scholarly journals The role of sexual orientation in the relationships between body perception, body weight dissatisfaction, physical comparison, and eating psychopathology in the cisgender population

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Meneguzzo ◽  
Enrico Collantoni ◽  
Elisa Bonello ◽  
Mariantonietta Vergine ◽  
Simone C. Behrens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Physical Appearance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Body Perception ◽  
Body Weight Dissatisfaction ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Purpose Body weight dissatisfaction (BWD) and visual body perception are specific aspects that can influence the own body image, and that can concur with the development or the maintenance of specific psychopathological dimensions of different psychiatric disorders. The sexual orientation is a fundamental but understudied aspect in this field, and, for this reason, the purpose of this study is to improve knowledge about the relationships among BWD, visual body size-perception, and sexual orientation. Methods A total of 1033 individuals participated in an online survey. Physical comparison, depression, and self-esteem was evaluated, as well as sexual orientation and the presence of an eating disorder. A Figure Rating Scale was used to assess different valences of body weight, and mediation analyses were performed to investigated specific relationships between psychological aspects. Results Bisexual women and gay men reported significantly higher BWD than other groups (p < 0.001); instead, higher body misperception was present in gay men (p = 0.001). Physical appearance comparison mediated the effect of sexual orientation in both BWD and perceptual distortion. No difference emerged between women with a history of eating disorders and without, as regards the value of body weight attributed to attractiveness, health, and presence on social media. Conclusion This study contributes to understanding the relationship between sexual orientations and body image representation and evaluation. Physical appearance comparisons should be considered as critical psychological factors that can improve and affect well-being. The impact on subjects with high levels of eating concerns is also discussed. Level of evidence Level III: case–control analytic study.

The impact of demographic factors on the way lesbian and gay employees manage their sexual orientation at work

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (9) ◽  
pp. 992-1015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Köllen
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Orientation ◽  
Gay Men ◽  
Demographic Factors ◽  
Diversity Management ◽  
Coping Resources ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Lesbian And Gay ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Way

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to explore the influence demographic factors have on the way lesbians and gay men manage their sexual orientation at work. Design/methodology/approach – Based on data taken from a cross-sectional survey of 1,308 gay and lesbian employees working in Germany, four regression models are proposed. The means of handling one’s homosexuality at work was measured by the 31 items containing Workplace Sexual Identity Management Measure from Anderson et al. (2001). Findings – Results indicate that being in a relationship is related to increased openness about one’s homosexuality at work. Furthermore, it appears that the older and the more religious lesbian and gay employees are, the more open (and therefore less hidden) about their sexuality they are. Having a migratory background is related to being more guarded about one’s sexual orientation, whereas personal mobility within the country is not related to the way one manages one’s sexual orientation at work. Lesbians tend to be a little more open and less guarded about their homosexuality compared to gay men. Research limitations/implications – The focus of this research (and the related limitations) offers several starting and connecting points for more intersectional research on workforce diversity and diversity management. Practical implications – The study’s findings indicate the need for an intersectional approach to organizational diversity management strategies. Exemplified by the dimension “sexual orientation”, it can be shown that the impact each dimension has for an employee’s everyday workplace experiences and behavior in terms of a certain manifestation of one dimension of diversity can only be understood in terms of its interplay with other dimensions of diversity. Originality/value – It is shown that manifestations of demographic factors that tend to broaden the individual’s coping resources for stigma-relevant stressors lead to more openness about one’s homosexuality in the workplace.

scholarly journals Hubungan Obesitas Remaja Dengan Gambaran Citra Tubuh Di MTSN 1 Bondowoso Desa Traktakan Kecamatan Wonosari

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
Siti Rahmi Lestari ◽  
Arif Eko Trilianto ◽  
Pasidi Siddiq
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Physical Appearance ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Correlation Test ◽  
Juvenile Age ◽  
Diet And Exercise ◽  
Ideal Body ◽  
Juvenile Obesity

Obesity is a problem which is scared by all ages, including juvenile ages because it can affect the change in physical appearance.A change in physical appearance certainly can influence their body image in juvenile age. The objective of the study is correlation between juveniles obesity ang body image in student of MTsN I Bondowoso at Traktakan Village Wonosari districts.This study is kuantitatif research, the population is all of students from MTsN I BondowosoTraktakan village Wonosaridistricts.a sample 28 ( twentyeigh) people, sampling using proposive sampling, data analysis using the Spearman Rho. The score of correlation test showed from SPSS 17  that the Spearman Rho value p < 0,05 can to correlation value p = 0,040 value p = 0,040 is smaller than 0,05,and r = 0,391 which means the hypothsis is accepted.The result of this research found that there was significentcorrelation between juvenile obesity and body image in students of MTsN I Bondowoso. From the resultof this study,researchers are looking forward to a change in adolescent to diet and exercise activities that routine to maintain ideal body weight

scholarly journals The Relationship of Perceived Body Image, Body Mass Index and Physical Activity with Weight Status among Students at King Abdulaziz University Hospital

2021 ◽  
pp. 218-227
Author(s):  
Futoon S. Alobiri ◽  
Roaa A. Alharbi ◽  
Mohammed R. Algethami ◽  
Raghdah H. Ateeq ◽  
Aseel M. Badurayq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
King Abdulaziz University

Aim: Identify the relation between poor esteem for body image and weight-related behaviors. The results will help increase awareness and improve students’ lifestyles to have a better body image and achieve ideal body weight. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among King Abdulaziz University medical students (n= 460) between July to the end of August 2019. Data was collected using the International physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ), figure rating scale (FRS) and analyzed using SPSS software. Result: The results showed that the average Body Mass Index (BMI) was 24.80 ± 11.89. Participant sex was an important factor influencing the prevalence of obesity; male students were more obese than female students with a significant difference (p<0.001). The level of body satisfaction was also affected by gender. Students in preclinical years were more likely to gain weight more than clinical years students. Conclusion: The results show a significant relationship between body satisfaction and gender (P<0.0001) despite having diverse BMIs. Overweight and obese males and females' participants had the lowest body satisfaction. Females who were too thin and had low BMIs described themselves as normal, while males describe themselves as too thin. Conversely, females with high BMIs described themselves as too fat, while males described themselves as normal. This could be due to different factors. Also, underweight females and males have high body satisfaction, which can lead to dangerous behaviors to maintain low body weight which cause negative health consequences.

Telling

Out in Time ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 67-90
Author(s):  
Perry N. Halkitis
Keyword(s):  
Gay Men ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Coming Out ◽  
Life Stories ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Critical Life Events ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Impact

Gay men experience the process of coming out to various groups of individuals, in myriad contexts, and throughout the course of their lives. For many gay men, telling one’s parents and families represents the most significant act of disclosure. Methods used for coming out to parents, circumstances by which the men came out, and reactions of their families in both the short and long term are explored. A variety of different approaches are evidenced in the life stories. The impact of these critical life events is considered in relation to the well-being and health of each of the men. Coming out to parents and family is challenging in every generation, but the circumstances related to coming out are influenced and shaped by both the sociopolitical contexts of the time and the crisis of each generation.

scholarly journals The Development of a BMI-Guided Shape Morphing Technique and the Effects of an Individualized Figure Rating Scale on Self-Perception of Body Size

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 579-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geoffrey M. Hudson ◽  
Yao Lu ◽  
Xiaoke Zhang ◽  
James Hahn ◽  
Johannah E. Zabal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Size ◽  
Rating Scales ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Line Drawing ◽  
Adult Women ◽  
Self Perception ◽  
Body Perception ◽  
Line Drawings ◽  
Figure Rating Scale ◽  
The Impact

The creation of personalized avatars that may be morphed to simulate realistic changes in body size is useful when studying self-perception of body size. One drawback is that these methods are resource intensive compared to rating scales that rely upon generalized drawings. Little is known about how body perception ratings compare across different methods, particularly across differing levels of personalized detail in visualizations. This knowledge is essential to inform future decisions about the appropriate tradeoff between personalized realism and resource availability. The current study aimed to determine the impact of varying degrees of personalized realism on self-perception of body size. We explored this topic in young adult women, using a generalized line drawing scale, as well as several types of personalized avatars, including 3D textured images presented in immersive virtual reality (VR). Body perception ratings using generalized line drawings were often higher than responses using individualized visualization methods. While the personalized details seemed to help with identification, there were few differences among the three conditions containing different amounts of individualized realism (e.g., photo-realistic texture). These results suggest that using scales based on personalized texture and limb dimensions are beneficial, although presentation in immersive VR may not be essential.

Body Image and the Cancer Treatment Trajectory

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerry A. Sherman ◽  
Laura-Kate E. Shaw
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Cancer Detection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Prophylactic Surgery ◽  
Premature Menopause ◽  
Cancer Occurrence ◽  
Body Image Concerns ◽  
Risk Of Cancer ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: The chapter “Body Image and the Cancer Treatment Trajectory” provides an overview of body image–related concerns and challenges that can arise throughout the cancer journey, from cancer detection and diagnosis through to active treatment and cancer survivorship. The chapter examines how body image concerns can serve as a significant barrier to cancer detection, including self- and physician examination, routine screening, and diagnostic tests. It then reviews the impact of cancer surgery and treatment-related side effects (such as physical disfigurement, hair loss, skin irritations, weight loss or gain, changes to bodily functions, premature menopause, and lymphedema) on an individual’s body image, self-concept, and overall psychosocial well-being in both the short and longer term. Finally, the chapter discusses body image concerns arising from risk-reducing or prophylactic surgery to minimize hereditary risk of cancer occurrence.

Body Image and Subjective Well-Being in Portuguese Adolescents

2013 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
António Borges ◽  
Margarida Gaspar de Matos ◽  
José Alves Diniz
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Satisfaction ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
World Health ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Portuguese Adolescents

AbstractThe study examines the impact of body image in adolescents’ well-being. Well-being was assessed with the scale Kidscreen10, with the Cantril ladder for satisfaction with life and with an ad hoc happiness scale. The study presents data on adolescent health from the Health Behavior in School-aged Children (HBSC)/World Health Organization study in Portugal (2006), with a sample of 4,877 adolescents, average age of 14 years old and gender distribution at 49,6% males. Portuguese adolescents showed differences between gender and age group regarding their body image-related satisfaction/dissatisfaction and self-perceived body image, being that both components have a direct impact on the levels of well-being. The male gender has better results in the perception of body image and, consequently, well-being. The largest inter-gender differences for well-being is at 15 years of age. The main predictors of well-being are the look and body satisfaction/dissatisfaction, with greater importance on the affective component. This research highlights the importance of body image for adolescents’ well-being, as well as to prepare educational strategies adapted to adolescents’ age and gender, by helping them to develop skills concerning self-knowledge and caring for their look.

Effects of Weight Training on the Emotional Well-Being and Body Image of Females: Predictors of Greatest Benefit

1992 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 338-371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry A. Tucker ◽  
Karen Maxwell
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Muscular Strength ◽  
Comparison Group ◽  
Weight Training ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Training Intervention ◽  
Weight Trainers ◽  
Experimental Subjects ◽  
Body Cathexis

Background. This study was conducted to determine the extent to which participation in a weight training intervention was associated with changes in the emotional well-being and body image of females compared to non-weight trainers. An ancillary objective was to study the extent to which psychological, physical, and demographic factors accounted for changes in emotional well-being and body image. Methods. The experimental group consisted of 60 females, and a comparison group was comprised of 92 females. Experimental subjects participated in a 15-week, two-day-per-week weight training intervention, while subjects in the comparison group did not participate in any weight training activities. Subjects were pre- and posttested on the General Well-Being Schedule and the Body Cathexis Scale. Experimental subjects were also tested in muscular strength and three skinfold measurements. Results. With pretest scores controlled, the weight trainers had significantly higher General Well-Being and Body Cathexis posttest scores than the comparison group. Weight trainers also showed significant increases in muscular strength, and significant decreases in skinfold thickness. Four variables predicted 38.8% of the variance of those who improved most in General Well-Being: lower pretest General Well-Being, lower parental income, greater loss of body weight, and lower posttest skinfold. Five variables predicted 61.5% of the variance of those women who improved most in Body Cathexis: lower pretest Body Cathexis, greater body weight at the outset, shorter in height, less involvement in non-weight training exercise, and lower posttest skinfold. Discussion. Cause-and-effect conclusions are not warranted given the use of intact groups, and the long-term effect of weight training on the emotional well-being of women was not discernible given the 15-week length of this study.

scholarly journals P248 Assessment of health-related quality of life of paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease patients through the IMPACT-III questionnaire

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S289-S289
Author(s):  
J A Vázquez Gómez ◽  
M Velasco Rodríguez-Belvís ◽  
L M Palomino Pérez ◽  
P Sánchez Llorente ◽  
C Aguilar Ladrón de Guevara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽  
Body Image ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related ◽  
Inflammatory Bowel ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Health-related quality of life (HRQOL) is a multi-dimensional concept used to examine the impact of health status on their global well-being. The IMPACT-III is a 35-item questionnaire specifically designed to evaluate the quality of life of patients with paediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease (pIBD). This questionnaire had its origin in 1999 in Canada (Otley et al.) and, since then, it has been adapted to many languages. The objective of this study was to assess the quality of life of pIBD patients using the IMPACT-III questionnaire and to identify specific needs according to the patient’s profile. Methods An observational, descriptive, and retrospective study was carried out in November 2020, including the pIBD patients undergoing follow-up in a tertiary hospital that have previously completed the IMPACT-III questionnaire. Epidemiological and clinical data were anonymously retrieved from the electronic medical records. We established three blocks of IMPACT-III items according to physical, emotional and social well-being, or to the perception of body image. The results of each block and totals were compared according to gender, age, diagnosis, time of evolution, activity and treatment. To make the comparison, the Mann-Whitney U test for independent samples for 2 groups and the Kruskal-Wallis test for 3 or more independent groups were used. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software and the results were considered statistically significant when reaching a bilateral critical level (p) ≤ 0.05, with a 95% confidence interval. Results We included a total of 40 patients. There were no significant differences according to gender, type of IBD or type of treatment. The group of adolescents obtained a higher score in the body image block (p = 0.009). Patients with over two years of evolution of the disease obtained statistically significantly higher scores in the physical well-being block (p = 0.027). In patients who filled out the questionnaire during a flare, the scores on questions of physical well-being (p = 0.007), emotional and social (p = 0.037), as well as total (p = 0.012) were significantly higher. Overall, 31 patients (77.5%) answered that IBD had negatively affected their family. Conclusion Our data suggest that patients with a longer evolution time, adolescents and patients suffering an active flare seem to report a worst HRQOL. Patients with the mentioned characteristics constitute a vulnerable population with special care needs that should be addressed from an interdisciplinary point of view. Despite the limitations of the retrospective design and the scarce number of patients, our results indicate that family-centered care should be a priority.

scholarly journals The impact of cognitive restructuring and self-compassion strategies on negative body image among women with higher body weight: an experimental investigation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lauren Alysha David
Keyword(s):  
Body Image ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Body Dissatisfaction ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Cognitive Restructuring ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Negative Body Image ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The Impact

Individuals with higher body weight are at a greater risk of having negative body image (Friedman & Brownell, 1995). Yet current body image interventions, such as Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT), are largely tested with individuals with normal weight or individuals with eating disorders. Furthermore, cognitive restructuring, one of the key components of CBT for body image (Alleva et al., 2015), relies on the assumption that negative cognitions or appraisals regarding the body are unbalanced or distorted in some way. However, people with higher body weight are 50% more likely to experience major discrimination based on their weight status and thus may possess some “evidence” from lived experience of weight bias that would lend support to their negative body-related thoughts (Puhl & Brownell, 2001; 2006). The use of compassion-focused approaches might be particularly helpful in overcoming these obstacles. Self-compassion refers to the capacity for mindfully reflecting on one’s own perceived flaws, mistakes, or wrongdoings with kindness and with an appreciation for the inherent imperfection in everyone (Neff, 2013). The present study tested the impact of various thinking strategies for managing negative body image in women with higher body weight after getting on the scale, a commonly distressing body image trigger (Ogden & Evans, 1996). Participants (N = 79) were recruited from the community and screened for moderate body dissatisfaction. They were randomly assigned to receive a single training session in cognitive restructuring (CR), self-compassion (SC), or distraction (Control) strategies after being weighed. Participants in all three of the groups reported improvements in body dissatisfaction and negative affect immediately following the training. Relative to those in the Control group, those participants who received training in CR or SC strategies reported greater improvements in body image, body image flexibility, self-compassion, and cognitive distortions one week after the training. These findings suggest that CR and SC strategies may be helpful in improving the distress associated with being weighed among women with higher body weight. The results may have broader implications for the development of psychosocial interventions focused on improving body image among these individuals.

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