scholarly journals Defining Smart Glasses: A Rapid Review of State-of-the-Art Perspectives and Future Challenges From a Social Sciences’ Perspective

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Niek Zuidhof ◽  
Somaya Ben Allouch ◽  
Oscar Peters ◽  
Peter-Paul Verbeek
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Design Development ◽  
The Public ◽  
Smart Glasses ◽  
Current State ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Definition Of

AbstractOver recent decades smart glasses have gained increased attention in both the research arena and recently also in the consumer market, even though there is not yet a clear definition of what exactly smart glasses entail and underexposed perspectives are not represented. This study used a rapid review to assess the current understanding of smart glasses with the aim of defining them. Searches were performed across six databases, followed-up by a content-based evaluation of title and abstract. A total set of 14 relevant publications was identified to help arrive at a definition and characteristics of smart glasses. As a result, it was observed in both the research literature and in the public domain that many different names are used for smart glasses, and that in some cases there is unclarity about what constitute smart glasses. Therefore, an adapted definition of smart glasses is developed based on the existing original rationale of ubiquitous computing and taking the current state-of-the-art knowledge into account. This article provides an overview of and suggestion for defining smart glasses from a social sciences’ perspective to better inform researchers, developers, designers and companies who are involved in the design, development, research of smart glasses.

scholarly journals Defining and Quantifying Intermittency in the Power Sector

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (13) ◽  
pp. 3366
Author(s):  
Daniel Suchet ◽  
Adrien Jeantet ◽  
Thomas Elghozi ◽  
Zacharie Jehl
Keyword(s):  
Power Source ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Power Sector ◽  
Predictive Capacity ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Quantitative Definition ◽  
The Impact

The lack of a systematic definition of intermittency in the power sector blurs the use of this term in the public debate: the same power source can be described as stable or intermittent, depending on the standpoint of the authors. This work tackles a quantitative definition of intermittency adapted to the power sector, linked to the nature of the source, and not to the current state of the energy mix or the production predictive capacity. A quantitative indicator is devised, discussed and graphically depicted. A case study is illustrated by the analysis of the 2018 production data in France and then developed further to evaluate the impact of two methods often considered to reduce intermittency: aggregation and complementarity between wind and solar productions.

scholarly journals Fluorescent Chemosensors for Ion and Molecule Recognition: The Next Chapter

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kai-Cheng Yan ◽  
Axel Steinbrueck ◽  
Adam C. Sedgwick ◽  
Tony D. James
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Fluorescent Chemosensors ◽  
Distant Future ◽  
The Past ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
Current State ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Molecule Recognition

Over the past 30 years fluorescent chemosensors have evolved to incorporate many optical-based modalities and strategies. In this perspective we seek to highlight the current state of the art as well as provide our viewpoint on the most significant future challenges remaining in the area. To underscore current trends in the field and to facilitate understanding of the area, we provide the reader with appropriate contemporary examples. We then conclude with our thoughts on the most probable directions that chemosensor development will take in the not-too-distant future.

The Studies on Veteran Entrepreneurship in the Past Decade in China

2021 ◽  
pp. 100-118
Author(s):  
Hua Geng ◽  
Benzhao Yang ◽  
Qingan Huang
Keyword(s):  
Research Literature ◽  
Research Trend ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Research Papers ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Past ◽  
Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Status ◽  
Literature Mapping

To have a thorough understanding of the current state of veteran entrepreneurship in China, a literature mapping was made on the basis of 235 related articles and research literature published in the past decade (from 2010 to 2019), which are open to the public and available on the China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI). Via combing through the above findings, the authors tried to unlock a phase with prominent rise of corresponding research papers and its possible reason, reveal the leading research power and their correlation, and also explore a potential research trend in the future. On the basis of the overall context and generalization of the status quo and limitations of this field during the past 10 years, reference and guidance can be provided for future study and policy making.

Industrial Electronics for Electric Transportation: Current State-of-the-Art and Future Challenges

2015 ◽  
Vol 62 (5) ◽  
pp. 3021-3032 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheldon S. Williamson ◽  
Akshay K. Rathore ◽  
Fariborz Musavi
Keyword(s):  
State Of The Art ◽  
Current State ◽  
Future Challenges

scholarly journals Striving for State of the Art with Paradigm Interplay and Meta-Synthesis: Purpose-oriented Network Research Challenges and Good Research Practices as a Way Forward

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin H Lemaire ◽  
Remco S Mannak ◽  
Sonia M Ospina ◽  
Martijn Groenleer
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Research Field ◽  
Research Practices ◽  
The Public ◽  
Research Perspectives ◽  
Current State ◽  
Research Challenges ◽  
Network Research ◽  
Good Research

Abstract With the growing amount and increasing heterogeneity of research on purpose-oriented networks (PONs) in the public sector, it is imperative to find a way to synthesize this research. Drawing on the varied research perspectives on PONs, we advance the idea of paradigm interplay and meta-synthesis as aspirations for the field and argue this is especially key if we want the study of PONs to inform practice. However, we recognize several challenges in the current state of the PON research that prevent the field from making strides in paradigm interplay and meta-synthesis. We discuss six challenges which we consider the most critical: different labels, differences across research foci, variation in measurement, the nestedness of networks, the dynamism of networks, and variation in the network context. We suggest six good research practices that could contribute to overcoming the challenges now so as to make integration of the research field more of a possibility in the future.

Disentangling the Translational Sciences: A Social Science Perspective

2010 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Louis D. Burgio
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Community Settings ◽  
Participatory Action ◽  
Services Research ◽  
Community Based ◽  
The Social ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Widespread Dissemination

In this article the author first attempts to disentangle a number of issues in translational science from a social science perspective. As expected in a fledgling field of study being approached from various disciplines, there are marked differences in the research literature on terminology, definition of terms, and conceptualization of staging of clinical research from the pilot phase to widespread dissemination in the community. The author asserts that translational efforts in the social sciences are at a crossroads, and its greatest challenge involves the movement of interventions gleaned from clinical trials to community settings. Four strategies for reaching this goal are discussed: the use of methods derived from health services research, a yet-to-be-developed strategy where decisions to modify aspects of an intervention derived from a clinical trial are triggered by data-based criteria, community based participatory action research (CBPR), and a hybrid system wherein methods from CBPR and traditional experimental procedures are combined to achieve translation. The author ends on an optimistic note, emphasizing the impressive advances in the area over the existing barriers and calling for a unified interdisciplinary science of translation.

scholarly journals Defining ethical challenge(s) in healthcare research: a rapid review

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Guy Schofield ◽  
Mariana Dittborn ◽  
Lucy Ellen Selman ◽  
Richard Huxtable
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Healthcare Research ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Ethical Challenge ◽  
Explicit Definition ◽  
Conceptual Clarity ◽  
Manuscript Text ◽  
Definition Of

Abstract Background Despite its ubiquity in academic research, the phrase ‘ethical challenge(s)’ appears to lack an agreed definition. A lack of a definition risks introducing confusion or avoidable bias. Conceptual clarity is a key component of research, both theoretical and empirical. Using a rapid review methodology, we sought to review definitions of ‘ethical challenge(s)’ and closely related terms as used in current healthcare research literature. Methods Rapid review to identify peer-reviewed reports examining ‘ethical challenge(s)’ in any context, extracting data on definitions of ‘ethical challenge(s)’ in use, and synonymous use of closely related terms in the general manuscript text. Data were analysed using content analysis. Four databases (MEDLINE, Philosopher’s Index, EMBASE, CINAHL) were searched from April 2016 to April 2021. Results 393 records were screened, with 72 studies eligible and included: 53 empirical studies, 17 structured reviews and 2 review protocols. 12/72 (17%) contained an explicit definition of ‘ethical challenge(s), two of which were shared, resulting in 11 unique definitions. Within these 11 definitions, four approaches were identified: definition through concepts; reference to moral conflict, moral uncertainty or difficult choices; definition by participants; and challenges linked to emotional or moral distress. Each definition contained one or more of these approaches, but none contained all four. 68/72 (94%) included studies used terms closely related to synonymously refer to ‘ethical challenge(s)’ within their manuscript text, with 32 different terms identified and between one and eight different terms mentioned per study. Conclusions Only 12/72 studies contained an explicit definition of ‘ethical challenge(s)’, with significant variety in scope and complexity. This variation risks confusion and biasing data analysis and results, reducing confidence in research findings. Further work on establishing acceptable definitional content is needed to inform future bioethics research.

scholarly journals Project Financing per il recupero funzionale ad uso ricettivo del “Forte dei Pianelloni” di Lerici

X ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norbert Frroku ◽  
Massimo Rovai ◽  
Caterina Calvani
Keyword(s):  
Feasibility Study ◽  
The Other ◽  
Project Financing ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
The Public ◽  
Current State ◽  
Financial Feasibility ◽  
Private Entity ◽  
Definition Of

Project Financing for functional recovery of the “Forte dei Pianelloni” in LericiThe central theme is the Project Financing, a complex financial instrument that can potentially be used to give a new life to a state property with a strong historical and architectural value and in a state of neglect, through the use of public-private partnerships. This evaluation technique makes it possible to understand the economic and financial feasibility of an intervention both for the owner of the asset (the public) and for the private entity that puts the resources for the requalification / restructuring and will own the profits from the management of the asset. Therefore, assuming the role of a Private Financial Promoter, I developed the Preliminary Project and the Feasibility Study with reference to two possible uses. The work was divided in two parts: in the first part the Preliminary Project was a reworking of an architectural relief kindly lent by the municipality of Lerici to expose the current state of the structure adding also hints of history. Then I made two proposals: one hypothesis is a fancy project with Resorts & Suites and the other is a more affordable one with Hostel & Camping; I considered also the differences between the two proposals. To develop the work, the use of a drone for inspections and a 3D printing to create the plastics were also experimented. In the second part that consists in the Feasibility Study was developed through an analysis of the possible positioning on the market with respect to the project hypotheses, the definition of the restructuring, management and maintenance costs. There were also analyzed other fortifications in the Gulf of Spezia, that were already reconverted in other uses. This study highlights the economic and financial feasibility of both design assumptions.

Promoting intentional unlearning through an unlearning cycle

2019 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Gabriel Cegarra-Navarro ◽  
Anthony Wensley
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Development ◽  
Organizational Context ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Current State ◽  
Widespread Agreement ◽  
Organizational Theories ◽  
Research Gap ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose Although there is widespread agreement about the importance of and need for unlearning particularly in an organizational context, concerns have been expressed by some researchers with respect to the coherence of the concept. The purpose of this paper is to complement organizational theories of unlearning with a clearer definition of intentional unlearning and develops an “unlearning cycle” comprising of the steps that influence unlearning focused on the need to update knowledge obtained in the past. Design/methodology/approach In this paper, the authors review both the current state of conceptual development and the empirical underpinning of the concept of unlearning and relate it to emerging literature on the links between levels of learning to then propose a conceptual framework which includes employees and managers as key actors in enabling intentional unlearning. Findings Unlearning critics have argued that unlearning has no explanatory value and is unnecessary because clear alternatives and less problematic concepts better frame the research gap that has been identified in the unlearning research literature. By addressing these concerns, this study proposes three key structures to facilitate intentional unlearning, namely, those represented by the unlearning cycle. Originality/value This study sheds light on the relationship across different unlearning levels. In addition, this study attempts to indicate how greater rigor may be brought to the development of research in the fields of intentional unlearning.

scholarly journals Refractory Gilles de la Tourette Syndrome—Many Pieces That Define the Puzzle

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Natalia Szejko ◽  
Adam Lombroso ◽  
Michael H. Bloch ◽  
Angeli Landeros-Weisenberger ◽  
James F. Leckman
Keyword(s):  
Tourette Syndrome ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Neuropsychiatric Disorders ◽  
Medical Attention ◽  
Childhood Onset ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Current State ◽  
Treatment Refractory ◽  
Definition Of

Gilles de la Tourette syndrome (GTS) is a childhood onset neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by the presence of motor and vocal tics. The clinical spectrum of GTS is heterogeneous and varies from mild cases that do not require any medical attention to cases that are refractory to standard treatments. One of the unresolved issues is the definition of what constitutes treatment-refractory GTS. While for some other neuropsychiatric disorders, such as obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), a clear definition has been established, there is still no consensus with regard to GTS. One important issue is that many individuals with GTS also meet criteria for one or more other neurodevelopmental and neuropsychiatric disorders. In many individuals, the severity of these comorbid conditions contributes to the degree to which GTS is treatment refractory. The scope of this paper is to present the current state-of-the-art regarding refractory GTS and indicate possible approaches to define it. In closing, we discuss promising approaches to the treatment of individuals with refractory GTS.

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