Antimicrobial activities of herbal plants from Uzbekistan against human pathogenic microbes

AbstractIn traditional medicine of Uzbekistan, around 20% of herbal plants are used to treat various ailments, including diseases caused by pathogenic bacteria and fungi. Though conventional medicinal plants are common in Uzbekistan, many plant species potentially useful for new pharmaceuticals are less studied. They contain various biological compounds with antibacterial and antifungal activities, that could be developed into drugs. The search for novel antimicrobial compounds, especially against multidrug-resistant pathogens from aromatic and herbal plants is an essential scientific research line. However, the antimicrobial properties of several medicinally important plants from various countries are still unknown. This review aims to provide an up-to-date report on the antimicrobial activity of medicinal plants endemic to Uzbekistan widely used in traditional medicine.

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Antimicrobial Activities of Marine Sponge-Associated Bacteria

Microorganisms ◽

10.3390/microorganisms9010171 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 171

Author(s):

Yitayal S. Anteneh ◽

Qi Yang ◽

Melissa H. Brown ◽

Christopher M. M. Franco

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

South Australia ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Marine Sponges ◽

Bioactive Metabolites ◽

Human Pathogens ◽

Sponge Associated Bacteria ◽

Microbial Symbionts ◽

Bacteria And Fungi

The misuse and overuse of antibiotics have led to the emergence of multidrug-resistant microorganisms, which decreases the chance of treating those infected with existing antibiotics. This resistance calls for the search of new antimicrobials from prolific producers of novel natural products including marine sponges. Many of the novel active compounds reported from sponges have originated from their microbial symbionts. Therefore, this study aims to screen for bioactive metabolites from bacteria isolated from sponges. Twelve sponge samples were collected from South Australian marine environments and grown on seven isolation media under four incubation conditions; a total of 1234 bacterial isolates were obtained. Of these, 169 bacteria were tested in media optimized for production of antimicrobial metabolites and screened against eleven human pathogens. Seventy bacteria were found to be active against at least one test bacterial or fungal pathogen, while 37% of the tested bacteria showed activity against Staphylococcus aureus including methicillin-resistant strains and antifungal activity was produced by 21% the isolates. A potential novel active compound was purified possessing inhibitory activity against S. aureus. Using 16S rRNA, the strain was identified as Streptomyces sp. Our study highlights that the marine sponges of South Australia are a rich source of abundant and diverse bacteria producing metabolites with antimicrobial activities against human pathogenic bacteria and fungi.

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In VitroPhytochemical, Antibacterial, and Antifungal Activities of Leaf, Stem, and Root Extracts ofAdiantum capillus veneris

The Scientific World JOURNAL ◽

10.1155/2014/269793 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Muhammad Saqib Ishaq ◽

Muhammad Medrar Hussain ◽

Muhammad Siddique Afridi ◽

Ghadir Ali ◽

Mahrukh Khattak ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Phytochemical Analysis ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Antifungal Activities ◽

Fungal Strains ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Adiantum Capillus Veneris ◽

Ethanol Extracts ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

Adiantum capillus venerisis a medicinally essential plant used for the treatment of diverse infectious diseases. The study of phytochemical and antimicrobial activities of the plant extracts against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacteria and medically important fungi is of immense significance. Extracts from the leaves, stems, and roots ofAdiantum capillus veneriswere extracted with water, methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate, and hexane and screened for their antimicrobial activity against ten MDR bacterial strains and five fungal strains isolated from clinical and water samples. Ash, moisture, and extractive values were determined according to standard protocols. FTIR (Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy) studies were performed on different phytochemicals isolated from the extracts ofAdiantum capillus Veneris. Phytochemical analysis showed the presence of flavonoids, alkaloids, tannins, saponins, cardiac glycosides, terpenoids, steroids, and reducing sugars. Water, methanol, and ethanol extracts of leaves, stems, and roots showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities against most of the MDR bacterial and fungal strains. This study concluded that extracts ofAdiantum capillus venerishave valuable phytochemicals and significant activities against most of the MDR bacterial strains and medically important fungal strains.

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Antibacterial and antifungal activities of essential oils from medicinal plants found in the South Pacific

The South Pacific Journal of Natural and Applied Sciences ◽

10.1071/sp17002 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 35 (1) ◽

pp. 10 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

R. R. Chand ◽

A. D. Jokhan ◽

R. D. Gopalan ◽

T. Osborne

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Essential Oils ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

South Pacific ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

The South ◽

Inhibition Zones ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

Natural products such as essential oils have been studied since ancient times to understand their biological properties. Essential oils are noted for their antimicrobial activity. Thus, the focus of this study was to evaluate the antimicrobial effect of five essential oils (EOs) from selected medicinal plants found in the South Pacific, on selected human pathogenic bacteria and fungi affecting agricultural industries. The disc diffusion method was carried out and the diameter of inhibition zones (mm) (DZI) using 0.25, 0.5, 5, 25, 50 and 100% (v/v) of essential oil concentrations were reported. The activity of Cananga odorata essential oils against Thermus thermophiles and Pseudomonas aeruginosa were among the selected bacteria that only showed the susceptibility at the lowest concentration (0.25% v/v). The diameter inhibition zones were 1.60 mm and 4.20 mm, respectively. The inhibitory effect of Ocimum tenuiflorum L essential oils at the highest concentration (100%) showed DZI ranging above 14 mm for all the selected bacteria and above 25 mm for the all selected fungi. The inhibitory effect of selected bacteria and fungi increased with stronger concentrations of essential oils. Hence, the essential oils from medicinal plants found in the South Pacific hold great potential for the antibacterial and antifungal properties.

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Synthesis, characterization, electrochemical behavior and antibacterial/antifungal activities of [Cd(l)X2] complexes with a Schiff base ligand

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc130520110m ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 79 (7) ◽

pp. 793-804 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Morteza Montazerozohori ◽

Sahar Yadegari ◽

Asghar Naghiha

Keyword(s):

Schiff Base ◽

Schiff Base Ligand ◽

Electrochemical Behavior ◽

Antimicrobial Properties ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Molar Conductance ◽

Salmonella Spp ◽

Antifungal Activities ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

A new symmetrical bidentate Schiff base ligand (L) was applied for the synthesis of some new cadmium coordination compounds with general formula of [Cd(L)X2] in which X is halide and pseudo-halide. The ligand and all cadmium complexes were characterized by some techniques such as elemental analysis, FT-IR, 1H, 13C NMR, UV-Visible and molar conductance. Electrochemical behavior of ligand and Cd(II) complexes were investigated by cyclic voltammetry method. Morphology and shape of [Cd(L)Cl2] particles were depicted by SEM. Antimicrobial properties such as antibacterial and antifungal activities of the complexes as compared with ligand were checked against three Gram-negative bacteria; Escherichia coli (ATCC 25922), Pseudomunase aeroginosa (ATCC 9027) and Salmonella Spp. and two Gram-positive bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus (ATCC 6538) and Corynebacterium renale and three fungal strains including Aspergillus Niger, Penicillium chrysogenum and Candida albicans. The results revealed appropriate antibacterial and antifungal activities for all compounds, and it was also found that the coordination of ligand to Cd (II) lead to an increase in the antimicrobial activities in most of cases.

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Microwave assisted synthesis of substituted 4-chloro-8-methyl-2-(1,3-diphenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,5-dioxa-2H-phenanthren-6-ones and their antimicrobial activity

Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society ◽

10.2298/jsc160209001a ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 82 (2) ◽

pp. 117-125 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dongamanti Ashok ◽

Reddy Vanaja ◽

Mdderla Sarasija ◽

Vijaya Lakshmi

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Microwave Assisted Synthesis ◽

Vilsmeier Reaction ◽

Microwave Assisted ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal ◽

Microwave Assisted Method

Due to the potential antimicrobial activity of pyranochromenones and pyrazolines moieties, hybrid compounds containing both, substituted 4-Chloro-8-methyl-2-(1,3-diphenyl- -1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-1,5-dioxa-2H-phenanthren-6-ones (4a-g), have been synthesized from substituted (E)-1-(7-Hydroxy-4-methyl-8-coumarinyl)-3-(1,3-diphenyl -1H-pyrazol-4-yl)-2-propen-1-ones (3a-g) in good yield using the Vilsmeier reaction, by microwave-assisted method. The structures of all the compounds have been established on the basis of analytical and spectral data. All the synthesized compounds were tested in vitro for their antibacterial and antifungal activities. Some of the compounds have shown very good activity compared to standard drugs against all pathogenic bacteria and fungi.

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Antimicrobial activities evaluation and phytochemical screening of some selected medicinal plants: A possible alternative in the treatment of multidrug-resistant microbes

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0249253 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. e0249253

Author(s):

Taye Kebede ◽

Eshetu Gadisa ◽

Abreham Tufa

Keyword(s):

Medicinal Plants ◽

Inhibition Zone ◽

Extraction Methods ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Antifungal Effect ◽

Healthcare Needs ◽

Bacteria And Fungi

Background Four out of five individuals rely on traditional medicine for their primary healthcare needs. Medicinal plants are endowed with diverse bioactive compounds to treat multidrug-resistant (MDR) microbes. So far, a less thorough examination has been made in this regard. This study aimed to evaluate antimicrobial activity and phytochemical screening of selected medicinal plants against MDR microbes. Methods In vitro experimental study was carried out to evaluate antimicrobial effects and phytochemical screening of Rumex abyssinicus, Cucumis pustulatus, Discopodium penninervium, Lippia adoensis, Euphorbia depauperata, Cirsium englerianum, and Polysphaeria aethiopica against MDR bacteria and fungi. Aqueous and 80% methanolic extraction methods were employed for extraction. The susceptibility test, minimum inhibitory concentration, and minimum bactericidal or fungicidal concentration were measured using disc diffusion or broth micro-dilution as per the CLSI protocols. Result The 80% methanolic extraction method was a preferred method to aqueous. The phytochemical constituents identified were alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, phenolic, tannins, terpenoidss, and cardiac glycosides. The hydroalcoholic extract demonstrated an appreciable antimicrobial role against MDR microbes with an MIC value of 1.0–128.0μg/ml and 11-29mm inhibition zone (IZ) in diameter. Extracts obtained from C. englerianum and E. depauperata showed a significant IZ ranged of 26-29mm on MRSA and Streptococcus pyogenes. MDR E. coli and K. pneumoniae showed 12-25mm and 23-28mm IZ in diameter, respectively. T. mentagraphytes was susceptible to all tested extracts. Moreover, S. pyogenes and K. pneumoniae were found the most susceptible bacteria to C. englerianum. Cirsium englerianum, L. adoensis, D. penninervium, and R. abyssinicus demonstrated remarkable antifungal effect against C. albicans and T. mentagrophytes, while R. abyssinicus showed the leading antifungal effect with 32 to 64μg/ml MIC values. Conclusion The plant extracts have shown appreciable antimicrobial activities comparable to the currently prescribed modern drugs tested. Accordingly, further studies on clinical efficacy trial, safety, toxicity and affordability analyses have to be instigated promptly, so as to head to the final step to synthesize precursor molecules for new effective antimicrobials.

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Antimicrobial and Anticancer Activities of Some Partially Acylated Thymidine Derivatives

Journal of Bio-Science ◽

10.3329/jbs.v29i0.54818 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 11-22

Author(s):

SC Tasneem ◽

J Ferdous ◽

MZH Bulbul ◽

MMH Misbah ◽

D Sujan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Agents ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽

Bacterial Strains ◽

Anticancer Activities ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Ic50 Values ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

The principal cause of human deaths in the world is primarily due to harmful pathogenic microbes as bacteria, a virus, and fungi. Searching for antimicrobial agents to prevent deaths with new structures and modes of action is an essential strategy of the research. Therefore, in the present study has been undertaken of thymidine and of its eleven acylated derivatives were employed as test chemicals for in vitro antibacterial evaluation against five human pathogenic bacteria. The compounds were also screened for antifungal functionality tests against two phytopathogenic fungi. It was observed that a good number of tested compounds exhibited moderate to good antimicrobial activities. It was also observed that these acylated compounds were more effective against the phytopathogenic fungi than those of the bacterial strains. Encouragingly, several tested chemicals showed better antibacterial and antifungal activities than the standard antibiotics employed. The minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) values of the compounds 3 (5´-O-butyrylthymidine), 7 (5´-O-palmitoylthymidine) and 12 (5´-O-4- dichloroacetylthymidine) were found to be 0.32 mg/ml and minimum bactericidal concentrations (MBC) values were found to be 0.63 mg /ml in each case. On the other hand, the minimum fungal concentration (MFC) was found to be (1.25 mg/ml) in the case of compound 7 (i.e., palmitoyl derivative) which may be used as antifungal active drug providing further investigation. In vitro MTT assays revealed that compounds 4 (5´-O-hexanoylthymidine) and 7 (5´-O-palmitoylthymidine) were effective against Ehrlich’s ascites carcinoma (EAC) cells and IC50 values were found to be 920.88 μg/ml and 792.90 μg/ml, respectively. So these compounds may be targeted for future studies for their usage as broad-spectrum antibiotics. J. Bio-Sci. 29(1): 11-22, 2021 (June)

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PHYTOCHEMICAL ANALYSIS AND EVALUATION OF ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY IN THE WHOLE PLANT EXTRACTS OF GLORIOSA SUPERBA

Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical and Clinical Research ◽

10.22159/ajpcr.2019.v12i6.33059 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 245-249 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

JOTHI CHIMAHALI ◽

ANJELIN JEBAMALAR ◽

GAJALAKSHMI DURAIKANNU ◽

SIVAKUMAR THIRUMAL

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Phytochemical Screening ◽

Gloriosa Superba ◽

Antifungal Activities ◽

Etoh Extract ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal Activities ◽

Whole Plant ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Antibacterial And Antifungal

Objectives: The aim of this research work was to carry out the phytochemical screening and to evaluate the antibacterial and antifungal activity of the whole plant extract (shoot, flower, and tuber) of the flame lily (Gloriosa superba). Materials and Methods: In the current work, phytochemicals were extracted from different parts of the plant using different solvents dimethyl sulfoxide, ethyl acetate, and ethanol (ETOH). These phytochemicals contained alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, tannins, saponins, aromatic acids, phenolic compounds, xanthoproteins, triterpenoids, amino acids, philobatinins, carbohydrate, reducing sugar, and proteins and they were separated using standard methods. Furthermore, antimicrobial activities of methanolic separation were determined using various species of bacteria and fungi. Agar well diffusion method was used for the antimicrobial activity and the zone of the inhibition was analyzed. Results: The evaluation of preliminary phytochemical screening of extracts indicated the presence of carbohydrates, reducing sugars, proteins, amino acids, steroids, flavonoids, terpenoids, saponins, alkaloids, tannins, and phlobatannins. Tuber extracts highlighted effective antibacterial and antifungal activities compared with shoot and flower extracts against all the tested bacteria and fungi. ETOH extract of the tuber observed highest antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (19 mm), followed by Escherichia coli (18 mm), Micrococcus luteus (17 mm), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (17 mm), and Salmonella abony (16 mm) when compared to shoot and flower extracts. G. superba tuber extracts highlighted effective antifungal activities compared with shoot and flower extracts against all the tested fungi. ETOH extract of the tuber observed highest antifungal activity against Rhizopus oryzae (20.17 mm), followed by Mucor Sp. (19.87 mm), Aspergillus niger (18.02), Candida krusei (17.98 mm), and Candida albicans (16.88 mm) as compared to shoot and flower extracts. Conclusion: Results of the current studies flame lily ETOH extracts showed that the plant has significant antimicrobial activities. The strong antibacterial and antifungal activities of flame lily are due to the presence of tannins and flavonoids present in.

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