scholarly journals The AI ethicist’s dilemma: fighting Big Tech by supporting Big Tech

AI and Ethics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henrik Skaug Sætra ◽  
Mark Coeckelbergh ◽  
John Danaher
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
High Risk ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Ethical Theories ◽  
Effect Change ◽  
Deontological Ethics ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Term Change ◽  
The World

AbstractAssume that a researcher uncovers a major problem with how social media are currently used. What sort of challenges arise when they must subsequently decide whether or not to use social media to create awareness about this problem? This situation routinely occurs as ethicists navigate choices regarding how to effect change and potentially remedy the problems they uncover. In this article, challenges related to new technologies and what is often referred to as ‘Big Tech’ are emphasized. We present what we refer to as the AI ethicist’s dilemma, which emerges when an AI ethicist has to consider how their own success in communicating an identified problem is associated with a high risk of decreasing the chances of successfully remedying the problem. We examine how the ethicist can resolve the dilemma and arrive at ethically sound paths of action through combining three ethical theories: virtue ethics, deontological ethics and consequentialist ethics. The article concludes that attempting to change the world of Big Tech only using the technologies and tools they provide will at times prove to be counter-productive, and that political and other more disruptive avenues of action should also be seriously considered by ethicists who want to effect long-term change. Both strategies have advantages and disadvantages, and a combination might be desirable to achieve these advantages and mitigate some of the disadvantages discussed.

scholarly journals Conservation survey, condition report and collections care proposal for the World War I portrait collection at State Records of South Australia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Ann Ernisse
Keyword(s):  
World War I ◽  
South Australia ◽  
World War ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The World ◽  
Detailed List ◽  
Collections Care ◽  
And Storage ◽  
State Records

This practical thesis project report contains a conservation survey, condition report and collections care proposal for the World War I portrait collection at State Records of South Australia. The plan prescribes immediate, short term and long term recommendations for the improvement of preservation techniques for the World War I collection. The paper also contains information and results gathered through the condition report of the collection sample and conservation survey. The survey investigated the current environment and storage facilities, access, security and disaster planning surrounding the collection. The paper also outlines the practices and methodologies of the applied thesis for both the conservation survey and condition report. The collection care proposal assesses current practices in order to provide State Records with accurate goals that offer flexible options. A detailed list of housing recommendations is included in the proposal; an advantages and disadvantages assessment if included for each option to help State Records better fit its needs and abilities in the future. Charts showing the results of the condition report and environmental assessment from the conservation survey are included in the appendix for further reference. This project is intended to draw attention to the urgent need for better preservation practices for the World War I portrait collection.

The Impact of Social Media on Children

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Tuncay Dilci ◽  
Anıl Kadir Eranıl
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Thinking Skills ◽  
Great Power ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training

This chapter examines the impacts of social media on children. Advantages and disadvantages of social media are always available. Positive aspects of social media include allowing children to be brought up as multicultural individuals, enabling education and training environments to design for purposes, using as the main or supplementary source of education, a great power in creating and sharing information. Its negative aspects include leading to a reduction of their academic, social, and cognitive skills in the early periods when children were exposed to the social media, causing the children to develop obesity, mostly bringing up as consumption-centered individuals, perceive the world as a screenshot, and have low critical, creative, and reflective thinking skills. Therefore, one of the most important tasks undertaken to reduce or eliminate the negative effects is to raise and educate media-literate individuals.

The Use and Management of Public Information in Social Media

2020 ◽  
pp. 321-336
Author(s):  
Inmaculada Sánchez-Labella Martín
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Full Advantage ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Public Information ◽  
Access To Information ◽  
City Councils ◽  
New Information ◽  
The World ◽  
Political Disaffection ◽  
Western Democracies

The increase of political disaffection in Spain, as is occurring in many western democracies across the world, coincides with a growing vindication of democracy on the part of the citizenry, which translates to a demand for more governmental transparency and access to information. With this in mind, this chapter explores the availability of information in local public administrations on social media. The study analyses the presence of town and city councils throughout Andalusia on Twitter, Facebook, and YouTube, examining how these media are managed and their effects, by studying the content and resources provided to the citizens for interacting with the institutions. The results revealed that although the selected councils tried to adopt these new information channels, they are still far from taking full advantage of the possibilities the new technologies could provide.

Family Business Governance

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-40
Author(s):  
Reena Agrawal ◽  
Ganga Bhavani
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Best Practices ◽  
Family Business ◽  
Family Businesses ◽  
Business Strategies ◽  
Business Organizations ◽  
Substantial Portion ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The World

Corporate governance is a significant tool to build strong and long relationships among various stakeholders in kinds of business organizations. Family businesses are not an exception to this. Like any other businesses, family businesses also need to have governance in place and practice to achieve the business strategies and to have long-term succession. Family-owned businesses are the backbone of many countries' economies in the world contributing substantial portion of GDP. Considering these, it is important to know the best practices of governance in family owned business organizations and the role played by governance to improve the strengths of these businesses. The chapter throws light on family business governance and explores various important practices highlighting their advantages and disadvantages in detail.

Digital Era Governance and Social Media

2020 ◽  
pp. 19-35
Author(s):  
Abdul Malik Omar
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Media ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Digital Era ◽  
The World ◽  
Governance Process ◽  
Digital Governance ◽  
Digital Dividend ◽  
Development Application

Digital technology is at the forefront of transforming how governments operate around the world. Using Brunei's Information Department (InfoDept) as a case study, this chapter looks at how the agency has evolved from its inception in the 1950s to 2019 in its embrace of both old and new media to pursue its mission and objectives as a government-run media agency. The results demonstrate how new media, such as social media, can complement old media if done right. The case study on InfoDept contributes to the growing field of research related to the increased advancement, development, application, and impact of new technologies in bolstering the digital governance process. This chapter also provides strong evidence on how governments can improve its general governance process and unlock the digital dividend in the 21st century by incorporating new media into its public policy architectonic. Salient lessons for policymakers and practitioners on digital governance have also been presented in this chapter.

scholarly journals Social Media, Networked Protest, and the March for Science

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 205630511879340 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara L. Ley ◽  
Paul R. Brewer
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Behavioral Intentions ◽  
Washington Dc ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
The Us ◽  
The World ◽  
Do So

Recent studies have explored how the US public responded to the March for Science protests that took place around the world on April 22, 2017, as well as why individuals participated in these protests. Yet, little research has examined how participants used social media and other channels to learn, communicate, and form behavioral intentions regarding the movement. In addressing these questions, the present study conceptualizes the March for Science as a “networked protest.” It then analyzes data from two surveys: one distributed through social media in the month preceding the March for Science events, and one conducted at the Washington, DC event. The results suggest that social media—particularly Facebook—played key roles in how respondents learned and communicated about the protest. At the same time, respondents also learned and communicated about it through other channels, including texting, email, and face-to-face conversations. Both social media respondents and in-person respondents reported that their experiences with the March had increased their likelihood of undertaking future online and offline actions. Furthermore, communicating through Facebook and Twitter predicted a range of self-reported effects of March experiences on intentions to undertake future actions, whereas learning through social media largely failed to do so. Thus, some—but not all—social media uses may have encouraged participants to sustain both online and offline engagement. Taken together, the findings carry potential implications for how the March for Science and other networked protests can use social media and other communication forms to mobilize supporters and facilitate long-term engagement.

scholarly journals Online Terrorism Detection Using Webdata Mining

2020 ◽  
pp. 69-75
Author(s):  
Aswathy RH ◽  
Roslin Dayana K ◽  
Vigilson Prem M
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Instant Messaging ◽  
Autonomous Systems ◽  
Smart Phone ◽  
Data Mining Algorithm ◽  
The World ◽  
Terrorist Groups ◽  
Human Effort ◽  
Video And Audio

Technology growth in facebook, whatsapp, instagram has become famous and widely used in diverse social media groups. The intention of facebook is to make the universe widely open and to stay connected. The recent mission of facebook is to stay connected with friends, colleagues, family through sharing photos, videos, stories etc. to show the daily events in the world, which provides the mean to share and express the feelings on what matters to them. Cross platform Instant messaging applications like Telegram and WhatsApp Messenger that smart phone users to establish a ubiquitous technology to exchange text, image, video and audio messages for free. This flexible technology explores more opportunities for risk and benefit for the modern era. Terrorism has increased in certain fragile parts of the world and they attack remotely. New technologies like Artificial intelligence, Machine learning autonomous and semi-autonomous systems are used by terrorist group to attack the network. These groups use social media weapons like facebook, whatsapp, Instagram to spread their information on the social network. It is essential to detect, pre-empt, prevent and eliminate the terrorism through technological spear. Terrorist groups are utilizing the internet as a platform together and convince the sin less people to take part in terrorist activities by infuriating them through web pages that inspired is enchanted individuals to take part in terrorist activities. The detection of terrorist activities needs enormous human effort. To reduce the human effort, our implement system detects the terrorist groups in social media using data mining algorithm. The intention of this work is to is to reduce the terrorism spread and to remove the terrorism related accounts effortlessly.

scholarly journals Transformative Learning in Nicaragua: A Retrospective Analysis of University Agriculture Students’ Long-Term Changes in Perspective After a Study Abroad Course

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 63-78
Author(s):  
Janiece Pigg ◽  
Adam O’Malley ◽  
Richie Roberts ◽  
Kristin Stair
Keyword(s):  
Study Abroad ◽  
Transformative Learning ◽  
Learning Outcomes ◽  
Agricultural Education ◽  
Agriculture Students ◽  
Term Change ◽  
The World ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
The U.S

Study abroad courses have become a priority for institutions of higher education because of a need to broaden students’ perspectives of the world. However, a dearth of knowledge existed regarding whether the reported outcomes of study abroad courses, such changes to students’ perspectives, endure over time. In response, this retrospective study explored how university agriculture students’ (n = 5) shared experiences during a one-week study abroad course to Nicaragua influenced their long-term changes in perspective after returning to the U.S. in 2018. Through our phenomenological analysis, three themes emerged: (1) dichotomous learning outcomes, (2) recognition of power and privilege, and (3) advocacy for global experiences. In the first theme, dichotomous learning outcomes, participants’ long-term changes in perspective appeared to vary based on their level of academic maturity. Meanwhile, in the second theme, as university agriculture students compared their lived experiences in Nicaragua to their existing assumptions of the U.S., it appeared to elicit powerful shifts concerning how they viewed the world. And, as a result, they reported their experiences prompted them to consider the implications of social inequities more deeply. In the final theme, participants reported that after returning home, they began to advocate for global experiences among their peers, family, and friends. Consequently, our findings supported the use of short-term study abroad courses to foster a positive transformation in students’ global perspectives and behaviors after returning to the U.S. Keywords: agricultural education, study abroad, phenomenology, retrospective long-term change

Crime News on TV

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeremy Lipschultz
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Societal Implications ◽  
Entertainment Media ◽  
Cultural Understanding ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Future ◽  
Crime News ◽  
Historical Developments

The discussion of crime news on television must begin with a basic cultural understanding that journalism is facing a time of dramatic change. Mitchell Stephens argued in his 2014 book Beyond News: The Future of Journalism that the news process remains challenging to define: “Journalism is the activity of collecting, presenting, interpreting, or commenting upon the news for some portion of the public” (p. xiii). In the case of crime news, a variety of historical developments changed the nature of newsgathering and presentation. Sociological and cultural theories help us understand the process, the content, and the effects. An examination of the various approaches to the study of crime news will extend cultural understanding to entertainment media and long-term societal implications of new technologies, such as social media.

Social Media and Children

2019 ◽  
pp. 11-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Ersoy
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Global Communication ◽  
Contemporary World ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Skills ◽  
Social Media Tools ◽  
Effects On Children

As a result of high-tech developments and the increase in the importance of the global communication, social media websites and applications have occurred as a new way of communication and self-expression in the contemporary world. Globalization has forced people to obtain and spread the necessary information quickly, and due to this requirement, people of all ages have had to acquire digital skills which they utilize to meet their need of learning and being informed about the issues happening around the world. Social media tools and applications are being highly and commonly used all round the world by all kinds of people from all ages in order to express themselves, get to know other people, share their opinions and learn others' opinions on the world issues, socialize, and have fun. Regarding its effects on children, social media has both advantages and disadvantages.

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