scholarly journals Calcium silicate ameliorates zinc deficiency and toxicity symptoms in barley plants through improvements in nitrogen metabolism and photosynthesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 43 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Valeria Paradisone ◽  
Eloy Navarro-León ◽  
Juan M. Ruiz ◽  
Sergio Esposito ◽  
Begoña Blasco
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Zn Toxicity ◽  
Stress Effects ◽  
Stress Symptoms ◽  
Physiological Alterations ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
N Metabolism ◽  
Zn Stress

AbstractZinc (Zn) deficiency causes serious issues to plant growth and development, negatively affecting crops in many world regions. On the other hand, Zn toxicity impairs plant growth, producing physiological alterations, and even cell death. In plants, two of the processes that most determine growth are nitrogen (N) metabolism and photosynthesis. In the last decades, several authors proved that silicon (Si) and calcium (Ca) mitigate the effects of various abiotic and biotic stresses in plants. The objective of this research is to study the effect of Si application to barley (Hordeum vulgare cv. Nure) plants grown under Zn deficiency and Zn toxicity. Hence, barley plants were grown in hydroponics and supplied with a low Zn dose (0.01 µM ZnSO4) and a high Zn dose (100 µM ZnSO4) and were supplied with CaSiO3. Parameters related to Zn accumulation, N metabolism, and photosynthesis were measured. Zn stress affected leaf Zn concentration and reduced biomass in barley plants. Both Zn toxicity and deficiency inhibited N metabolism and enhanced photorespiration, increasing stress symptoms. CaSiO3 mitigated Zn stress effects, probably regulating Zn levels in plant cells and enhancing N metabolism and photosynthesis. We conclude that CaSiO3 could be beneficial to grow barley plants in soils with high or low availability of Zn.

Zinc application enhances grain zinc density in genetically-zinc-biofortified wheat grown on a low-zinc calcareous soil

2018 ◽  
pp. 107-110 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Calcareous Soil ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Target Level ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Grain Zinc ◽  
Zn Availability ◽  
Zinc Application ◽  
Grain Zn Concentration

Human zinc (Zn) deficiency is a worldwide problem, especially in developing countries due to the prevalence of cereals in the diet. Among different alleviation strategies, genetic Zn biofortification is considered a sustainable approach. However, it may depend on Zn availability from soils. We grew Zincol-16 (genetically-Zn-biofortified wheat) and Faisalabad-08 (widely grown standard wheat) in pots with (8 mg kg−1) or without Zn application. The cultivars were grown in a low-Zn calcareous soil. The grain yield of both cultivars was significantly (P≤0.05) increased with that without Zn application. As compared to Faisalabad-08, Zincol-16 had 23 and 41% more grain Zn concentration respectively at control and applied rate of Zn. Faisalabad-08 accumulated about 18% more grain Zn concentration with Zn than Zincol-16 without Zn application. A near target level of grain Zn concentration (36 mg kg−1) was achieved in Zincol-16 only with Zn fertilisation. Over all, the findings clearly signify the importance of agronomic Zn biofortification of genetically Zn-biofortified wheat grown on a low-Zn calcareous soil.

Response of durum wheat to different levels of zinc and Fusarium pseudograminearum

2014 ◽  
Vol 65 (1) ◽  
pp. 61 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohsin S. Al-Fahdawi ◽  
Jason A. Able ◽  
Margaret Evans ◽  
Amanda J. Able
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Durum Wheat ◽  
Sufficient Conditions ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Zinc Efficiency ◽  
Fusarium Pseudograminearum ◽  
Zn Concentration

Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum ssp. durum) is susceptible to Fusarium pseudograminearum and sensitive to zinc (Zn) deficiency in Australian soils. However, little is known about the interaction between these two potentially yield-limiting factors, especially for Australian durum varieties. The critical Zn concentration (concentration of Zn in the plant when there is a 10% reduction in yield) and degree of susceptibility to F. pseudograminearum was therefore determined for five Australian durum varieties (Yawa, Hyperno, Tjilkuri, WID802, UAD1153303). Critical Zn concentration averaged 24.6 mg kg–1 for all durum varieties but differed for the individual varieties (mg kg–1: Yawa, 21.7; Hyperno, 22.7; Tjilkuri, 24.1; WID802, 24.8; UAD1153303, 28.7). Zinc efficiency also varied amongst genotypes (39–52%). However, Zn utilisation was similar amongst genotypes under Zn-deficient or Zn-sufficient conditions (0.51–0.59 and 0.017–0.022 g DM μg–1 Zn, respectively). All varieties were susceptible to F. pseudograminearum but the development of symptoms and detrimental effect on shoot biomass and grain yield were significantly greater in Tjilkuri. Even though crown rot symptoms may still be present, the supply of adequate Zn in the soil helped to maintain biomass and grain yield in all durum varieties. However, the extent to which durum varieties were protected from plant growth penalties due to crown rot by Zn treatment was genotype-dependent.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability and Genotype X Environment Interactions Effect on Grain Iron (Fe) and Zinc (Zn) Concentration in Lentils and Their Characterization under Terai Environments of Nepal

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Location Interaction

Billions of peoples are directly affected from the micronutrient malnutrition called hidden hunger affecting one in three people. Micronutrient Iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) deficiencies affect large numbers of people worldwide. Iron (Fe) deficiency leads to maternal mortality, mental damage and lower disease resistant of children. Likely Zinc (Zn) deficiency is responsible for stunting, lower respiratory tract infections, and malaria and diarrhea disease in human beings. Nepalese lentils are in fact rich sources of proteins and micronutrients (Fe, Zn) for human health and straws as a valuable animal feed. It has ability to sequester N and C improves soil nutrient status, which in turn provides sustainable production systems. Twenty five lentil genotypes were evaluated to analyze genotype × environment interaction for iron and zinc concentration in the grains. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) indicated that the accessions under study were found varied significantly (P=<0.001) for both seed Fe and Zn concentrations at all the three locations. Pooled analysis of variance over locations displayed highly significant (at P=<0.001) differences between genotypes, locations and genotype × location interaction for Zn micronutrient but insignificant genotype x location interaction was found in Fe micronutrient. Among 25 genotypes, the ranges for seed Fe concentration were 71.81ppm (ILL-2712)-154.03 ppm (PL-4) (mean 103.34 ppm) at Khajura, 79.89 ppm (ILL-3490)-128.14 ppm (PL-4) (mean 95.43 ppm) at Parwanipur, and 83.92 ppm (ILL-7979) -137.63 ppm (ILL-6819) (mean 103.11ppm) at Rampur, while the range across all the three locations was 82.53 ppm (ILL-7979) -133.49 ppm (PL-4) (mean 101.04 ppm). Likely the range for seed Zn concentration was 53.76 ppm (ILL-7723) – 70.15 ppm (ILL-4605) (mean 61.84 ppm) at Khajura, while the ranges for Parwanipur and Rampur were 54.21 ppm (ILL-7723) -91,94 ppm (ILL-4605) (mean 76.55 ppm) and 46.41 ppm (LG-12) – 59.95 ppm (ILL-4605) (mean 54.27 ppm) , respectively. The range across the three environments was 54.03 ppm (ILL-7723) – 75.34 ppm (HUL-57) (mean 64.22 ppm). Although both the micronutrients were influenced by environment, seed Fe was more sensitive to environmental fluctuations in comparison to seed Zn concentration. The G × E study revealed that it was proved that genotypes Sagun, RL-6 and LG-12 were more stable for seed Fe concentration and genotypes WBL-77, ILL-7164, RL-11 were found more stable for seed Zn concentration. In the AMMI analysis employing Gollob’s test, first two PC explained 100% of the G × E variation. PC 1 and PC 2 explained 87.19% and 12.81% of total G × E interactions for Fe concentration and likely for Zn concentration; PC1 and PC2 explained 70.11% and 29.88%, respectively. The critical perusal of biplot revealed that Parawnipur locations was found to discriminating power for Fe concentration while for Zn concentration Khajura location was found to be most discriminative. The critical analysis of pedigree vis-à-vis micronutrient concentration did not reveal any correlation. This is probably the first report on iron and zinc concentration in lentil from Nepal.

scholarly journals Exploiting Beneficial Pseudomonas spp. for Cannabis Production

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carole Balthazar ◽  
David L. Joly ◽  
Martin Filion
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Cannabis Sativa ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Naturally Occurring ◽  
The Many

Among the oldest domesticated crops, cannabis plants (Cannabis sativa L., marijuana and hemp) have been used to produce food, fiber, and drugs for thousands of years. With the ongoing legalization of cannabis in several jurisdictions worldwide, a new high-value market is emerging for the supply of marijuana and hemp products. This creates unprecedented challenges to achieve better yields and environmental sustainability, while lowering production costs. In this review, we discuss the opportunities and challenges pertaining to the use of beneficial Pseudomonas spp. bacteria as crop inoculants to improve productivity. The prevalence and diversity of naturally occurring Pseudomonas strains within the cannabis microbiome is overviewed, followed by their potential mechanisms involved in plant growth promotion and tolerance to abiotic and biotic stresses. Emphasis is placed on specific aspects relevant for hemp and marijuana crops in various production systems. Finally, factors likely to influence inoculant efficacy are provided, along with strategies to identify promising strains, overcome commercialization bottlenecks, and design adapted formulations. This work aims at supporting the development of the cannabis industry in a sustainable way, by exploiting the many beneficial attributes of Pseudomonas spp.

scholarly journals Study of the association between serum zinc concentration in pregnant women and preterm birth

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 102-105
Author(s):  
Sheida Shabanian ◽  
Abolfazl Khoshdel ◽  
Majid Dezfuli ◽  
Fatemeh Famouri
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
High Morbidity ◽  
Health Maintenance ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Serum Zn ◽  
The Mean

Background and aims: Preterm birth can cause high morbidity and mortality in women. Previous evidence has confirmed the association between zinc (Zn) deficiency in x women and some pregnancy complications. This study investigated the association between serum Zn concentration in pregnant women and preterm birth. Methods: This case-control study focused on evaluating 76 pregnant women with preterm birth (case group) and 62 pregnant women with term birth (control group) and was conducted in the obstetrics ward of Hajar hospital, Shahrekord, Iran in 2014. The Zn level was measured by spectrophotometry and data were analyzed by SPSS, version 15. Results: The prevalence of Zn deficiency was 95.6%. The mean of serum Zn concentration was 39.62±11.83 and 59.81±8.8 in the preterm and term delivery groups, respectively (P<0.001). Similarly, the mean of serum Zn concentrations was 43.06±15.6 and 50.46±13.8 in women with and without the rupture of pregnancy membranes, respectively (P=0.01). Based on the findings, the serum Zn concentration was not significantly associated with parity (P=0.634). Conclusion: Although a decrease in the serum Zn concentration could lead to premature rupture of membranes during pregnancy and preterm birth, it could not be considered as the main factor for preterm birth. In addition, Zn deficiency was highly prevalent in pregnant women. Therefore, nutritional interventions should be performed to prevent complications due to the deficiency of micronutrients such as Zn so that to increase health maintenance in mothers and children.

scholarly journals Genomic Prediction with Genotype by Environment Interaction Analysis for Kernel Zinc Concentration in Tropical Maize Germplasm

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2629-2639
Author(s):  
Edna K. Mageto ◽  
Jose Crossa ◽  
Paulino Pérez-Rodríguez ◽  
Thanda Dhliwayo ◽  
Natalia Palacios-Rojas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genomic Prediction ◽  
Prediction Models ◽  
Interaction Analysis ◽  
Genotype By Environment Interaction ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Prediction Ability ◽  
Association Panel ◽  
Maize Germplasm ◽  
Zn Concentration

Zinc (Zn) deficiency is a major risk factor for human health, affecting about 30% of the world’s population. To study the potential of genomic selection (GS) for maize with increased Zn concentration, an association panel and two doubled haploid (DH) populations were evaluated in three environments. Three genomic prediction models, M (M1: Environment + Line, M2: Environment + Line + Genomic, and M3: Environment + Line + Genomic + Genomic x Environment) incorporating main effects (lines and genomic) and the interaction between genomic and environment (G x E) were assessed to estimate the prediction ability (rMP) for each model. Two distinct cross-validation (CV) schemes simulating two genomic prediction breeding scenarios were used. CV1 predicts the performance of newly developed lines, whereas CV2 predicts the performance of lines tested in sparse multi-location trials. Predictions for Zn in CV1 ranged from -0.01 to 0.56 for DH1, 0.04 to 0.50 for DH2 and -0.001 to 0.47 for the association panel. For CV2, rMP values ranged from 0.67 to 0.71 for DH1, 0.40 to 0.56 for DH2 and 0.64 to 0.72 for the association panel. The genomic prediction model which included G x E had the highest average rMP for both CV1 (0.39 and 0.44) and CV2 (0.71 and 0.51) for the association panel and DH2 population, respectively. These results suggest that GS has potential to accelerate breeding for enhanced kernel Zn concentration by facilitating selection of superior genotypes.

scholarly journals Physiological, Biochemical and Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters of Physalis Peruviana L. Seedlings Exposed to Different Short-Term Waterlogging Periods and Fusarium Wilt Infection

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristhian C. Chávez-Arias ◽  
Sandra Gómez-Caro ◽  
Hermann Restrepo-Díaz
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Photosynthetic Pigments ◽  
Abiotic And Biotic Stresses ◽  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Biotic Stresses ◽  
Fluorescence Parameters ◽  
Physalis Peruviana ◽  
Progress Curve ◽  
Cape Gooseberry

Cape gooseberry has coped with abiotic and biotic stresses such as prolonged waterlogging periods and vascular wilt in recent years. The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of four waterlogging periods on stomatal conductance (gs), leaf water potential (Ψwf), plant growth, leaf photosynthetic pigments, malondialdehyde (MDA) production, proline content and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters in cape gooseberry plants infected with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. physali (Foph). Two-month-old ecotype “Colombia” plants were arranged in a completely randomized factorial design in eight treatments: plants without waterlogging (control), plants with waterlogging for 4, 6 and 8 d with and without Foph, respectively. The area under the disease progress curve was higher in inoculated plants subjected to 6 and 8 d of waterlogging (55.25 and 64.25) compared to inoculated plants but without waterlogging (45.25). The results also showed a lower plant growth, gs, Ψwf, leaf photosynthetic pigments and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters (Fv/Fm, electron transport rate (ETR), Y (II) and qP) as waterlogging periods in plants with Foph increased. However, this group of plants showed a greater proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) accumulation and a higher NPQ. In conclusion, cape gooseberry shows a low acclimation to waterlogging conditions of more than 6 d in soils with Foph.

IRRIGATION MANAGEMENT RISKS AND ZN FERTILIZATION NEEDS IN ZN BIOFORTIFICATION BREEDING IN LOWLAND RICE

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 382-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
F.H.C. RUBIANES ◽  
B.P. MALLIKARJUNA SWAMY ◽  
S.E. JOHNSON-BEEBOUT
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Grain Filling ◽  
Greenhouse Experiment ◽  
Zn Deficiency ◽  
Zn Uptake ◽  
Zn Concentration ◽  
Soil Zn ◽  
Grain Zn Concentration

SUMMARYAs zinc (Zn) fertilizer and water management affect the expression of Zn-enriched grain traits in rice, we studied the effect of Zn fertilizer and water management on Zn uptake and grain yield of different biofortification breeding lines and the possible biases in selection for high grain Zn content. The first field experiment showed that longer duration genotypes had higher grain Zn uptake rate than shorter duration genotypes during grain filling. In the first greenhouse experiment, neither application of Zn fertilizer at mid-tillering nor application at flowering significantly increased the grain Zn concentration. In the second greenhouse experiment, application of alternate wetting and drying (AWD) significantly increased the available soil Zn and plant Zn uptake but not grain Zn concentration. Terminal drying (TD) did not increase the available soil Zn or grain Zn contents. The second field experiment confirmed that differences in TD were not important in understanding differences between genotypes. Zn application is not always necessary to breeding trials unless there is a severe Zn deficiency and there is no need to carefully regulate TD prior to harvest.

scholarly journals The effect of zinc supply and succinate treatment on plant growth and mineral uptake in pea plant

2002 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zlatimira Stoyanova ◽  
Snejana Doncheva
Keyword(s):  
Pisum Sativum ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Organic Anion ◽  
Mineral Uptake ◽  
Stress Indicators ◽  
Zn Toxicity ◽  
Pisum Sativum L ◽  
Ameliorative Effect ◽  
Stems And Leaves ◽  
As Stress

The influence of succinate treatment on Zn toxicity was investigated using plant growth and mineral uptake as stress indicators. Pea plants (Pisum sativum L., cv. Citrine) were treated with various Zn concentrations (0.67 to 700 muM Zn) in the presence and absence of 0.2 mM Na-succinate. Plants pre-treated with succinate and then exposed to Zn exhibited higher dry root, stem and leaf weight than the plants treated with Zn alone. An increase in Zn supply resulted in a decrease in the concentrations of Ca, Mg, P in the roots and an increase of Ca and N levels in the stems and leaves. The amount of Zn in the roots, stems and leaves increased with greater Zn rates. The succinate treatment increased P in the roots but did not affect the Ca, N and Mg contents in Zn-treated plants. Most of the Zn taken up was retained in the roots after succinate treatment. The ameliorative effect of succinate on plant growth could be due to a lower Zn translocation in the leaves and stems and increased Zn accumulation in the roots. Lower Zn translocation in aboveground parts seemed to result from Zn complexing by organic anion in the roots. This probably caused less Zn transport to the stems and leaves and suggested that succinate has potential for complexing with Zn and may play a role in tolerance to high Zn levels.

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