Replacing centrifugation with mixing in urine analysis enriches protein pool in the urine samples

2021 ◽  
pp. 114284
Author(s):  
Damian Garbicz ◽  
Tomasz Pilżys ◽  
Iga Wiśniowska ◽  
Małgorzata Grzesiuk ◽  
Radosław Cylke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Protein Pool

scholarly journals Escherichia Coli From Urine Samples of Pregnant Women as an Indicator for Antimicrobial Resistance in the Community: a Field Study From Rural Burkina Faso.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.S. Post ◽  
I. Guiraud ◽  
M. Peeters ◽  
P. Lompo ◽  
S. Ombelet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli

Abstract Introduction: In low- and middle-income countries, surveillance of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is mostly hospital-based and, in view of poor access to clinical microbiology, biased to more resistant pathogens. We assessed AMR among Escherichia coli isolates obtained from urine cultures of pregnant women as an indicator for community AMR and compared the AMR results with those from E. coli isolates obtained from febrile patients in previously published clinical surveillance studies conducted within the same population in Nanoro, rural Burkina Faso.Results: Between October 2016 – September 2018, midstream urine samples collected as part of routine antenatal in Nanoro district were cultured by a dipslide method and screened for antibiotic residues. Among 6018 consenting women (median (IQR) age 25 (20 - 30)), 84 (1.4%) were excluded because of symptoms of urinary tract infection and 96 (1.6%) screened positive for antibiotic residues. Significant growth - defined as a monoculture of Enterobacterales at counts of ≥ 104 colony forming units/ml – was observed in 202 (3.4%) cultures; E. coli represented 155 (76.7%) of isolates. Among these E. coli isolates, resistance rates to ampicillin, cotrimoxazole and ciprofloxacin were respectively 65.8%, 64.4% 16.2%, compared to 89.5%, 89.5% and 62.5% among E. coli from historical clinical isolates (n = 48 of which 45 from blood cultures). Proportions of extended spectrum beta-lactamase producers and multidrug resistance were 3.2% and 5.2% among E. coli isolates from urine in pregnant women versus 35.4%, and 60.4% respectively among clinical isolates. Adding urine culture to the routine urine analysis (protein and glucose) of antenatal was feasible. The dipslide culture method was affordable and user-friendly and allowed on-site inoculation and easy transport; challenges were contamination (midstream urine sampling) and the semi-quantitative reading. Conclusions: The E. coli isolates obtained from healthy pregnant women had significantly lower AMR rates compared to clinical E. coli isolates, probably reflecting the lower antibiotic pressure in the pregnant women population. Provided confirmation of the present findings in other settings, E. coli from urine samples in pregnant women may be a potential indicator for benchmarking, comparing, and monitoring community AMR rates across populations over different countries and regions.

scholarly journals Routine urine analysis in university candidates: is it worthwhile?

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-122
Author(s):  
N. S. Khallid ◽  
F. H. Haddad
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Routine Test

The study aimed to investigate the abnormalities in urine analysis in university candidates. A total of 247 students [150 males, 97 females][mean age 20.08 years]had a medical check-up including urine analysis. In all, 38 urine samples had abnormalities [one or more abnormality/urinalysis]. Pyuria was found in 20 students [8.1%], haematuria in 15 [6.1%], albuminuria in 12 [4.8%]and casts in 9 [3.6%]. No glycosuria was found. Bacteria were found in 22 students [8.9%]and yeasts in two [0.8%]. Urinalysis is warranted as a routine test in university students because of the percentage of abnormalities found and its importance in disease surveillance. However, it should not be a criterion for refusal by universities

scholarly journals Diseases of the urinarysystem of cows : 1. Clinical examination and urine analysis

1999 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
S. A.G S.. Al - Sammarrae ◽  
W. S.T. AI – Azawi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Examination ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Urinary System ◽  
Urine Ph ◽  
Urine Sediment ◽  
Positive Results

To study the diseases of the urinary system in cows, clinical examination including rectal palpation and urine samples from (697) cows were done in some farms, hospitals and two cattle stations (AI – Latifia and Al-Dijala) during the period July 1993 to April 1994. Clinical examination and rectal paplation of all cows in Al - Dijala station showed obvious clinical signs which indicat abnormalities in the urinary system . These include changes in the size of the kidneys with the presence or absence of lobulation . The ureter was palpable in some of these cows because of it's enlargement and the bladder showed thickening of the wall. However all cows in the control group ( farms , hospitals & Ai - Latifia ) were free from any signs of urinary disturbances. The color of the urine in Al – Dijala was milky to cloudy red, and all samples were charcterized by small of ammonia. The specific gravity was low, and the urine pH was higher than normal , also all samles showed positive results for protein examination and only four cows showed positive results for benzidine test. The physical and chemical properties of the urine samples collected from control and Al - Latifia station cows were within the normal values. Examination of urine Sediment showed clear increase in the number of epithelial cells , pus cells and blood cells beside the presence of casts and bacteria in Al – Dijala station. The study concluded the close relationship between diseases of urinary and reprodective systems : Urinary system infection in Al - Dijala station cows were 100% because of a suspected out break of infectious pustule valvovaginitis which occur during the period of study, however the urine culture of Al - Latifia revealed the presence of 51 cows (19.69%) bacterial isolates. 

scholarly journals Rapid, Sensitive, and Accurate Point-of-Care Detection of Lethal Amatoxins in Urine

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Candace S. Bever ◽  
Kenneth D. Swanson ◽  
Elizabeth I. Hamelin ◽  
Michael Filigenzi ◽  
Robert H. Poppenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Urine ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Medical Assistance ◽  
Human Urine Samples ◽  
Assistance Dogs ◽  
Specialized Equipment ◽  
Point Of Care Detection

Globally, mushroom poisonings cause about 100 human deaths each year, with thousands of people requiring medical assistance. Dogs are also susceptible to mushroom poisonings and require medical assistance. Cyclopeptides, and more specifically amanitins (or amatoxins, here), are the mushroom poison that causes the majority of these deaths. Current methods (predominantly chromatographic, as well as antibody-based) of detecting amatoxins are time-consuming and require expensive equipment. In this work, we demonstrate the utility of the lateral flow immunoassay (LFIA) for the rapid detection of amatoxins in urine samples. The LFIA detects as little as 10 ng/mL of α-amanitin (α-AMA) or γ-AMA, and 100 ng/mL of β-AMA in urine matrices. To demonstrate application of this LFIA for urine analysis, this study examined fortified human urine samples and urine collected from exposed dogs. Urine is sampled directly without the need for any pretreatment, detection from urine is completed in 10 min, and the results are read by eye, without the need for specialized equipment. Analysis of both fortified human urine samples and urine samples collected from intoxicated dogs using the LFIA correlated well with liquid chromatography–mass spectrometry (LC-MS) methods.

Parahydrogen hyperpolarization of minimally altered urine samples for sensitivity enhanced NMR metabolomics

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kerti Ausmees ◽  
Nele Reimets ◽  
Indrek Reile
Keyword(s):  
Solid Phase Extraction ◽  
Urine Analysis ◽  
Solid Phase ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Phase Extraction ◽  
Nmr Metabolomics ◽  
Nmr Sensitivity

Parahydrogen hyperpolarization has been shown to enhance NMR sensitivity in urine analysis by several orders of magnitude if urine samples are prepared by solid phase extraction (SPE). We present a...

888: Metabolomic Urine Samples Profiling Using High Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Mass Spectrometry to Detect Bladder Cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (4S) ◽  
pp. 295-295
Author(s):  
Michael Mullerad ◽  
Haleem J. Issaq ◽  
Alexander Kravtsov ◽  
Timothy Waybright ◽  
Brian Luke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
High Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Liquid Chromatography ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Urine Samples

Detection of the Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia Mutations in Arab and Iraqi-Jewish Patients by Polymerase Chain Reaction and Restriction Analysis of Blood or Urine Samples

1991 ◽  
Vol 66 (04) ◽  
pp. 500-504 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Peretz ◽  
U Seligsohn ◽  
E Zwang ◽  
B S Coller ◽  
P J Newman
Keyword(s):  
Polymerase Chain Reaction ◽  
Base Pair ◽  
Restriction Analysis ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Base Pairs ◽  
Glanzmann’S Thrombasthenia ◽  
Glanzmann's Thrombasthenia ◽  
Base Pair Deletion ◽  
Polymerase Chain

SummarySevere Glanzmann's thrombasthenia is relatively frequent in Iraqi-Jews and Arabs residing in Israel. We have recently described the mutations responsible for the disease in Iraqi-Jews – an 11 base pair deletion in exon 12 of the glycoprotein IIIa gene, and in Arabs – a 13 base pair deletion at the AG acceptor splice site of exon 4 on the glycoprotein IIb gene. In this communication we show that the Iraqi-Jewish mutation can be identified directly by polymerase chain reaction and gel electrophoresis. With specially designed oligonucleotide primers encompassing the mutation site, an 80 base pair segment amplified in healthy controls was clearly distinguished from the 69 base pair segment produced in patients. Patients from 11 unrelated Iraqi-Jewish families had the same mutation. The Arab mutation was identified by first amplifying a DNA segment consisting of 312 base pairs in controls and of 299 base pairs in patients, and then digestion by a restriction enzyme Stu-1, which recognizes a site that is absent in the mutant gene. In controls the 312 bp segment was digested into 235 and 77 bp fragments, while in patients there was no change in the size of the amplified 299 bp segment. The mutation was found in patients from 3 out of 5 unrelated Arab families. Both Iraqi-Jewish and Arab mutations were detectable in DNA extracted from blood and urine samples. The described simple methods of identifying the mutations should be useful for detection of the numerous potential carriers among the affected kindreds and for prenatal diagnosis using DNA extracted from chorionic villi samples.

A highly sensitive sandwich enzyme immunoassay of urinary growth hormone in children with short stature, Turner's syndrome, and simple obesity

1989 ◽  
Vol 121 (4) ◽  
pp. 513-519 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroshi Tomita ◽  
Masamichi Ogawa ◽  
Takashi Kamijo ◽  
Osamu Mori ◽  
Eiji Ishikawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Short Stature ◽  
Enzyme Immunoassay ◽  
Gh Deficiency ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Turner's Syndrome ◽  
Turner’S Syndrome ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Simple Obesity ◽  
Sandwich Enzyme Immunoassay

Abstract. GH values were determined by a highly sensitive sandwich enzyme immunoassay in the 1st morning and/or 24-h accumulated urine samples in 94 children (short stature 70, including 14 with complete GH deficiency, 9 with partial GH deficiency, and 47 with GH-normal short stature; Turner's syndrome, 10, and simple obesity, 14). GH values were also determined in the 2nd to 4th urine samples taken on the same day together with the 1st morning urine in 5 of them. GH values in the 1st morning urine correlated significantly with those of the 24-h urine and with serum peak and mean GH values during nocturnal sleep as a physiological GH secretion test. The 2nd to 4th urines had lower GH concentrations than the 1st morning urine. The GH value of the 1st morning urine in complete GH deficiency was significantly lower than those in GH-normal short stature, partial GH deficiency and Turner's syndrome. However, no significant difference was detected in urinary GH values between complete GH deficiency and simple obesity. We conclude that 1st morning urinary GH estimation may be useful for differentiation of complete GH deficiency from other causes of short stature, but may be difficult for the distinction between complete GH deficiency and obesity with normal GH secretory ability.

HYPEROESTROGENISMUS AND RHEUMATOID ARTHRITIS

1960 ◽  
Vol XXXIV (I) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. L. Kalliomäki ◽  
Lauri Rauramo
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Urine Samples ◽  
Menstrual Bleeding ◽  
Menstrual Phase ◽  
Joint Symptoms ◽  
The Mean

ABSTRACT The authors have endeavoured to clarify the frequency of the hyperoestrogenismus syndrome in women with rheumatoid arthritis, aged 17–38 years, by means of clinical and cytologic studies, and by hormonal analyses. The material comprises 32 patients. Of these, 30 were suitable for cytologic observation. In 5 (17 %) of these 30 patients, the hyperoestrogenismus syndrome (17 %) may be considered definitely established. Aggravation of the joint symptoms in the pre-menstrual phase was reported by 41 % of the patients. Values for excretion of oestrogen exceeding 200 mouse units/24 hours were noted one week before menstrual bleeding in 8 of 19 women; the mean for oestrogen excretion was 268 mouse units/24 hours. Gonadotrophins were studied in the same urine samples, and the mean excretion was 22 mouse units/24 hours (range 7–65 m. u.). The excretion mean for 17-ketosteroids, simultaneously studied, was 9.1 mg/24 hours (range 2.3–18.0 mg). Side-finding in the material were made: incipient cervical cancer in one patient, ovarial tumour in one, and trichomoniasis in seven.

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