scholarly journals Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, and Antioxidant Activity of Polysaccharides Obtained from Fresh Sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba: Bioactive Polysaccharide that Can Be Exploited as a Novel Biocontrol Agent

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Zuxiang Luan ◽  
Zhaobing Fan ◽  
Xinliang Wu ◽  
Ziheng Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Glucuronic Acid ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Polysaccharide Intercellular Adhesion ◽  
Icad Gene

Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) biofilm plays an important role in the persistence of chronic infection due to its resistance to antibiotics. Because of their functional diversity, active polysaccharide is increasingly being applied as a biocontrol agent to inhibit the formation of biofilm by pathogens. In this study, a new polysaccharide, GBSPII-1, isolated from the fresh sarcotesta of Ginkgo biloba L. (G. biloba) was characterized and its effect on antibiofilm formation of S. aureus was examined in vitro. High-Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis showed that GBSPII-1 is an acidic heteropolysaccharide composed of mannose, rhamnose, glucose, glucuronic acid, and galacturonic acid. GBSPII-1 demonstrated a molecular weight of 34 kDa and may affect the accumulation of polysaccharide intercellular adhesion (PIA) by inhibiting icaA, icaB, icaC, and icaD gene expression at subinhibitory concentrations. Under 10 g/L, GBSPII-1 showed an antioxidant effect on the inhibition rate of H2O2-induced erythrocyte hemolysis and the scavenging rate of DPPH radicals was 76.5 ± 0.5% and 89.2 ± 0.26%, respectively. The findings obtained in this study indicate that GBSPII-1 has antibacterial effect, is a possible source of natural antioxidants, and may be a potential biocontrol agent for the design of new therapeutic strategies for biofilm-related S. aureus infections.

scholarly journals Effects of post-emergent herbicides on Trichoderma harzianum , a potential biocontrol agent against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybean cropping

2007 ◽  
Vol 55 (3) ◽  
pp. 355-362
Author(s):  
M. Rollán ◽  
C. Mónaco ◽  
G. Lampugnani ◽  
N. Arteta ◽  
D. Bayo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Mycelial Growth ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Selective Medium ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Colony Forming Units ◽  
Soil Dilution

Trichoderma harzianum is a potential biocontrol agent against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in soybean. Information is needed on the compatibility of this biocontrol agent and the post-emergent herbicides used in soybean cropping.Haloxyfop R Methyl (EC 10.4%), Glyphosate (SL 48%), Imazamox (WG 70%) and Imazethapyr (SL 10%) were evaluated for their effects on the mycelial growth of T. harzianum on in vitro agar plates. Glyphosate (2000 ppm), Imazethapyr (500 and 250 ppm) and Haloxyfop R Methyl (1000, 500 and 100 ppm) reduced the mycelial growth of T. harzianum . Imazamox had no effect at any concentration.Subsequently, all the herbicides were assessed for their effect on soil populations of T. harzianum . Greenhouse assays conducted with non-sterile soil inoculated with T. harzianum and a specific herbicide were sampled before pesticide application and after 30 days. The number of colony forming units per gram of soil (c.f.u./g of soil) was evaluated with a soil dilution technique using Trichoderma selective medium (TSM). No detrimental effect was revealed.

Effects of Ginkgo biloba Extract Ingestion on the Pharmacokinetics of Talinolol in Healthy Chinese Volunteers

2009 ◽  
Vol 43 (5) ◽  
pp. 944-949 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lan Fan ◽  
Gong-You Tao ◽  
Guo Wang ◽  
Yao Chen ◽  
Wei Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oral Dose ◽  
Single Oral Dose ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba Extract ◽  
Maximum Plasma ◽  
Time Curve ◽  
P Glycoprotein

Background Ginkgo biloba extract (GBE), the best selling herbal medicine in the world, has been reported to inhibit P-glycoprotein in vitro. However, the effects of GBE on P-glycoprotein activity in humans have not been clarified. Objective To investigate the effects of single and repeated GBE ingestion on the oral pharmacokinetics of talinolol, a substrate drug for P-glycoprotein in humans. Methods Ten unrelated healthy male volunteers were selected to participate in a 3-stage sequential study. Plasma concentrations of talinolol from 0 to 24 hours were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography after talinolol 100 mg was administrated alone, with a single oral dose of GBE (120 mg), and after 14 days of repeated GBE ingestion (360 mg/day). Results A single oral dose of GBE did not affect the pharmacokinetics of talinolol. Repeated ingestion of GBE increased the talinolol maximum plasma concentration (Cmax) by 36% (90% CI 10 to 68; p = 0.025), the area under the concentration-time curve (AUC)0-24 by 26% (90% CI 11 to 43; p = 0.008) and AUC0-∞ by 22% (90% CI 8 to 37; p = 0.014), respectively, without significant changes in elimination half-life and the time to Cmax. Conclusions Our results suggest that long-term use of GBE significantly influenced talinolol disposition in humans, likely by affecting the activity of P-glycoprotein and/or other drug transporters.

scholarly journals Cladobotryum mycophilum as Potential Biocontrol Agent

Agronomy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 891
Author(s):  
Mila Santos ◽  
Fernando Diánez ◽  
Alejandro Moreno-Gavíra ◽  
Brenda Sánchez-Montesinos ◽  
Francisco J. Gea
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Fusarium Oxysporum ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Biological Control Agent ◽  
Control Agent ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Antagonistic Activity ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent

A study was conducted to explore the efficacy of potential biocontrol agent Cladobotryum mycophilum against different phytopathogenic fungi. The growth rates of 24 isolates of C. mycophilum were determined, and their antagonistic activity was analysed in vitro and in vivo against Botrytis cinerea, Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis-lycopersici, Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. cucumerinum, Fusarium solani, Phytophthora parasitica, Phytophthora capsici, Pythium aphanidermatum and Mycosphaerella melonis. Most isolates grow rapidly, reaching the opposite end of the Petri dish within 72–96 h. Under dual-culture assays, C. mycophilum showed antagonistic activity in vitro against all phytopathogenic fungi tested, with mycelial growth inhibition ranging from 30 to 90% against all the different phytopathogens tested. Similarly, of all the selected isolates, CL60A, CL17A and CL18A significantly (p < 0.05) reduced the disease incidence and severity in the plant assays compared to the controls for the different pathosystems studied. Based on these results, we conclude that C. mycophilum can be considered as a potential biological control agent in agriculture. This is the first study of Cladobotryum mycophilum as a biological control agent for different diseases caused by highly relevant phytopathogens in horticulture.

scholarly journals Streptomyces rocheiACTA1551, an Indigenous Greek Isolate Studied as a Potential Biocontrol Agent againstFusarium oxysporumf.sp.lycopersici

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grammatiki S. Kanini ◽  
Efstathios A. Katsifas ◽  
Alexandros L. Savvides ◽  
Amalia D. Karagouni
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Medium Composition ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungus ◽  
Antagonistic Action ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent

Many studies have shown that several Greek ecosystems inhabit very interesting bacteria with biotechnological properties. ThereforeStreptomycesisolates from diverse Greek habitats were selected for their antifungal activity against the common phytopathogenic fungusFusarium oxysporum. The isolate encoded ACTA1551, member ofStreptomycesgenus, could strongly suppress the fungal growth when examined in antagonistic bioassaysin vitro. The isolate was found phylogenetically relative toStreptomyces rocheiafter analyzing its 16S rDNA sequence. The influence of different environmental conditions, such as medium composition, temperature, and pH on the expression of the antifungal activity was thoroughly examined.Streptomyces rocheiACTA1551 was able to protect tomato seeds fromF. oxysporuminfectionin vivowhile it was shown to promote the growth of tomato plants when the pathogen was absent. In an initial effort towards the elucidation of the biochemical and physiological nature of ACTA1551 antifungal activity, extracts from solid streptomycete cultures under antagonistic or/and not antagonistic conditions were concentrated and fractionated. The metabolites involved in the antagonistic action of the isolate showed to be more than one and produced independently of the presence of the pathogen. The above observations could support the application ofStreptomyces rocheiACTA1551 as biocontrol agent againstF. oxysporum.

In vitro biological management of Anthracnose disease in Morinda citrifolia Linn.

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 137-139
Author(s):  
P. Swetha ◽  
◽  
S. Renuka ◽  
R. Sundararaj ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Antagonistic Effect ◽  
Morinda Citrifolia ◽  
Trichoderma Virens ◽  
Anthracnose Disease ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
The Family ◽  
Indian Mulberry

Morinda citrifolia Linn., also called as Indian mulberry or Noni is a widely used medicinal plant belonging to the family, Rubiaceae. It suffers from severe diseases which hinder the healing properties of the plant. Hence, there is a significant need to prevent and manage the diseases which the plants are prone to. In this paper, we are reporting the in vitro biological control of Anthracnose disease caused by the pathogen Colletotrichum gloeosporioides (Penz.) Penz. & Sacc. in M. citrifolia. The identity of the pathogen was confirmed through microscopic observation and molecular characterization. Furthermore, an in-vitro bioassay was carried out to study the antagonistic effect of Trichoderma virens (J.H. Mill., Giddens & A.A. Foster) Arx. against C. gloeosporioides and the result showed 72.60 % inhibition of C. gloeosporioides by T. virens. Hence, T. virens can be recommended as a potential biocontrol agent against C. gloeosporioides causing Anthracnose disease of M. citrifolia.

CHEMO-PROFILING AND ASSESSMENT OF IN VITRO ANTIOXIDANT EFFICACY OF EIGHT FERNS OF DARJEELING HIMALAYAS, INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 25-27
Author(s):  
Nishika Jaishee ◽  
Rohini Lama ◽  
Usha Chakraborty
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Radical Scavenging Activity ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Natural Antioxidants ◽  
Phenolic Contents ◽  
Darjeeling Himalayas

AIM: The present study was performed to prole some phenolics and explore the antioxidant effect of eight locally available ferns collected from different places of Darjeeling Himalayas, India. Methods: The antioxidant activities of methanol (MeOH) extract was evaluated by DPPH free radical scavenging activity. Qualitative analysis of phenol was done using standard methods. Further, characterization of phenolics was done using High performance liquid chromatography. Result: The content of phenolics ranged from 6.77 to 60.066mg FAE/g dry weight. The DPPH antioxidant activity expressed as IC values 50 revealed Nephrolepis cordifolia and Microsorum punctatum to exhibit highest and lowest antioxidative activity respectively. Moderate correlation 2 (R =0.547) was observed between the total phenolics content and antioxidant activity. HPLC analysis of phenolics from all the investigated plants revealed the presence of caffeic acid, ferulic acid and salicylic acid while the other phenolics such as phloroglucinol, gallic acid, pyrogallol, 3,4- dihy droxybenzoic acid, catechol, catechin, chlorogenic acid, caffeine, vanillic acid and cinnamic acid were not uniformly present in all the plants. The phenolic contents values showed wide variation among themselves, as well as within different plants. These ferns with considerable amount of phenolics can be the potential source of natural antioxidants.

scholarly journals Polyprenols ofGinkgo bilobaEnhance Antibacterial Activity of Five Classes of Antibiotics

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Tao ◽  
Chengzhang Wang ◽  
Jianzhong Ye ◽  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Hongxia Chen
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Antibacterial Effect ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Gentamicin Sulfate ◽  
Mic Value

Polyprenol (GBP) fromGinkgo bilobaLeaves (GBL) is an important lipid with many bioactive effects. The effect of GBP on antibacterial properties of five antibiotics belonging to different classes was through analysis of inhibition halos, MIC, and FIC index. And we studied the time-killing curves and Ca2+mobilization assay inStaphylococcus aureuscells treated with GBP microemulsion and gentamicin sulfate under MIC/2 conditions. These results showed that the GBP microemulsion (average diameter 90.2 nm) combining with gentamicin sulfate had the highest enhancing antibacterial effect againstStaphylococcus aureus, and the MIC value was 33.0 μg/mL. The increase of the antibacterial effect of tested antibiotics was positively correlated with the decrease of the average diameter of GBP microemulsion. Moreover, GBP microemulsion enhanced antibacterial effect and prolonged antibacterial time of GBP combining with gentamicin sulfate againstStaphylococcus aureus. GBP microemulsion could enhance the ability of gentamicin inducing an increase in intracellular calcium concentrations toStaphylococcus aureus. GBP microemulsion could help some classes of antibiotics to inhibit or kill bacteria. This study supports the fact that GBP microemulsion obviously can not only reduce the dosage of some classes of antibiotics, but also reduce the frequency of the antibiotic usein vitro.

scholarly journals The fungal endophyte Epicoccum dendrobii as a potential biocontrol agent against Colletotrichum gloeosporioides

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Yue Bian ◽  
Yu-Lan Fang ◽  
Qing Song ◽  
Mei-Ling Sun ◽  
Ji-Yun Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colletotrichum Gloeosporioides ◽  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Fungal Endophyte ◽  
Chinese Fir ◽  
Dual Culture ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Fungal Phytopathogen

Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is one of most serious fungal diseases on Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata). Eight fungal endophytes were isolated from a young heathy branch of Chinese fir and screened against the pathogen in vitro. One isolate, designated as SMEL1 and subsequently identified as Epicoccum dendrobii based on morphological and phylogenetic analyses, suppressed mycelial growth of C. gloeosporioides on dual culture plates. Additionally, the metabolites of E. dendrobii significantly decreased the biomass of C. gloeosporioides. E. dendrobii was able to enter the internal tissues of the host plant via stomatal cells. The metabolites of E. dendrobii significantly inhibited conidial germination and appressorium formation, which at least partly explained why the endophyte significantly inhibited lesion development caused by C. gloeosporioides on various host plants. We further confirmed that some components with antifungal activity could be extracted from E. dendrobii using ethyl acetate as an organic solvent. To our knowledge, this is the first report of E. dendrobii as a potential biocontrol agent against a fungal phytopathogen.

scholarly journals Epicoccum nigrum Link as a Potential Biocontrol Agent Against Selected Dermatophytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Agata Piecuch ◽  
Rafał Ogórek ◽  
Mariusz Dyląg ◽  
Magdalena Cal ◽  
Katarzyna Przywara
Keyword(s):  
Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Bioactive Metabolites ◽  
Epicoccum Nigrum ◽  
Growth Inhibitory ◽  
Potential Biocontrol Agent ◽  
Eukaryotic Organisms

<em>Epicoccum nigrum </em>Link is well known for producing biologically-active substances with activities against prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells. The major goal of this study was to assess <em>E. nigrum </em>as a potential in vitro agent against selected species of dermatophytes. The effects of the types of media used in this study on the interactions between the microscopic fungi were also examined. <em>Epicoccum nigrum</em>’s bioactive metabolites exhibited a strong growth inhibitory effect against the dermatophytes, suggesting its potential as a biocontrol agent. Notably, the strength of these interactions was dependent on the type of the medium. These secondary metabolites are not toxic against the higher eukaryotic organisms, which was further demonstrated by using the <em>Galleria mellonella </em>model.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document