriers; metaphoricity and imagery; social deixis and social relations; realizations of the self; world-views; and lastly the want of mutual outside and inside intellectual perceptions and what can be done about it.

An Autonomy-Based Argument for Democracy

2021 ◽  
pp. 194-226
Author(s):  
James Lindley Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Second Order ◽  
Ideal Self ◽  
Political Equality ◽  
Common Life ◽  
First Order ◽  
The Social

Democracy uniquely respects an important set of persons’ autonomy claims. Along with standard first-order autonomy claims to act without interference, persons have second-order autonomy claims to authority over the social context of their choice. These second-order claims are grounded in the same ideal self-direction that grounds first-order claims. One triggers another’s second-order claims when one directs another’s will by shaping the context of her choice, or when one implicates another’s will by shaping the nature of her responsibility for her actions. When a basic structure exists in which individuals continuously direct and implicate one another’s wills, each person has a second-order autonomy claim to authority over the terms of that structure. Because each person is equally entitled to respect for her autonomy, each is equally entitled to authority over the basic structure. Political equality—the equal authority of each citizen over the terms of common life—therefore uniquely respects these autonomy claims of each citizen. We therefore have non-instrumental, autonomy-based reasons to support democratic decision-making.

Punishing Bodies: British Prison Film and the Spectacle of Masculinity

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dario Llinares
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Real World ◽  
The Other ◽  
Male Body ◽  
The Social ◽  
British Cinema ◽  
Sociology Of Punishment ◽  
The One

Prison films are beset by a fundamental paradox. Because mainstream film is reliant on a combination of the pleasure of the visual and the dramatic structuring of narrative, institutionalised incarceration based on the loss of liberty, extended temporal control and physical spatial restriction would seem to be fundamentally at odds with ‘the cinematic’. Prison as depicted on-screen is therefore a space in which visibly enacted retribution is foregrounded in a mode much more akin to what Foucault calls the pre-modern ‘theatres of torture’. The routinised banality of day-to-day life behind bars is eschewed in favour of the spectacle of the masculine body punishing or being violently punished. British cinema is replete with films set in prison, however, as the first part of this article explores, and academic analyses of such films are formulated around three discursive strands: debates around the constitution of the prison film as a genre, discussions of the potential relationship between cinematic representations and the ‘real-world’ sociology of punishment, and assertions about how national identity is reflected. The second part of this article deploys a comparative analysis of Nicolas Winding Refn's Bronson (2008) and Steve McQueen's Hunger (2008), examining what is often taken for granted in previous work, namely how the environment of incarceration is produced as an aesthetic, social and even ontological space that contextualises and materialises a link between masculinity, violence and spectacle. I argue that the microcosm of the prison, on the one hand, reasserts the male body as the root of physical ‘being-ness’, yet on the other, reveals masculinity as a constructed performance determined by the social context of incarceration and amplified through cinematic aesthetics.

Theoretical and Empirical Insights into Ethical Decision Making: The Role of the Social Context

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (1) ◽  
pp. 13452
Author(s):  
Bruce Barry ◽  
Oyku Arkan ◽  
Joseph P. Gaspar ◽  
Brian Gunia ◽  
Jessica Alynn Kennedy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Ethical Decision ◽  
Ethical Decision Making ◽  
The Social

scholarly journals Emotions and decisions in the real world: What can we learn from quasi-field experiments?

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243044
Author(s):  
Syon P. Bhanot ◽  
Daphne Chang ◽  
Julia Lee Cunningham ◽  
Matthew Ranson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Real World ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Negative Emotion ◽  
Sports Fans ◽  
The Social ◽  
Powerful Approach ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biased Estimates

Researchers in the social sciences have increasingly studied how emotions influence decision-making. We argue that research on emotions arising naturally in real-world environments is critical for the generalizability of insights in this domain, and therefore to the development of this field. Given this, we argue for the increased use of the “quasi-field experiment” methodology, in which participants make decisions or complete tasks after as-if-random real-world events determine their emotional state. We begin by providing the first critical review of this emerging literature, which shows that real-world events provide emotional shocks that are at least as strong as what can ethically be induced under laboratory conditions. However, we also find that most previous quasi-field experiment studies use statistical techniques that may result in biased estimates. We propose a more statistically-robust approach, and illustrate it using an experiment on negative emotion and risk-taking, in which sports fans completed risk-elicitation tasks immediately after watching a series of NFL games. Overall, we argue that when appropriate statistical methods are used, the quasi-field experiment methodology represents a powerful approach for studying the impact of emotion on decision-making.

scholarly journals Language and Context in Inter-Cultural Communication

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 414-418
Author(s):  
Dr. Ibrahim Abushihab
Keyword(s):  
Social Context ◽  
Real World ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Mental Activity ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Cultural Communication ◽  
International Effort ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Text Context

The text is considered as a final product which exists in the mind as the result of a mental activity. It is a unit of human action, interaction, communication and cognition which are based on the context. Background knowledge of the social context and its cultural norms and the power of contextual inference help in finding the particular meaning of the text. Context is an idealized abstraction of the required meaning from the communicative situation whereas contextualization, as defined by Brelsford and Rogers (2008:1) is international effort to extend learning beyond the classroom into relevant contexts in the real world, and it also entails bringing realities of those extra academic comments into the classroom. Students who belong to a different culture often find themselves out of touch with the content of the topic being taught. Context and contextualization are essential in solving such issues.

scholarly journals Social information impairs reward learning in depressive subjects: behavioral and computational characterization

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lou Safra ◽  
Coralie Chevallier ◽  
Stefano Palminteri
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Social Information ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Reward Processing ◽  
Reward Learning ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cognitive Mechanisms ◽  
The Social

AbstractDepression is characterized by a marked decrease in social interactions and blunted sensitivity to rewards. Surprisingly, despite the importance of social deficits in depression, non-social aspects have been disproportionally investigated. As a consequence, the cognitive mechanisms underlying atypical decision-making in social contexts in depression are poorly understood. In the present study, we investigate whether deficits in reward processing interact with the social context and how this interaction is affected by self-reported depression and anxiety symptoms. Two cohorts of subjects (discovery and replication sample:N= 50 each) took part in a task involving reward learning in a social context with different levels of social information (absent, partial and complete). Behavioral analyses revealed a specific detrimental effect of depressive symptoms – but not anxiety – on behavioral performance in the presence of social information, i.e. when participants were informed about the choices of another player. Model-based analyses further characterized the computational nature of this deficit as a negative audience effect, rather than a deficit in the way others’ choices and rewards are integrated in decision making. To conclude, our results shed light on the cognitive and computational mechanisms underlying the interaction between social cognition, reward learning and decision-making in depressive disorders.

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