scholarly journals AUV localisation: a review of passive and active techniques

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Maurelli ◽  
Szymon Krupiński ◽  
Xianbo Xiang ◽  
Yvan Petillot
Keyword(s):  
Underwater Vehicles ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Mobile Systems ◽  
Robotic Systems ◽  
High Demand ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
The Past ◽  
Challenging Environment ◽  
Water Blocking

AbstractLocalisation, i.e. estimation of one’s position in a given environment is a crucial element of many mobile systems, manned and unmanned. Due to the high demand for autonomous exploration, patrolling and inspection services and a rapid improvement of batteries, sensors and machine learning algorithms, the quality of localisation becomes even more important for smart robotic systems. The underwater domain is a very challenging environment due to the water blocking most of the signals over short distances. Recent results in localisation techniques for underwater vehicles are summarised in two principal categories: passive techniques, which strive to provide the best estimation of the vehicle’s position (global or local) given the past and current information from sensors, and active techniques, which additionally produce guidance output that is expected to minimise the uncertainty of estimated position.

scholarly journals Meta-Learner for Amharic Sentiment Classification

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 8489
Author(s):  
Girma Neshir ◽  
Andreas Rauber ◽  
Solomon Atnafu
Keyword(s):  
Sentiment Analysis ◽  
Performance Indicator ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Sentiment Classification ◽  
Training Data ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Past ◽  
Classification Framework

The emergence of the World Wide Web facilitates the growth of user-generated texts in less-resourced languages. Sentiment analysis of these texts may serve as a key performance indicator of the quality of services delivered by companies and government institutions. The presence of user-generated texts is an opportunity for assisting managers and policy-makers. These texts are used to improve performance and increase the level of customers’ satisfaction. Because of this potential, sentiment analysis has been widely researched in the past few years. A plethora of approaches and tools have been developed—albeit predominantly for well-resourced languages such as English. Resources for less-resourced languages such as, in this paper, Amharic, are much less developed. As a result, it requires cost-effective approaches and massive amounts of annotated training data, calling for different approaches to be applied. This research investigates the performance of a combination of heterogeneous machine learning algorithms (base learners such as SVM, RF, and NB). These models in the framework are fused by a meta-learner (in this case, logistic regression) for Amharic sentiment classification. An annotated corpus is provided for evaluation of the classification framework. The proposed stacked approach applying SMOTE on TF-IDF characters (1,7) grams features has achieved an accuracy of 90%. The overall results of the meta-learner (i.e., stack ensemble) have revealed performance rise over the base learners with TF-IDF character n-grams.

scholarly journals Classification and Analysis of Malicious Traffic with Multi-layer Perceptron Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 303-310
Author(s):  
Shilpa P. Khedkar ◽  
Aroul Canessane Ramalingam
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
Traffic Classification ◽  
Multi Layer Perceptron ◽  
Qos Provisioning ◽  
Management Information ◽  
The Past ◽  
Information Classification ◽  
Important Field

Traffic classification is very important field of computer science as it provides network management information. Classification of traffic become complicated due to emerging technologies and applications. It is used for Quality of Service (QoS) provisioning, security and detecting intrusion in a system. In the past used of port, inspecting packet, and machine learning algorithms have been used widely, but due to the sudden changes in the traffic, their accuracy was diminished. In this paper a Multi-Layer Perceptron model with 2 hidden layers is proposed for traffic classification and target traffic classify into different categories. The experimental results indicate that proposed classifier efficiently classifies traffic and achieves 99.28% accuracy without feature engineering.

scholarly journals Methodologies for Determining the Service Quality of the Intercity Rail Service Based on Users’ Perceptions and Expectations in Thailand

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 4259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajjakaj Jomnonkwao ◽  
Thanapong Champahom ◽  
Vatanavongs Ratanavaraha
Keyword(s):  
Service Quality ◽  
Gap Analysis ◽  
Rail Transport ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
Rapid Improvement ◽  
Travel Mode ◽  
The Past ◽  
Perceptions And Expectations ◽  
Rail Service

There is a significant need to change people’s travel mode from personal cars to public rail, because rail transport is a more environmentally friendly travel mode. Over the past decade, the number of rail passengers has reduced because of service quality problems. Thus, this study aims to propose guidelines for precise service quality (SQ) improvements of intercity rail services in Thailand. Data were collected from 615 train passengers by distributing questionnaires at train stations in six provinces, covering all regions of Thailand. Cluster analysis (CA), factor analysis (FA), and importance-performance analysis (IPA) were applied in this research, which were used based on gap analysis. As a result of CA and FA, the 45 quality indicators were grouped into four factors, namely, vehicles, staff, services, and infrastructures/stations. The FA results seem more appropriate than those of CA in terms of providing factor loadings that indicate the importance of each indicator. The results of IPA show that the seven indicators that were analyzed fell into the “concentrate here” quadrant. To summarize the current policy, the factor most in need of rapid improvement in order to increase the quality of the intercity rail service in Thailand is that of the train car variables group; on the other hand, the main strength of the current services relates to the services provided by staff.

Immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in positively stained frozen sections

1978 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-169
Author(s):  
K. T. Tokuyasu
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Thin Layers ◽  
The Other ◽  
Positive Staining ◽  
Frozen Sections ◽  
The Past ◽  
Ultrathin Frozen Sections ◽  
Definition Of

During the past investigations of immunoferritin localization of intracellular antigens in ultrathin frozen sections, we found that the degree of negative staining required to delineate u1trastructural details was often too dense for the recognition of ferritin particles. The quality of positive staining of ultrathin frozen sections, on the other hand, has generally been far inferior to that attainable in conventional plastic embedded sections, particularly in the definition of membranes. As we discussed before, a main cause of this difficulty seemed to be the vulnerability of frozen sections to the damaging effects of air-water surface tension at the time of drying of the sections.Indeed, we found that the quality of positive staining is greatly improved when positively stained frozen sections are protected against the effects of surface tension by embedding them in thin layers of mechanically stable materials at the time of drying (unpublished).

Exercise Capacity in Chronic Heart Failure

2012 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gina G Mentzer ◽  
Alex J Auseon
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Heart Failure ◽  
Exercise Training ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Pharmacologic Therapy ◽  
The Past ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Future Therapy

Heart failure (HF) affects more than 5 million people and has an increasing incidence and cost burden. Patients note symptoms of dyspnea and fatigue that result in a decreased quality of life, which has not drastically improved over the past decades despite advances in therapies. The assessment of exercise capacity can provide information regarding patient diagnosis and prognosis, while doubling as a potential future therapy. clinically, there is acceptance that exercise is safe in hf and can have a positive impact on morbidity and quality of life, although evidence for improvement in mortality is still lacking. specific prescriptions for exercise training have not been developed because many variables and confounding factors have prevented research trials from demonstrating an ideal regimen. Physicians are becoming more aware of the indices and goals for hf patients in exercise testing and therapy to provide comprehensive cardiac care. it is further postulated that a combination of exercise training and pharmacologic therapy may eventually provide the most benefits to those suffering from hf.

Bioethics In Neurospinal Patient Care

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Andi Asadul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Time Frame ◽  
Hippocratic Oath ◽  
Moral Vision ◽  
Human Identity ◽  
The Past ◽  
Harvey Cushing ◽  
Sharp Focus ◽  
Realistic Approach ◽  
Cord Injury

Neurosurgery is among the newest of surgical disciplines, appearing in its modern incarnation at the dawn of twentieth century with the work of Harvey Cushing and contemporaries. Neurosurgical ethics involves challenges of manipulating anatomical locus of human identity and concerns of surgeons and patients who find themselves bound together in that venture.In recent years, neurosurgery ethics has taken on greater relevance as changes in society and technology have brought novel questions into sharp focus. Change of expanded armamentarium of techniques for interfacing with the human brain and spine— demand that we use philosophical reasoning to assess merits of technical innovations.Bioethics can be defined as systematic study of moral challenges in medicine, including moral vision, decisions, conduct, and policies related to medicine. Every surgeon should still take the Hippocratic Oath seriously and consider it a basic guide to follow good medical ethics in medical practice. It is simple and embodies three of the four modern bioethics principles – Respecting autonomy, beneficence, nonmaleficence, and justice.Spinal cord injury (SCI) is a devastating condition often affecting young and healthy individuals around the world. Currently, scientists are pressured on many fronts to develop an all-encompassing “cure” for paralysis. While scientific understanding of central nervous system (CNS) regeneration has advanced greatly in the past years, there are still many unknowns with regard to inducing successful regeneration. A more realistic approach is required if we are interested in improving the quality of life of a large proportion of the paralyzed population in a more expedient time frame.

Menopausal hormone therapy and uterine cancer: the acceptability of the tandem

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
O V Yakushevskaya ◽  
S V Yureneva ◽  
A E Protasova ◽  
G N Khabas ◽  
M R Dumanovskaya
Keyword(s):  
Hormone Therapy ◽  
Uterine Cancer ◽  
Menopausal Hormone Therapy ◽  
Medical Rehabilitation ◽  
Cytostatic Treatment ◽  
Systematic Analysis ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Patient Profile ◽  
The Past

The aim of the work is to conduct a systematic analysis of the available research results on the possibility of using menopausal hormone therapy (MHT) in patients who successfully completed the treatment of endometrial cancer (EC). Materials and methods. The review includes data from foreign articles published in PubMed and Medline, and domestic works published on elibrary.ru over the past 40 years. Results. The results obtained allow us to consider MHT as an independent method of medical rehabilitation for women who have undergone EC. A clear patient profile should be established, allowing the use of this method, with strict adherence to health monitoring. Conclusion Patients who have successfully completed the treatment of EC require the creation of special rehabilitation conditions in the interests of maintaining health and quality of life and should be under the close attention of the doctor. Argumented approaches to the appointment of MHT in such patients will avoid complications associated with estrogen deficiency after surgery, radiation with or without systemic (cytostatic) treatment methods.

YEAR 2020: ON THE REMAINING REPRODUCTIVE THREATS AND THEIR NEUTRALIZATION ON THE WAYS TO IMPROVE STRATEGIC PLANNING AND INDUSTRIAL POLICY, THE DEPLOYMENT OF THE NATIONAL INNOVATION SYSTEM AND ITS SECTORAL AND REGIONAL SUBSYSTEMS

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-53
Author(s):  
Yu.B. Vinslav
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Planning ◽  
Industrial Policy ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Poor Quality ◽  
National Innovation System ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
The Past ◽  
Technological Modernization

The article analyzes the main indicators of the evolution of the domestic economy and its industrial complex in the past year (in January — November 2019). It Identifies trends in this evolution, including negative trends that determine the preservation of reproductive threats in 2020: sluggishness, instability and low quality of economic growth. The main reasons for the fact that the objective resource capabilities of the macro level were clearly not used enough to effectively solve the urgent problems of technological modernization of the economy and increase people’s welfare are established. The main reason is the poor quality of public administration, including imperfect strategic planning and industrial policy; there is still no modern national innovation system in the country. Accordingly, recommendations for improving the quality of state regulation in its specified components are justified. The recommended measures, according to the author, will help the economy to move to a trajectory of rapid, sustainable and high-quality growth.

Novel Drugs and Biologics of 2016: A Boom for Neurodrugs in the Pipelin

2017 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 3809-3814
Author(s):  
D Samba Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Muscular Atrophy ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
New Drugs ◽  
Essential Medicines ◽  
High Demand ◽  
The Past ◽  
Novel Drugs ◽  
Innovative Products ◽  
Cns Drugs ◽  
The U.S

This article provides a brief overview of novel drugs approved by the U.S. FDA in 2016.  It also focuses on the emerging boom in the development of neurodrugs for central nervous system (CNS) disorders. These new drugs are innovative products that often help advance clinical care worldwide, and in 2016, twenty-two such drugs were approved by the FDA. The list includes the first new drug for disorders such as spinal muscular atrophy, Duchenne muscular dystrophy or hallucinations and delusions of Parkinson’s disease, among several others. Notably, nine of twenty-two (40%) were novel CNS drugs, indicating the industry shifting to neurodrugs. Neurodrugs are the top selling pharmaceuticals worldwide, especially in America and Europe. Therapeutic neurodrugs have proven their significance many times in the past few decades, and the CNS drug portfolio represents some of the most valuable agents in the current pipeline. Many neuroproducts are vital or essential medicines in the current therapeutic armamentarium, including dozens of “blockbuster drugs” (drugs with $1 billion sales potential).  These drugs include antidepressants, antimigraine medications, and anti-epilepsy medications. The rise in neurodrugs’ sales is predominantly due to increased diagnoses of CNS conditions. The boom for neuromedicines is evident from the recent rise in investment, production, and introduction of new CNS drugs.  There are many promising neurodrugs still in the pipeline, which are developed based on the validated “mechanism-based” strategy. Overall, disease-modifying neurodrugs that can prevent or cure serious diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, and Alzheimer’s disease, are in high demand. 

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