An assessment of hydrates inhibition in deepwater production systems using low-dosage hydrate inhibitor and monoethylene glycol

AbstractIn this study, a deepwater pipeline-riser system that experienced hydrates was modelled in MAXIMUS 6.20 (an integrated production modelling tool) to understand, predict and mitigate hydrates formation in typical deepwater system. Highlights of the results from this study suggest that the injection of low-dosage hydrate inhibitors (LDHIs) into the hydrate-forming structures within the multiphase flow stream disperses the hydrates particles in an irregular manner and subsequently decreases the nucleation rate of the hydrate and prevents the formation of hydrates. This study found that the cost of using monoethylene glycol was significantly higher than that of LDHI by over $500/day although low-dosage hydrate inhibitors have initial relatively high CAPEX. In the long run, its OPEX is relatively low, making it cost-effective for hydrate inhibition in deepwater scenarios.

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Methodology for Evaluation and Development of Refurbishment Scenarios for Multi-Story Apartment Buildings, Applied to Two Buildings in Denmark and Switzerland

Buildings ◽

10.3390/buildings10060102 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 102

Author(s):

Yovko Ivanov Antonov ◽

Per Heiselberg ◽

Flourentzos Flourentzou ◽

Michal Zbigniew Pomianowski

Keyword(s):

Cost Effectiveness ◽

Life Cycle Cost ◽

Production Systems ◽

Evaluation Criteria ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Assessment Method ◽

Literature Study ◽

Building Projects ◽

Cost Calculations ◽

The Cost

Renovation of existing buildings is an indispensable part of achieving European efficiency and environmental targets. This paper applies different assessment methodologies to find optimal renovation, given different evaluation criteria. The performed literature study identifies the cost-optimal methodology employing Life Cycle Cost (LCC) calculation as one of the most common assessment methods. This paper proposes a new renovation assessment method targeted to the early design phases of specific building projects. The method has a simple structure, and can be used as a roadmap of necessary activities for obtaining solid building knowledge and required energy and cost calculations. The methodology is based on linking economic and energy efficiency parameters into defined cost-effective value, calculated for all investigated renovation actions. The cost-effectiveness value is used for ranking and selecting the most appropriate single renovation actions to form renovation packages, which can be further examined in detail (for example, with LCC). To demonstrate the method, evaluate the strengths, and identify the weaknesses, it is applied to case study buildings in Denmark and Switzerland. The results show that, in the initial stage, the proposed cost-effectiveness representation can be used successfully to compare and evaluate different envelope elements and systems. Cost-effectiveness also provides rational results on a package level. Further work is still required in the area of evaluation of energy supply and renewable energy production systems.

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Reducing Antimicrobial Use and Dependence in Livestock Production Systems: A Social and Economic Sciences Perspective on an Interdisciplinary Approach

Frontiers in Veterinary Science ◽

10.3389/fvets.2021.584593 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 ◽

Author(s):

Fanny Baudoin ◽

Henk Hogeveen ◽

Erwin Wauters

Keyword(s):

Behavioral Change ◽

Production Systems ◽

Interdisciplinary Approach ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Livestock Production ◽

Antimicrobial Use ◽

Post Evaluation ◽

Ex Post ◽

The Cost ◽

Effective Assessment

Objective: In livestock production, antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is considered an externality as it is the undesired result of preventive and curative antimicrobial use. To address this biosocial issue, our objective is to present an approach based on interdisciplinary research to develop strategies and policies that aim to contain AMR.Method: To do so, we addressed three fundamental questions on which control policies and strategies for agricultural pollution problems are centered in the light of AMR. To ensure the technical, economic, behavioral and political feasibility of the developed measures, we demonstrated the usefulness of systemic approaches to define who, what and how to target by considering the complexity in which the ultimate decision-maker is embedded. We then define how voluntary or compulsory behavioral change can be achieved via five routes, introducing a clear taxonomy for AMR Interventions. Finally, we present three criteria for ex-ante analysis and ex-post evaluation of policies and strategies.Conclusion: Interdisciplinary systemic approaches enable the development of AMR policies and strategies that are technically, politically, economically and, last but not least, behaviorally feasible by allowing the identification of (a) all actors influencing AMU in livestock production, (b) power relations between these actors, (c) adequate regulatory and intervention bases, (d) what behavioral change strategy to use, (e) whom should implement this, as well as the cost-effective assessment of combinations of interventions. Unfortunately, AMR policies and strategies are often investigated within different disciplines and not in a holistic and systemic way, which is why we advocate for more interdisciplinary work and discuss opportunities for further research.

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Assessment of the role and significance of the cost formation process in the activities of organizations

LAPLAGE EM REVISTA ◽

10.24115/s2446-622020206extra-c664p.314-319 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (Extra-C) ◽

pp. 314-319

Author(s):

Dmitry A. Gura ◽

Aleksandr N. Sekisov ◽

Oksana A. Kuznetsova ◽

Victoria I. Kalombo Mulamba ◽

Evgeniya S. Tishchenko

Keyword(s):

Comparative Analysis ◽

Production Systems ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Production Costs ◽

Limited Resources ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Effective Mechanism ◽

The Cost ◽

The Impact

The article presents a comparative analysis of various approaches to the formation of production costs. The study estimates the role of costs in the production and economic activities of companies in a market environment. At the same time, the assessment considered the impact of the problem of limited resources on the activities of production systems, which is possible to solve only with the active use of alternative ways in organizing the functioning of the cost-effective mechanism of enterprises.

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Economic evaluation of disease elimination: An extension to the net-benefit framework and application to human African trypanosomiasis

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1073/pnas.2026797118 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 118 (50) ◽

pp. e2026797118

Author(s):

Marina Antillon ◽

Ching-I Huang ◽

Kat S. Rock ◽

Fabrizio Tediosi

Keyword(s):

Human African Trypanosomiasis ◽

Central Africa ◽

Cost Savings ◽

Cost Effective ◽

African Trypanosomiasis ◽

Net Benefit ◽

Long Run ◽

Health Community ◽

Effective Use ◽

The Cost

The global health community has earmarked a number of diseases for elimination or eradication, and these goals have often been praised on the premise of long-run cost savings. However, decision makers must contend with a multitude of demands on health budgets in the short or medium term, and costs per case often rise as the burden of a disease falls, rendering such efforts beyond the cost-effective use of scarce resources. In addition, these decisions must be made in the presence of substantial uncertainty regarding the feasibility and costs of elimination or eradication efforts. Therefore, analytical frameworks are necessary to consider the additional effort for reaching global goals, like elimination or eradication, that are beyond the cost-effective use of country resources. We propose a modification to the net-benefit framework to consider the implications of switching from an optimal strategy, in terms of cost-per-burden averted, to a strategy with a higher likelihood of meeting the global target of elimination or eradication. We illustrate the properties of our framework by considering the economic case of efforts to eliminate the transmission of gambiense human African trypanosomiasis (gHAT), a vector-borne, parasitic disease in West and Central Africa, by 2030.

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The Arctic Ship Shape Platform for Well Maintenance, Survey and Workover

Volume 1B: Offshore Technology ◽

10.1115/omae2014-24605 ◽

2014 ◽

Author(s):

Sergey V. Verbitsky ◽

Alexey A. Agafonov ◽

Eduard N. Fomitchyov ◽

Maksim V. Kovalev ◽

Irina G. Chesnokova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Production Systems ◽

Cost Effective ◽

The Arctic ◽

Research Centre ◽

First Year ◽

Arctic Conditions ◽

Broken Ice ◽

Ice Conditions ◽

Drilling Rigs ◽

The Cost

The conceptual design of floating ship shape platform for well maintenance, survey and workover in prospective fields of Russian Arctic and Sakhalin Island shelf (further The platform) was developed by Krylov State Research Centre specialists with the assistance of CDB “Korall”. The platform under design intended for operation in the Arctic conditions and designed to resist the ice formations such as continuous thin first-year ice and broken ice being the first one in the world practice. The form and chosen hull ice strengthening class allow ensuring safe operation in the mentioned ice conditions. The main purpose for development of the platform was to minimize the offshore wells downtime providing the cost effective way for maintenance of subsea production systems comparing with floating drilling rigs and drilling vessels that takes a significant investment. The economic assessments have shown that operation of such platform will cost two to three times less than renting of a rig or drillship. Having the working deck space of about 1,000 m2 and the ability to download a variety of equipment the platform can perform a variety of testing and wells repairing procedures both for underwater wellhead and for wells operated on fixed platforms.

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Isolation of nucleic acids using silicon dioxide powder as a tool for environmental monitoring

Environmental Monitoring and Assessment ◽

10.1007/s10661-019-7840-2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 191 (12) ◽

Author(s):

Jacek Urbaniak ◽

Daniel Janowski ◽

Brayan Jacewski

Keyword(s):

Nucleic Acids ◽

Silicon Dioxide ◽

Environmental Monitoring ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Ease Of Use ◽

Isolation And Purification ◽

Long Run ◽

Dioxide Powder ◽

Commercial Kits ◽

The Cost

Abstract Isolation and purification of nucleic acids are basic laboratory procedures used in molecular analysis supporting determination of organisms in environmental monitoring. However, many different methods of isolation are commonly used, often being designed for a particular type of DNA extraction. While researchers commonly decide on commercial isolation kits for their ease of use and efficiency, they require large amounts of studied tissue, and the cost of purchasing such kits over a long run can be high. To provide an alternative to using commercial kits, we have developed a simple, rapid, cost-effective, and reliable protocol for DNA isolation from cultured fungi on slants and from dried fungal samples using silica particles (silicon dioxide powder) in chaotropic conditions. With the presented method, it is possible to isolate good-quality DNA from fungi in less than 1.5 h, using easily accessible chemicals. Compared with other methods employing CTAB or commercial kits, it allows fast, easy, and cheap DNA purification from two main sources of fungi routinely used for research. In addition to the method protocol, we also provide advice for further optimization of the isolation process to account for specific conditions, making the procedure more useful.

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The IBM-PC in electron microscopy

Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America ◽

10.1017/s0424820100165525 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 54 ◽

pp. 612-613

Author(s):

James F. Mancuso

Keyword(s):

Head Start ◽

Image Acquisition ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Financial Applications ◽

Number Of Factors ◽

Instrument Control ◽

The Cost ◽

Training And Support ◽

Control Image ◽

Ibm Pc

IBM PC compatible computers are widely used in microscopy for applications ranging from control to image acquisition and analysis. The choice of IBM-PC based systems over competing computer platforms can be based on technical merit alone or on a number of factors relating to economics, availability of peripherals, management dictum, or simple personal preference.IBM-PC got a strong “head start” by first dominating clerical, document processing and financial applications. The use of these computers spilled into the laboratory where the DOS based IBM-PC replaced mini-computers. Compared to minicomputer, the PC provided a more for cost-effective platform for applications in numerical analysis, engineering and design, instrument control, image acquisition and image processing. In addition, the sitewide use of a common PC platform could reduce the cost of training and support services relative to cases where many different computer platforms were used. This could be especially true for the microscopists who must use computers in both the laboratory and the office.

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Sonographically guided, transcatheter foam sclerotherapy of the great saphenous vein

Phlebologie ◽

10.1055/s-0037-1622198 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 36 (06) ◽

pp. 309-312 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

T. Schulz ◽

M. Jünger ◽

M. Hahn

Keyword(s):

Saphenous Vein ◽

Great Saphenous Vein ◽

Clinical Stage ◽

Clinical Signs ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Duplex Sonography ◽

Foam Sclerotherapy ◽

Average Loss ◽

One Year ◽

The Cost

Summary Objective: The goal of the study was to assess the effectiveness and patient tolerability of single-session, sonographically guided, transcatheter foam sclerotherapy and to evaluate its economic impact. Patients, methods: We treated 20 patients with a total of 22 varicoses of the great saphenous vein (GSV) in Hach stage III-IV, clinical stage C2-C5 and a mean GSV diameter of 9 mm (range: 7 to 13 mm). We used 10 ml 3% Aethoxysklerol®. Additional varicoses of the auxiliary veins of the GSV were sclerosed immediately afterwards. Results: The occlusion rate in the treated GSVs was 100% one week after therapy as demonstrated with duplex sonography. The cost of the procedure was 207.91 E including follow-up visit, with an average loss of working time of 0.6 days. After one year one patient showed clinical signs of recurrent varicosis in the GSV; duplex sonography showed reflux in the region of the saphenofemoral junction in a total of seven patients (32% of the treated GSVs). Conclusion: Transcatheter foam sclerotherapy of the GSV is a cost-effective, safe method of treating varicoses of GSV and broadens the spectrum of therapeutic options. Relapses can be re-treated inexpensively with sclerotherapy.

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A Digital Economy Model for Talent Prediction Data Analytic

ICONIET PROCEEDING ◽

10.33555/iconiet.v2i4.44 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 260-266

Author(s):

Haru Purnomo Ipung ◽

Amin Soetomo

Keyword(s):

Business Model ◽

Industrial Revolution ◽

Technology Innovation ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Sharing Economy ◽

Token Economy ◽

Economy Model ◽

New Business ◽

The Cost ◽

Data Analytic

This research proposed a model to assist the design of the associated data architecture and data analytic to support talent forecast in the current accelerating changes in economy, industry and business change due to the accelerating pace of technological change. The emerging and re-emerging economy model were available, such as Industrial revolution 4.0, platform economy, sharing economy and token economy. Those were driven by new business model and technology innovation. An increase capability of technology to automate more jobs will cause a shift in talent pool and workforce. New business model emerge as the availabilityand the cost effective emerging technology, and as a result of emerging or re-emerging economic models. Both, new business model and technology innovation, create new jobs and works that have not been existed decades ago. The future workers will be faced by jobs that may not exist today. A dynamics model of inter-correlation of economy, industry, business model and talent forecast were proposed. A collection of literature review were conducted to initially validate the model.

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CAD Of Anticorrosive Protection Of Steel Structures

Promyshlennoe i Grazhdanskoe Stroitel stvo ◽

10.33622/0869-7019.2019.09.18-23 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 18-23

Keyword(s):

Protective Coating ◽

Computer Aided Design ◽

Steel Structures ◽

Cost Effective ◽

Operating Conditions ◽

Computational Tool ◽

Protection Method ◽

Cost Effective Method ◽

The Cost ◽

Aided Design

The choice of cost-effective method of anticorrosive protection of steel structures is an urgent and time consuming task, considering the significant number of protection ways, differing from each other in the complex of technological, physical, chemical and economic characteristics. To reduce the complexity of solving this problem, the author proposes a computational tool that can be considered as a subsystem of computer-aided design and used at the stage of variant and detailed design of steel structures. As a criterion of the effectiveness of the anti-corrosion protection method, the cost of the protective coating during the service life is accepted. The analysis of existing methods of steel protection against corrosion is performed, the possibility of their use for the protection of the most common steel structures is established, as well as the estimated period of effective operation of the coating. The developed computational tool makes it possible to choose the best method of protection of steel structures against corrosion, taking into account the operating conditions of the protected structure and the possibility of using a protective coating.

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