scholarly journals A spatially explicit optimization model for the selection of sustainable transport technologies at regional bus companies

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damiana Chinese ◽  
Piero Pinamonti ◽  
Caterina Mauro
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Carbon Equivalent ◽  
Environmental Benefit ◽  
Regional Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
North Eastern ◽  
Cost Planning ◽  
Diesel Buses ◽  
Analytical Tools

AbstractBuses account for almost 60% of the total public transport services in Europe, and most of the vehicles are diesel fuelled. Regional transport administrators, under pressure by governments to introduce zero-emission buses, require analytical tools for identifying optimal solutions. In literature, few models combine location analysis, least cost planning, and emission assessment, taking into account multiple technologies which might achieve emission reduction goals. In this paper, an existing optimal location model for electric urban transport is adapted to match the needs of regional transport. The model, which aims to evaluate well-to-wheel carbon emissions as well as airborne emissions of NOx and PM10, is applied to a real case study of a regional bus transport service in North Eastern Italy. The optimization has identified electric buses with relatively small (60 kWh) batteries as the best compromise for reducing carbon equivalent emissions; however, under current economic conditions in Italy, the life cycle cost of such vehicles is still much higher than those of Euro VI diesel buses. In this context, our model helps in identifying ways to minimize infrastructure costs and to efficiently allocate expensive resources such as electric buses to the routes where the maximum environmental benefit can be achieved.

Urban Transport

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
José van
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Ride Sharing ◽  
The World ◽  
Private And Public ◽  
Selection Mechanisms

Platformization affects the entire urban transport sector, effectively blurring the division between private and public transport modalities; existing public–private arrangements have started to shift as a result. This chapter analyzes and discusses the emergence of a platform ecology for urban transport, focusing on two central public values: the quality of urban transport and the organization of labor and workers’ rights. Using the prism of platform mechanisms, it analyzes how the sector of urban transport is changing societal organization in various urban areas across the world. Datafication has allowed numerous new actors to offer their bike-, car-, or ride-sharing services online; selection mechanisms help match old and new complementors with passengers. Similarly, new connective platforms are emerging, most prominently transport network companies such as Uber and Lyft that offer public and private transport options, as well as new platforms offering integrated transport services, often referred to as “mobility as a service.”

scholarly journals Building a Model of Integration of Urban Sharing and Public Transport Services

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3086
Author(s):  
Marcin Jacek Kłos ◽  
Grzegorz Sierpiński
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Public Transport ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Harmful Emissions ◽  
Specific Factors ◽  
The Given ◽  
Public Transport Services ◽  
Potential Area

The intense growth of cities affects their inhabitants to a considerable extent. The issues facing the traveling population include congestion and growing harmful emissions. Urban transport requires changes towards eco-friendly solutions. However, even though new forms of traveling (sharing services) are being implemented, their integration with public transport remains problematic. On account of the large number of available services combined with the absence of their integration, city inhabitants are faced with the dilemma of choosing between one or several transport modes which would enable them to make the given trip. The main goal of this article is to propose a model for integration of different transport services which could support those who intend to travel in the decision-making process. Therefore, the parameters of a model of urban sharing services were identified and classified. The parameters discussed in the paper with reference to an extensive literature review describe how individual sharing services are functioning. What has also been identified is the location-specific factors as well as those related to the potential area of operation which affect the integration with public transport. In order to take all the relevant parameters into account and find a solution to the problem at hand, a multi-criteria decision-making approach has been proposed. To this end, scores and weights determining their impact on the model have been established. For purposes of the solution in question, the relevant calculations were conducted by referring to an actual need to travel between selected locations.

Interactive Evolution and Coordination of Urban Transport

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 20-24
Author(s):  
Yufang Jin ◽  
Xiangjian Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Urban System ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transportation Infrastructure ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Traffic Jam ◽  
Planning Strategy ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
The City ◽  
Economic Size

With the continuous expansion of urban scale, blindly increasing or controlling transportation infrastructure possibly creates a short board in an urban system. In this study, a macro traffic integrated system was constructed according to a city's economic size distribution and transportation infrastructure. The planning strategy of traffic, industry, space interaction and coordinated development was put forward. Through theoretical model, the evolution mechanism between transportation infrastructure and economic scale distribution was revealed. Starting from the center of the city and inter city level, China's new urbanization strategy was implemented, and a comprehensive transportation system model was built. The traffic planning in Singapore was taken as an example, and the solution to traffic problems such as congestion, traffic jam, and distance was obtained. Practice has proved that the rational and effective urban transportation infrastructure construction can effectively promote the coordinated development of economy and resources, and comprehensively enhance the level of integrated transport services.

scholarly journals Carried by Migrants– Frictions of Migration and Mobility Patterns in the Conflicting Assemblage of the Russian Private Transport Sector

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 304-326
Author(s):  
Tonio Weicker
Keyword(s):  
Urban Transport ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Transport Sector ◽  
Mobility Patterns ◽  
Labor Migrants ◽  
Labor Conditions ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Regulation Policy ◽  
Transportation Departments ◽  
The One

It is well known that labor migrants from different countries all over the Eurasian Union are the backbone of crucial economy sectors in the Russian Federation as, inter alia, construction, agriculture or trade. This article deals with another less mentioned but similarly significant labor market, which substantially changed its assemblage during the last couple of years, namely commercial urban transport services. In the last two decades, the marshrutka sector underwent major reforms and formalization processes that, on the one hand, brought operators back into the tax net and ensured a certain extension of control to the local transportation departments but, on the other hand, worsened the labor conditions of the transportation workers. Drawing from the empirical evidence of my fieldwork in southern Russia, I describe currently problematized mobility assemblages and embed the actor’s articulations in broader conflicts within the marshrutka business and transportation regulation policy. I further analyze how labor migrants have been forced to accept unfavorable working conditions in the enterprises as a direct result of politically triggered reforms in the marshrutka business. The paper provides insights into the social arena of the marshrutka, which serves as a societal encounter of urban conflicts and transformation mirroring (un-)intended effects of the local transportation reformation attempts.

scholarly journals Will Bus Subsidy in Indonesia Sustainable?

2019 ◽  
Vol 280 ◽  
pp. 04016
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nanang Prayudyanto ◽  
Muiz Thohir ◽  
Stefan Belka
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Mode Share ◽  
Pros And Cons ◽  
Motor Vehicle Use ◽  
The Right ◽  
Public Transport Services

The subsidies for public transport entails a controversial discussion on the pros and cons. On one hand mode share of public transport will decrease with increasing income levels towards private motor vehicle use. Intention of this paper is to prove that subsidy plays important role in the public transport operation and business. However such subsidy is not recover he needs to carry out the sustainable urban transport in the future. Government and private partner should create a systematic subsidy targeted for the right modes, that having sustainable achievement. This paper is structured to answer to what extent the effectiveness of government subsidies for the development of public transport services.

scholarly journals The Effects of the Selective Enlargement of Fare-Free Public Transport

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (16) ◽  
pp. 6390 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krzysztof Grzelec ◽  
Aleksander Jagiełło
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Market Research ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Transport Systems ◽  
Local Authorities ◽  
The Public ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Mode Of Transportation ◽  
Free Transport ◽  
Using Data

In recent years fare-free public transport (FFPT) found itself at the centre of attention of various groups, such as economists, transport engineers and local authorities, as well as those responsible for the organisation of urban transport. The FFPT is hoped to be the answer to contemporary transport-related problems within cities, problems which largely result from insensible proportions between trips carried out via personal mode of transportation and those completed by the means of public transport. This article reviews the motives and effects connected with the introduction to date of fare-free transport zones across the globe. It also presents, using data obtained in market research, the actual impact of a selective extension of the entitlement to free fares on the demand for urban transport services. The effects observed in other urban transport systems were then compared against those observed in relation to one, examined system. Analyses of observed FFPT implementation effects were then used to establish good and bad practices in the introduction of FFPT. The article also contains forecasts on the effect of the extension of entitlement to free fares and an increase in the public transport offer may have on the volume of demand for such services. The analyses have shown that an increase in the public transport offer (understood as an increase in the volume of vehicle-kilometres) would increase the demand for urban transport services more than the selective implementation of FFPT (assuming that the costs incurred by the local authorities remain unchanged).

scholarly journals Direct and Indirect Environmental Aspects of an Electric Bus Fleet Under Service

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bogdan Ovidiu Varga ◽  
Florin Mariasiu ◽  
Cristian Daniel Miclea ◽  
Ioan Szabo ◽  
Anamaria Andreea Sirca ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electric Propulsion ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Pollution Levels ◽  
Electric Bus ◽  
High Pollution ◽  
Diesel Buses ◽  
The City ◽  
Harmful Effects

The reduction of pollutant emissions in the field of transportation can be achieved by developing and implementing electric propulsion technologies across a wider range of transportation types. This solution is seen as the only one that can offer, in areas of urban agglomeration, a reduction of the emissions caused by the urban transport to zero, as well as an increase in the degree of the health of the citizens. This paper presents an analysis of the direct and indirect environmental aspects of a fleet of real electric buses under service in the city of Cluj-Napoca, Romania. The solution of using 41 electric buses to replace Euro-3 diesel buses (with high pollution levels) in the city’s transport system eliminates a local amount of 668.45 tons of CO2 and 6.41 tons of NOx—pollutant emissions directly associated with harmful effects on human health—annually.

scholarly journals The Cost of Contract Renegotiation: Evidence from the Local Public Sector

2013 ◽  
Vol 103 (6) ◽  
pp. 2352-2383 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philippe Gagnepain ◽  
Marc Ivaldi ◽  
David Martimort
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Efficient Solution ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Welfare Gains ◽  
Agent Model ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Fixed Price ◽  
Open Issue ◽  
Principal Agent Model ◽  
The Cost

Contract theory claims that renegotiation prevents attainment of the efficient solution that could be obtained under full commitment. Assessing the cost of renegotiation remains an open issue from an empirical viewpoint. We fit a structural principal-agent model with renegotiation on a set of contracts for urban transport services. The model captures two important features of the industry as only two types of contracts are used (fixed price and cost-plus) and subsidies are greater following a cost-plus contract than following a fixed-price one. We conclude that the welfare gains from improving commitment would be significant but would accrue mostly to operators. (JEL D82, D86, L51, L92, R42, R48)

scholarly journals Criteria for Evaluation of Offers in Tender Procedures for City Buses in Poland

2019 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 179-185
Author(s):  
Aleksander Jagiełło
Keyword(s):  
Urban Transport ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Primary Research ◽  
Passenger Cars ◽  
City Bus ◽  
Collective Transport ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Modernization Process ◽  
Criteria For Evaluation ◽  
The City

On the basis of the literature review and secondary research results presented in the article, it should be stated that the continuous modernization of the rolling stock used to provide collective urban transport services is one of the main tools to encourage urban residents to abandon the use of passenger cars for collective transport. In order to make the rolling stock modernization process as smoothly as possible, it is necessary to carry out and then settle tenders for city buses. In the article, the primary research on the criteria used to evaluate offers in tender procedures for city buses in Poland was presented using descriptive statistics. The article also attempts to discuss whether the current weightings of the price criterion and non-price criteria reflect their share in the total cost of the life cycle of the city bus.

scholarly journals Development of material and technical base urban transport companies in Western Siberia in years of eighth five-year plan (1966–1970)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 9-15
Author(s):  
M. K. Alafiev ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Transport ◽  
Western Siberia ◽  
Urban Transport ◽  
Rolling Stock ◽  
Passenger Traffic ◽  
Transport Services ◽  
Technical Base ◽  
Urban Public Transport ◽  
New Type

The article discusses the main activities of state authorities, labor collectives of transport enterprises in Western Siberia to improve the operation of urban public transport in the region during the eighth five-year plan (1966-1970). During the study period, the increase in the level of transport services for urban residents was directly related to measures to develop and strengthen the material and technical base of passenger transport enterprises, technical re-equipment of automobile and tram rolling stock, and construction of a new type of public transport in Western Siberia – the urban trolleybus. The author comes to the conclusion that during the eighth five-year plan, urban public transport enterprises in the region received significant material and technical development, which became the basis for increasing the volume of passenger traffic and improving the quality of transport services for the urban population of the West Siberian region

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