Paecilomyces lilacinus, a potential biocontrol agent on apple rust mite Aculus, schlechtendali and interactions with some fungicides in vitro

2010 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fikret Demirci ◽  
Evsel Denizhan
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Paecilomyces Lilacinus ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Aculus Schlechtendali

scholarly journals Effects of post-emergent herbicides on Trichoderma harzianum , a potential biocontrol agent against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybean cropping

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-362
Author(s):  
M. Rollán ◽  
C. Mónaco ◽  
G. Lampugnani ◽  
N. Arteta ◽  
D. Bayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Soil Dilution

Trichoderma harzianum is a potential biocontrol agent against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybean. Information is needed on the compatibility of this biocontrol agent and the post-emergent herbicides used in soybean cropping.Haloxyfop R Methyl (EC 10.4%), Glyphosate (SL 48%), Imazamox (WG 70%) and Imazethapyr (SL 10%) were evaluated for their effects on the mycelial growth of T. harzianum on in vitro agar plates. Glyphosate (2000 ppm), Imazethapyr (500 and 250 ppm) and Haloxyfop R Methyl (1000, 500 and 100 ppm) reduced the mycelial growth of T. harzianum . Imazamox had no effect at any concentration.Subsequently, all the herbicides were assessed for their effect on soil populations of T. harzianum . Greenhouse assays conducted with non-sterile soil inoculated with T. harzianum and a specific herbicide were sampled before pesticide application and after 30 days. The number of colony forming units per gram of soil (c.f.u./g of soil) was evaluated with a soil dilution technique using Trichoderma selective medium (TSM). No detrimental effect was revealed.

scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides Obtained from Fresh Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba: Bioactive Polysaccharide that Can Be Exploited as a Novel Biocontrol Agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Zuxiang Luan ◽  
Zhaobing Fan ◽  
Xinliang Wu ◽  
Ziheng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Polysaccharide Intercellular Adhesion ◽  
Icad Gene

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) biofilm plays an important role in the persistence of chronic infection due to its resistance to antibiotics. Because of their functional diversity, active polysaccharide is increasingly being applied as a biocontrol agent to inhibit the formation of biofilm by pathogens. In this study, a new polysaccharide, GBSPII-1, isolated from the fresh sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L. (G. biloba) was characterized and its effect on antibiofilm formation of S. aureus was examined in vitro. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that GBSPII-1 is an acidic heteropolysaccharide composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucose, glucuronic acid, and galacturonic acid. GBSPII-1 demonstrated a molecular weight of 34 kDa and may affect the accumulation of polysaccharide intercellular adhesion (PIA) by inhibiting icaA, icaB, icaC, and icaD gene expression at subinhibitory concentrations. Under 10 g/L, GBSPII-1 showed an antioxidant effect on the inhibition rate of H2O2-induced erythrocyte hemolysis and the scavenging rate of DPPH radicals was 76.5 ± 0.5% and 89.2 ± 0.26%, respectively. The findings obtained in this study indicate that GBSPII-1 has antibacterial effect, is a possible source of natural antioxidants, and may be a potential biocontrol agent for the design of new therapeutic strategies for biofilm-related S. aureus infections.

scholarly journals Cladobotryum mycophilum as Potential Biocontrol Agent

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Mila Santos ◽  
Fernando Diánez ◽  
Alejandro Moreno-Gavíra ◽  
Brenda Sánchez-Montesinos ◽  
Francisco J. Gea
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent

A study was conducted to explore the efficacy of potential biocontrol agent Cladobotryum mycophilum against different phytopathogenic fungi. The growth rates of 24 isolates of C. mycophilum were determined, and their antagonistic activity was analysed in vitro and in vivo against Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, Fusarium solani, Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora capsici, Pythium aphanidermatum and Mycosphaerella melonis. Most isolates grow rapidly, reaching the opposite end of the Petri dish within 72–96 h. Under dual-culture assays, C. mycophilum showed antagonistic activity in vitro against all phytopathogenic fungi tested, with mycelial growth inhibition ranging from 30 to 90% against all the different phytopathogens tested. Similarly, of all the selected isolates, CL60A, CL17A and CL18A significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the disease incidence and severity in the plant assays compared to the controls for the different pathosystems studied. Based on these results, we conclude that C. mycophilum can be considered as a potential biological control agent in agriculture. This is the first study of Cladobotryum mycophilum as a biological control agent for different diseases caused by highly relevant phytopathogens in horticulture.

scholarly journals Streptomyces rocheiACTA1551, an Indigenous Greek Isolate Studied as a Potential Biocontrol Agent againstFusarium oxysporumf.sp.lycopersici

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grammatiki S. Kanini ◽  
Efstathios A. Katsifas ◽  
Alexandros L. Savvides ◽  
Amalia D. Karagouni
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Antagonistic Action ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent

Many studies have shown that several Greek ecosystems inhabit very interesting bacteria with biotechnological properties. ThereforeStreptomycesisolates from diverse Greek habitats were selected for their antifungal activity against the common phytopathogenic fungusFusarium oxysporum. The isolate encoded ACTA1551, member ofStreptomycesgenus, could strongly suppress the fungal growth when examined in antagonistic bioassaysin vitro. The isolate was found phylogenetically relative toStreptomyces rocheiafter analyzing its 16S rDNA sequence. The influence of different environmental conditions, such as medium composition, temperature, and pH on the expression of the antifungal activity was thoroughly examined.Streptomyces rocheiACTA1551 was able to protect tomato seeds fromF. oxysporuminfectionin vivowhile it was shown to promote the growth of tomato plants when the pathogen was absent. In an initial effort towards the elucidation of the biochemical and physiological nature of ACTA1551 antifungal activity, extracts from solid streptomycete cultures under antagonistic or/and not antagonistic conditions were concentrated and fractionated. The metabolites involved in the antagonistic action of the isolate showed to be more than one and produced independently of the presence of the pathogen. The above observations could support the application ofStreptomyces rocheiACTA1551 as biocontrol agent againstF. oxysporum.

In vitro biological management of Anthracnose disease in Morinda citrifolia Linn.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-139
Author(s):  
P. Swetha ◽  
◽  
S. Renuka ◽  
R. Sundararaj ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Trichoderma Virens ◽  
Anthracnose Disease ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
The Family ◽  
Indian Mulberry

Morinda citrifolia Linn., also called as Indian mulberry or Noni is a widely used medicinal plant belonging to the family, Rubiaceae. It suffers from severe diseases which hinder the healing properties of the plant. Hence, there is a significant need to prevent and manage the diseases which the plants are prone to. In this paper, we are reporting the in vitro biological control of Anthracnose disease caused by the pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in M. citrifolia. The identity of the pathogen was confirmed through microscopic observation and molecular characterization. Furthermore, an in-vitro bioassay was carried out to study the antagonistic effect of Trichoderma virens (J.H. Mill., Giddens & A.A. Foster) Arx. against C. gloeosporioides and the result showed 72.60 % inhibition of C. gloeosporioides by T. virens. Hence, T. virens can be recommended as a potential biocontrol agent against C. gloeosporioides causing Anthracnose disease of M. citrifolia.

scholarly journals The fungal endophyte Epicoccum dendrobii as a potential biocontrol agent against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Yue Bian ◽  
Yu-Lan Fang ◽  
Qing Song ◽  
Mei-Ling Sun ◽  
Ji-Yun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogen

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of most serious fungal diseases on Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata). Eight fungal endophytes were isolated from a young heathy branch of Chinese fir and screened against the pathogen in vitro. One isolate, designated as SMEL1 and subsequently identified as Epicoccum dendrobii based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, suppressed mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides on dual culture plates. Additionally, the metabolites of E. dendrobii significantly decreased the biomass of C. gloeosporioides. E. dendrobii was able to enter the internal tissues of the host plant via stomatal cells. The metabolites of E. dendrobii significantly inhibited conidial germination and appressorium formation, which at least partly explained why the endophyte significantly inhibited lesion development caused by C. gloeosporioides on various host plants. We further confirmed that some components with antifungal activity could be extracted from E. dendrobii using ethyl acetate as an organic solvent. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. dendrobii as a potential biocontrol agent against a fungal phytopathogen.

scholarly journals Epicoccum nigrum Link as a Potential Biocontrol Agent Against Selected Dermatophytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Piecuch ◽  
Rafał Ogórek ◽  
Mariusz Dyląg ◽  
Magdalena Cal ◽  
Katarzyna Przywara
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Epicoccum Nigrum ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms

<em>Epicoccum nigrum </em>Link is well known for producing biologically-active substances with activities against prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The major goal of this study was to assess <em>E. nigrum </em>as a potential in vitro agent against selected species of dermatophytes. The effects of the types of media used in this study on the interactions between the microscopic fungi were also examined. <em>Epicoccum nigrum</em>’s bioactive metabolites exhibited a strong growth inhibitory effect against the dermatophytes, suggesting its potential as a biocontrol agent. Notably, the strength of these interactions was dependent on the type of the medium. These secondary metabolites are not toxic against the higher eukaryotic organisms, which was further demonstrated by using the <em>Galleria mellonella </em>model.

scholarly journals Fusarium pallidoroseum: A potential entomopathogenic agent for the biological management of Aphis gossypii

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 775-785
Author(s):  
Ritu Srivastava ◽  
Amritesh Chandra Shukla
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Aphis Gossypii ◽  
Agricultural Practices ◽  
Spore Suspension ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Fusarium Pallidoroseum ◽  
Biological Management ◽  
Sustainable Agricultural Practices ◽  
Chemical Pesticides

With rising need of switching over to sustainable agricultural practices, utilization of entomopathogenic fungi (EPF) as biocontrol agents, provides better substitute against chemical pesticides- having several side-effects. Therefore, an attempt have been made to explore the potential EPF fungi that could be incorporated into IPM practices for control of Helicoverpa armigera Hubner and Aphis gossypii Glover. Regarding this, an entomopathogenic fungus, Fusarium pallidoroseum (Cooke) Sacc, was isolated from natural population of H. armigera infesting chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) and explored efficacy under in-vitro & field conditions. The findings of present investigation shows efficacy of F. pallidoroseum as potential biocontrol agent against okra aphid (A. gossypii), as it inflicted initial mortality of 43.33% nymphs on 2nd day and lead to complete annihilation (93.33%) of nymph population on 8th day of spore suspension application at 1x1010 spores/mL concentration. The observations against adult okra aphid clearly demonstrated that spraying of 1 x 1010 spores/mL of F. pallidoroseum resulted 66.67% mortality after 8th days of spraying. Increased mortality was recorded with increase in spore suspension concentrations. The LC50 & LC90 value for F. pallidoroseum against nymphs of A. gossypii was recorded 3.79 x 105 and 2.74 x 108, respectively. The findings were used to develop  formulations (1 × 104  to 1 × 1010 spore suspension/mL conc),  and tested  at field-level. The results showed that formulation at 1 x 1010 spores/mL conc was most effective against A. gossypii, recorded 93.33% mortality of nymphs & 66.67% mortality of adults; could be used under IPM practices.

Effect of the endophytic plant growth promoting Enterobacter ludwigii EB4B on tomato growth

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 54-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.E.A. Bendaha ◽  
H.A. Belaouni
Keyword(s):  
Root Length ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Growth Promotion ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Enterobacter Ludwigii ◽  
Tomato Growth

SummaryThis study aims to develop a biocontrol agent against Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. radicis-lycopersici (FORL) in tomato. For this, a set of 23 bacterial endophytic isolates has been screened for their ability to inhibit in vitro the growth of FORL using the dual plate assay. Three isolates with the most sound antagonistic activity to FORL have been qualitatively screened for siderophore production, phosphates solubilization and indolic acetic acid (IAA) synthesis as growth promotion traits. Antagonistic values of the three candidates against FORL were respectively: 51.51 % (EB4B), 51.18 % (EB22K) and 41.40 % (EB2A). Based on 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis, the isolates EB4B and EB22K were closely related to Enterobacter ludwigii EN-119, while the strain EB2A has been assigned to Leclercia adecarboxylata NBRC 102595. The promotion of tomato growth has been assessed in vitro using the strains EB2A, EB4B and EB22K in presence of the phytopathogen FORL. The treatments with the selected isolates increased significantly the root length and dry weight. Best results were observed in isolate EB4B in terms of growth promotion in the absence of FORL, improving 326.60 % of the root length and 142.70 % of plant dry weight if compared with untreated controls. In the presence of FORL, the strain EB4B improved both root length (180.81 %) and plant dry weight (202.15 %). These results encourage further characterization of the observed beneficial effect of Enterobacter sp. EB4B for a possible use as biofertilizer and biocontrol agent against FORL.

What habitat does spiny snout mite occupy in Tasmania

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 ◽  
pp. 446-446
Author(s):  
D.J. Wilson ◽  
P.J. Gerard
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Predatory Mites ◽  
Mite Species ◽  
Predatory Mite ◽  
Habitat Specificity ◽  
Nontarget Organisms ◽  
Flea Control ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent

Spiny snout mite (Neomolgus capillatus) is a potential biocontrol agent for clover flea (Sminthurus viridis) a white clover pest on dairy farms in warmer and wetter parts of New Zealand In the 1990s this mite was introduced from Brittany France into Tasmania for clover flea control Results during the release programme were highly promising and subsequent anecdotal farmer reports indicate widespread decreases in damage As N capillatus is a predatory mite and already known to attack nontarget organisms habitat specificity will determine whether it could be introduced into New Zealand without risk to native insects To assess this pastures on nine of the original Tasmanian release farms and adjacent nontarget habitats ranging from bush wetlands eucalypt stands to sand dune country were sampled in April 2014 Litter samples were collected heat extracted and mite species identified Neomolgus capillatus was found at effective densities in pastures that had good clover cover Where present it displaced Bdellodes spp mites that are ineffective against clover flea No N capillatus were found in the nontarget habitats all of which lacked clover and contained other predatory mites including Bdellodes spp Therefore the preference by N capillatus for lush pastures makes it an excellent prospect for introduction as a biocontrol agent into clover flea prone regions of New Zealand

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