Polyamines and ”scavenging system”: influence of exogenous spermidine on catalase and guaiacol peroxidase activities, and free polyamine level in barley leaves under water deficit

The effects of drought on the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), indoleacetate oxidase (IAAox) and polyphenol oxidase (PPO) were studied in 2-year old Olea europaea L. (cv. ‘Coratina’) plants grown under high temperatures and irradiance levels and gradually subjected to a controlled water deficit. After 20 d without irrigation, mean predawn leaf water potential fell from –0.37 to –5.37 MPa, and decreases in net photosynthesis and transpiration occurred. The activities of SOD, APX, CAT and POD increased in relation to the severity of drought stress in both leaves and roots. In particular, a marked increase in APX activity was found in leaves of plants at severe drought stress. CAT activity increased during severe water deficit conditions in leaves and fine roots. The patterns of POD and IAA oxidase activity ran in parallel and showed increases in relation to the degree of drought. In contrast, PPO activity decreased during the progression of stress in all the tissues studied. The results show that the ability of olive trees to up-regulate the enzymatic antioxidant system might be an important attribute linked to drought tolerance. This could limit cellular damage caused by active oxygen species during water deficit.

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Water Deficit Irrigation Impacts on Antioxidant Metabolism Associated with Freezing Tolerance in Creeping Bentgrass

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.140.4.323 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 140 (4) ◽

pp. 323-332 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Li-Juan Zhang ◽

Tian-Xiu Zhong ◽

Li-Xin Xu ◽

Lie-bao Han ◽

Xunzhong Zhang

Keyword(s):

Drought Stress ◽

Cold Acclimation ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Freezing Tolerance ◽

Deficit Irrigation ◽

Creeping Bentgrass ◽

Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽

Severe Drought ◽

Antioxidant Metabolism ◽

Mild Drought

Soil water deficit impacts cold acclimation and freezing tolerance in creeping bentgrass (Agrostis stolonifera L.), but the mechanisms underlying have not been well understood. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of deficit irrigation before and during cold acclimation on osmoprotectants, antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerance in creeping bentgrass. The grass was subjected to three-soil moisture levels: well-watered [100% container capacity (CC)], deficit irrigation induced-mild drought stress (60% CC), and severe drought stress (30% CC) for 35 days including 14 days at 24/20 °C (day/night) and then 21 days under cold acclimation treatment (2 °C) in growth chambers. Leaf proline and total soluble sugar (TSS) levels were higher in the grass under mild drought stress relative to that under severe drought stress. Superoxide (O2−·), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and malondialdehyde (MDA) content were higher in the grass under severe drought relative to that under well-watered and mild drought stress at day 35. Mild drought stress increased catalase (CAT) and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) activity, induced new isoforms and increased band intensities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT, and POD during cold acclimation (days 14 to 35). No differences in osmoprotectants, antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerance were found between mild drought and well-watered treatments. The results of this study suggest deficit irrigation-induced mild drought stress in late fall and winter could induce accumulation of osmoprotectants and improve antioxidant metabolism, and freezing tolerance, but severe drought stress could reduce freezing tolerance of creeping bentgrass in the region with limited precipitation.

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In Vitro Screening of Cucmis Melo L. Against Drought Mediated By PEG and Sorbitol

10.21203/rs.3.rs-253308/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Maryam Nekoee Mehmandar ◽

Farzad Rasouli ◽

Mousa Torabi Giglou ◽

Seyed Morteza Zahedi ◽

Mohammad Ali Aazami

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Photosynthetic Pigments ◽

Dry Weight ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽

Coleoptile Length ◽

Screening And Identification ◽

Osmotic Solution

Abstract Water deficit in first growth stages of melon (Cucumis melo L.) in formation of first true leaves after germination can be a factor limiting production. The first step for resolve the problem is genotypes evaluation and identification of drought tolerant melons. An effective method to achieve the goal is use of osmotic solution in tissue culture. Responses of Iranian melon landraces to drought was evaluated using sorbitol at 0.1, 0.2 and 0.4 M or polyethyleneglycol (PEG 6000) at 0.009, 0.012 and 0.015 M concentrations, and MS medium without treatment as the control. Coleoptile length, fresh and dry weight of shoots and roots, photosynthetic pigments, protein, proline, malondialdehyde (MDA) and antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase, guaiacol peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase were measured. The PEG or sorbitol decreased coleoptile length, fresh weight and photosynthetic pigments, and led to enhancement of proline and MDA. Contents of protein and antioxidant enzymes was completely dependent on genotype and type and concentration of osmotic material. The in vitro culture for screening and identification of tolerant and sensitive drought genotypes could be rapid, useful and effective, with sorbitol mimicing drought better than PEG. After in vitro evaluation, the genotype responses to induced water deficit need to be confirmed under field conditions.

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Physiological and Antioxidant Parameters in Two Lycoris Species as Influenced by Water Deficit Stress

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.50.11.1702 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 50 (11) ◽

pp. 1702-1708 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Sheng Xu ◽

Mingmin Jiang ◽

Jiangyan Fu ◽

Lijian Liang ◽

Bing Xia ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Enzyme Activities ◽

Water Status ◽

Sugar Content ◽

Soluble Sugar ◽

Net Photosynthesis ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Guaiacol Peroxidase

From a field experiment, the changes in morphophysiological characters and antioxidant enzyme activities were studied in two Lycoris species (Lycoris radiata and Lycoris aurea) subjected to 16 days of water deficit stress. With the increase of water deficit stress processing time, leaf relative water content (RWC), membrane stability index (MSI), net photosynthesis (Pn), stomatal conductance (gS), transpiration rate (E), and chlorophyll (Chl) content decreased in both studied species. The water use efficiency (WUE) showed an opposite tendency between the two species under water deficit stress, where WUE of L. aurea decreased moderately and WUE of L. aurea increased somehow. Intercellular CO2 concentration (Ci) in L. aurea and L. radiata decreased in respond to water deficit stress at early stages of stress treatment, then increased throughout the rest of the stress period, and reached levels higher than those in well-watered plants at the end of the treatment. In addition, there was a significant increment in soluble sugar content and proline accumulation under water deficit stress in both species, and L. radiata showed a much more accumulation. The activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD), guaiacol peroxidase (POD), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) increased in both plants subjected to water deficit stress while declined as the stress time increased. In L. aurea, catalase (CAT) showed a sustained increment, but it responded later and after a transient increase declined again in L. radiata under water deficit stress. In conclusion, L. radiata was more tolerant to water deficit stress than L. aurea as evidenced by its relatively higher water status, higher levels of proline, soluble sugar and pigments, and stronger photoprotection. Moreover, relatively higher antioxidant enzyme activities and lower levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) in L. radiata were also associated with its better protection against water deficit stress-induced oxidative damage.

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Exogenous spermidine alters in different way membrane permeability and lipid peroxidation in water stressed barley leaves

Acta Physiologiae Plantarum ◽

10.1007/s11738-006-0065-3 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 27-33 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Jan Kubi

Keyword(s):

Lipid Peroxidation ◽

Membrane Permeability ◽

Barley Leaves ◽

Exogenous Spermidine

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Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Gene Expression Patterns in Leaves of Kentucky Bluegrass in Response to Drought and Post-drought Recovery

Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science ◽

10.21273/jashs.136.4.247 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 136 (4) ◽

pp. 247-255 ◽

Cited By ~ 49

Author(s):

Lixin Xu ◽

Liebao Han ◽

Bingru Huang

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Drought Stress ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Poa Pratensis ◽

Kentucky Bluegrass ◽

Grass Species ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽

Drought Recovery

The objectives of this study were to examine antioxidant enzyme responses to drought stress and rewatering at both enzymatic activity and transcript levels and to determine the major antioxidant processes associated with drought tolerance and post-drought recovery for a perennial grass species, kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis). Antioxidant enzyme responses to drought and rewatering in a drought-tolerant cultivar (Midnight) and a drought-sensitive cultivar (Brilliant) were compared in a growth chamber. Plants were exposed to 22 days of drought stress for ‘Midnight’ and 18 days for ‘Brilliant’ before rewatering to allow the leaf relative water content (RWC) of both cultivars to drop to the same level. ‘Midnight’ exhibited higher photochemical efficiency (Fv/Fm) and lower electrolyte leakage compared with ‘Brilliant’ when at the same water deficit status (26% to 28% RWC). After 6 days of rewatering, all physiological parameters returned to the control level for ‘Midnight’, but only Fv/Fm fully recovered for ‘Brilliant’. The transcript level of cytosolic copper/zinc superoxide dismutase (cyt Cu/Zn SOD) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) was significantly higher in ‘Midnight’ than in ‘Brilliant’ when exposed to the same level of water deficit (26% to 28% RWC), suggesting that SOD and APX could be involved in scavenging oxidative stress-induced reactive oxygen species in kentucky bluegrass through changes in the level of gene expression. Significantly higher activities of APX, monodehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione reductase, and dehydroascorbate reductase as well as lower lipid peroxidation levels were observed in ‘Midnight’ versus ‘Brilliant’ when exposed to drought. However, the activities of SOD, catalase (CAT), and guaiacol peroxidase (POD) did not differ between the two cultivars. After 6 days of rewatering, ‘Midnight’ displayed significantly higher activity levels of CAT, POD, and APX compared with ‘Brilliant’. The enzyme activity results indicate that enzymes involved in the ascorbate–glutathine cycle may play important roles in antioxidant protection to drought damage, whereas CAT, POD, and APX could be associated with better post-drought recovery in kentucky bluegrass.

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Application of biostimulants in tomato subjected to water deficit: Physiological, enzymatic and production responses

Revista Brasileira de Engenharia Agrícola e Ambiental ◽

10.1590/1807-1929/agriambi.v25n2p90-95 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 25 (2) ◽

pp. 90-95

Author(s):

Mariane Peripolli ◽

Sylvio H. B. Dornelles ◽

Sidinei J. Lopes ◽

Luciane A. Tabaldi ◽

Vinícius S. Trivisiol ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Water ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Control Treatment ◽

Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Tomato Crop ◽

Seed Crop ◽

Time Of Application ◽

Water Conditions ◽

Soil Water Conditions

ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the application of the biostimulants Seed+ and Crop+ on physiological and production variables and on the activity of antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase - SOD and guaiacol peroxidase - POD) in tomato plants subjected to two soil water conditions. The experiment was carried out in a greenhouse, in a 2 x 2 x 6 factorial scheme, with two times of application of the biostimulants (flowering and fruiting), two soil water conditions (50 and 100% of soil water holding capacity) and six biostimulants (control treatment; Seed+; Seed+ + Crop+ 1x; Seed+ + Crop+ 2x; Crop+ 1x; + Crop+ 2x). The exprimental design was completely randomized, with four repetitions. The biostimulants Seed+ and Crop+ increased the quantum yield of photosystem II (Fv/Fm), regardless of the time of application and water condition of the soil. The biostimulants Seed+ + Crop+ 2x and Crop+ 2x stood out in the pre-morning period, with an average Fv/Fm of 0.813, under the conditions tested. The highest SOD activity (372.12 U mg-1 of protein) was obtained with Crop+ 2x biostimulant in fruiting and under water deficit. For POD, when under water deficit, the best results were obtained with the biostimulants Seed+ + Crop+ 2x, Crop+ 1x and Crop+ 2x in flowering (810.94; 691.19 and 921.59 U mg-1 protein) and in fruiting (703.60; 800.00 and 972.62 U mg-1 protein). Thus, the use of Seed+ and Crop+ biostimulants can be an alternative to help mitigate the damage caused by water deficit in tomato crop.

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Wild Relatives of Wheat Respond Well to Water Deficit Stress: A Comparative Study of Antioxidant Enzyme Activities and Their Encoding Gene Expression

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture10090415 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (9) ◽

pp. 415

Author(s):

Alireza Pour-Aboughadareh ◽

Mansoor Omidi ◽

Mohammad Reza Naghavi ◽

Alireza Etminan ◽

Ali Ashraf Mehrabi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Gene Expression ◽

Antioxidant Enzymes ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme ◽

Water Deficit ◽

Water Deficit Stress ◽

Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽

Guaiacol Peroxidase ◽

Photosynthetic Parameters ◽

Relative Expression ◽

Encoding Genes

Previous studies have revealed that some wild wheat accessions respond well to water deficit treatments and have a good potential in terms of photosynthetic parameters, root system architecture, and several physiological properties. However, the biochemical responses and molecular mechanisms of antioxidant-encoding genes remain to be elucidated. Herein, we investigated the most tolerant accessions from A. crassa, Ae. tauschii, and Ae. cylindrica previously identified from a core collection in previous studies, along with a control variety of bread wheat (T. aestivum cv. Sirvan) through measuring the shoot fresh and dry biomasses; the activities of antioxidant enzymes (including ascorbate peroxidase (APX), catalase (CAT), guaiacol peroxidase (GPX), and peroxidase (POD)); and the relative expression of CAT, superoxide dismutase (MnSOD), and GPX and APX genes under control and water deficit conditions. Water deficit stress caused a significant decrease in the shoot biomasses but resulted in an increase in the activity of all antioxidant enzymes and relative expression of antioxidant enzyme-encoding genes. Principal component analysis showed a strong association between the shoot dry biomass and the activity of CAT, POD, and APX, as well as MnSOD gene expression. Thus, these traits can be used as biomarkers to screen the tolerant plant material in the early growth stage. Taken together, our findings exposed the fact that Ae. tauschii and Ae. crassa respond better to water deficit stress than Ae. cylindrica and a control variety. Furthermore, these accessions can be subjected to further molecular investigation.

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