Agricultural waste based-nanomaterials: Green technology for water purification

2021 ◽  
pp. 567-585
Author(s):  
Valentin Romanovski
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Green Technology

scholarly journals Biosorption of Pb(II) Using Coffee Pulp as a Sustainable Alternative for Wastewater Treatment

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (13) ◽  
pp. 6066
Author(s):  
Dora Luz Gómez-Aguilar ◽  
Juan Pablo Rodríguez-Miranda ◽  
Deisy Baracaldo-Guzmán ◽  
Octavio José Salcedo-Parra ◽  
Javier Andrés Esteban-Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Coffee Pulp ◽  
Biosorption Process ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Development Goals

The present research shows the results obtained from the biosorption process of Pb, using coffee pulp as a biosorbent in synthetic waters. To do this, the lignin and cellulose content and the percentage of removal of Pb2+ ions was determined; additionally, the sorption’s optimal variables, such as the optimum pH, the point of zero charge (pHpzc), the kinetics and the adsorption isotherm, were determined. A comparison was made with other by-products derived from coffee crops. According to the results obtained in this research, the cellulose percentage was 29.12 ± 0.22% and the lignin percentage was 19.25 ± 0.16% in the coffee pulp, the optimum pH was 2.0 units and the kinetic model, which adjusted to the biosorption’s process, was the pseudo-second order of Ho and McKay, presenting an isotherm of Langmuir’s model and pHpzc of 3.95 units. Lastly, the removal of the pollutant was 86.45%, with a capacity of maximum adsorption of 24.10 mg·g−1 obtained with a particle size of 180 µm, time of contact of 105 min and at 100 RPM. Finally, we express that (a) the coffee pulp can be used as a sustainable alternative for the removal of the pollutant mentioned in synthetic and/or industrial wastewater matrices, to meet goals 3.9 and 6.9 of the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 agenda, and (b) the novelty of this research is the use of an agricultural waste of easy acquisition as a sorbent, without chemical modification, since it presented a high percentage of efficiency in the removal of Pb2+ ions. In turn, the challenge of this research is implementing this green technology on a pilot, semi-industrial and/or industrial scale in wastewater treatment systems.

Agricultural waste peels as versatile biomass for water purification – A review

2015 ◽  
Vol 270 ◽  
pp. 244-271 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Bhatnagar ◽  
Mika Sillanpää ◽  
Anna Witek-Krowiak
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Agricultural Waste

Biomaterials Availability: Potential for Bioethanol Production

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 243-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Intan Suhada Azmi ◽  
Amizon Azizan ◽  
Ruzitah Mohd Salleh ◽  
Rafidah Jalil ◽  
Tengku Elida Tengku Zainal Mulok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Lignocellulosic Biomass ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Urban Waste ◽  
Environmental Friendly ◽  
Acidic Conditions ◽  
The Moment

Over the last decade, there has been increasing research interest in the value of biosourced materials from lignocellulosic biomass. Abundant sources of lignocellulosic biomass such as palm,napiergrass,luceanatree, urban waste, municipal solid waste, agricultural waste and other waste have the potential to become a sustainable source of biofuel. In Malaysia, dissolution of cellulose from palm biomass to produce ethanol as future biofuels is very promising since palm residues from palm industry are highly abundant. In addition, cellulose contents in palm wastes or residues are relatively high for instance from empty fruit bunch or palm trunk. An efficient pretreatment is highly required prior to processes which convert the lignocellulosic palm biomass to bioethanol. The kinds of processes needed nowadays are called as green technology based techniques which are environmental friendly. Various solvents have been applied to dissolve cellulose including various types of ionic liquid as well. Previously, other method such as acid hydrolysis pretreatment process cause many drawbacks due to their low rates of hydrolysis and extreme acidic conditions. The dissolution process of the lignocellulosic biomass with ionic liquids is at its better advantage due to better dissolution as compared to by using organic or inorganic solvents. Therefore, at the moment, ionic liquid is becoming more preferable in dissolving the lignocellulosic biomass or any palm residues for instance.

scholarly journals PURIFICATION OF DUG WELL WATER FROM Escherichia coli BY USING CARBON OF RICE HUSK

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Hagar Karlani ◽  
Fahrul Fahrul ◽  
Maria M Meiwati ◽  
Herianus Manimoy ◽  
Loth Botahala
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Well Water ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dug Wells ◽  
Dug Well

Clean water is one of the human's main needs. Dug well water in Tombang, used for various needs. However, the dug well water has been polluted by E. Coli bacteria which is suspected to be due to the disposal of rubbish and waste carelessly and also the distance of latrines and dug wells that are very close together. Therefore it is important to do water purification using agricultural waste that is not utilized. The analysis showed that the purification of dug well water in Tombang with rice husk charcoal had reduced E. Coli bacteria by 55.6% with MPN pattern 1-0-3 so that the MPN value was 11/100 mL of sample.

scholarly journals Nano-structured Cellulose as Green Adsorbents for Water Purification: A Mini Review

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Ibrahim ◽  
N. Sazali ◽  
I. N. Ibrahim ◽  
M. S. Sharip
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Water Sources ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Good Prospect ◽  
Clean Water ◽  
Separation And Purification ◽  
Water Separation ◽  
Wide Range

Celluloses are natural polysaccharides that have garnered attentions in recent years due to their sustainability, availability and notable applications in various fields. Whilst demand of clean water sources keep increasing, modified nano-structured cellulose derived from agricultural waste showed a good prospect in adsorbing pollutants from water. To date, large number of studies have reported the performance of nanocellulose in removing wide range of pollutants from effluents. The purpose of this mini review is to present an overview of existing literatures on the utilization of nanocellulose-based materials as adsorbent for water remediation and make aware of possible development of integrating adsorption and nanotechnology for water separation and purification.

scholarly journals Synthetic Approach to Rice Waste-Derived Carbon-Based Nanomaterials and Their Applications

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 109-159
Author(s):  
Shamroza Mubarik ◽  
Nawal Qureshi ◽  
Zainab Sattar ◽  
Aqeela Shaheen ◽  
Ambreen Kalsoom ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Carbon Nanomaterials ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Biomass Waste ◽  
Carbon Based Nanomaterials ◽  
Carbon Based

The utilization of biomass waste to produce valuable products has extraordinary advantages as far as both the economy and climate are concerned, which have become particularly significant lately. The large-scale manufacturing of agricultural waste, mainly rice by-products (rice husk, rice straw, and rice bran), empowers them to be the most broadly examined biomasses as they contain lignin, cellulose, and hemicellulose. Rice waste was first used to incorporate bulk materials, while the manufacturing of versatile nanostructures from rice waste at low cost has been developed in recent years and attracts much consideration nowadays. Carbon-based nanomaterials including graphene, carbon nanotubes, carbon dots, fullerenes, and carbon nanofibers have tremendous potential in climate and energy-related applications. Various methods have been reported to synthesize high-value carbon nanomaterials, but the use of green technology for the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials is most common nowadays because of the abundant availability of the starting precursor, non-toxicity, low fabrication cost, ease of modification, and eco-friendly nature; therefore, reusing low-value biomass waste for the processing of renewable materials to fabricate high-value products is remarkable. Carbon nanomaterials derived from rice waste have broad applications in various disciplines owing to their distinctive physicochemical, electrical, optical, mechanical, thermal, and enhanced biocompatibility properties. The main objective of this review and basic criteria of selecting examples and explanations is to highlight the green routes for the synthesis of carbon nanomaterials—i.e., graphene, carbon nanotubes, and carbon dots—from rice biomass waste, and their extensive applications in biomedical research (bio-imaging), environmental (water remediation), and energy-related (electrodes for supercapacitors, Li-ion battery, fuel cells, and solar cells) applications. This review summarizes recent advancements, challenges, and trends for rice waste obtained from renewable resources for utilization in the fabrication of versatile carbon-based nanomaterials.

Preparation of activated carbon from cashew nut shells for water purification

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-22
Author(s):  
Brou Guillaume Kouassi ◽  
N. S. Serpokrylov ◽  
A. S. Smolyanichenko ◽  
E. G. Cheblakova ◽  
V. A. Gorina
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Phase Analysis ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Interlayer Spacing ◽  
Physical Activation ◽  
Size Change ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
X Ray

The article proposes using the agricultural waste of Cashew Nuts Shells (CNS) from the Republic of Côte d’Ivoire to produce activated carbon used in water treatment by physical activation. Washed and crushed CNS was carbonized at 800 °С. The obtained crushed and charred CNS was physically activated with water vapor within the temperature range of 400 to 700 °С. Specific surfaces (SBET) and porous structures of obtained activated carbon samples were investigated by low-temperature nitrogen absorption using X-ray diffraction (phase) analysis. The results showed that an increase in the activation temperature with a fixed activation time leads to larger material specific surface, microporous structure development and higher total volume of mesoand micro pores of activated carbons obtained. The X-ray phase analysis results demonstrated that the degree of graphitization, interlayer spacing and crystallite size change insignificantly. It was shown that CNS can be used for activated carbon production that is not inferior by its sorption properties to analogues currently used for water purification.

Water Purification Using Cost Effective Material Prepared from Agricultural Waste: Kinetics, Isotherms, and Thermodynamic Studies

2016 ◽  
Vol 44 (8) ◽  
pp. 1036-1045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mu. Naushad ◽  
Mohammad Rizwan Khan ◽  
Zeid Abdullah ALOthman ◽  
Ala'a H. Al-Muhtaseb ◽  
Md. Rabiul Awual ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Purification ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Thermodynamic Studies

scholarly journals Removal of Zn(II) in Synthetic Wastewater Using Agricultural Wastes

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1465
Author(s):  
Dora Luz Gómez Aguilar ◽  
Juan Pablo Rodríguez Miranda ◽  
María Xóchitl Astudillo Miller ◽  
Rayma Ireri Maldonado Astudillo ◽  
Javier Andrés Esteban Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Agricultural Wastes ◽  
Synthetic Wastewater ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Coffee Pulp ◽  
Optimum Ph ◽  
Linearized Model

In the present investigation, results obtained from the process of the biosorption of Zn(II) in synthetic wastewaters are presented, using three agricultural wastes (coffee pulp, banana pseudo-stem, and corncob). Firstly, the percentage of lignin and cellulose for each material was determined. Then, using the free software XLSTAT, the waste with the highest removal for this metal was selected and, after this, the optimum pH, kinetics, adsorption isotherm, and point of zero charge (pHpzc) were found. Finally, a comparison with other lignocellulosic materials derived from banana, corn, and coffee crops was carried out. According to the results obtained, coffee pulp was the material that showed a high removal compared to the other two (63.58%), for which the optimum pH was 5.0 units. The kinetic model, which was adjusted to the process of biosorption, was the pseudo second order of Ho and McKay, which in turn presented an isotherm of Langmuir’s linearized model where the maximum adsorption capacity with that waste was 13.53 mg × g−1, obtained with a particle size of 180 µm, contact time of 90 min at 100 RPM, temperature of 25 °C, and pHpzc 3.95 units. Lastly, the authors state that this type of agricultural waste can be used as a green technology in the treatment of wastewater, particularly in the removal of the aforementioned pollutant, in order to fulfill goals 3.9 and 6.9 of the Sustainable Development Goals of the 2030 Agenda; to the level of challenge of the research, the authors propose for the future to carry out the implementation of this type of waste, without chemical modification, in the treatment of wastewater for the removal of the mentioned pollutant in a pilot study with different wastewaters and industries.

scholarly journals Production of Activated Carbon from Natural Sources for Water Purification

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 67
Author(s):  
Rizka Alfi Fadhilah Lubis ◽  
Hafni Indriati Nasution ◽  
Moondra Zubir
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Pore Structure ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Water Purification ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Activation Method ◽  
Waste Materials ◽  
Natural Sources ◽  
Physical Chemical

Activated carbon as one of the widely used adsorbent has many application in the environment for the water purification and removing pollutant. Activated carbon can produced from agricultural waste and has not been optimally used. In this paper, these natural sources from agricultural waste materials has been reviewed and the potential as activated carbon. Characteristics of activated carbon that can be used as a activated carbon depends on surface area and pore structure prepared through activation method. Activation method for carbon depends on the precursor and characteristic of activated carbon which are expected. Natural sources can be converted into activated carbon by chemical, physical, or physical-chemical activation. Therefore, this paper is aimed to providing information about methods of production activated carbon has been reported for purify water.

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