In Vitro and In Vivo Hypoglycaemic Effect of Camellia Sinensis on Alpha Glucosidase Activity and Glycaemic Index of White Bread

AbstractThe glycaemic index (GI) is an in vivo measurement based on the glycaemicresponse to carbohydrate-containing foods, and allows foods to be ranked on the basis of the rate of digestion and absorption of the carbohydrates that they contain. GI values are normalizedto a reference amount of available carbohydrate and do not reflect the amounts of carbohydrate normally present in foods; for example, a food with a low content of carbohydrates will have a high GI value if that carbohydrate is digested and absorbed rapidly in the human small intestine. This is potentially confusing for a person wishing to control his or her blood glucoselevels by the choice of foods. The rate and extent of starch digestion in vitro has been measured using a technique that classifies starch into three major fractions: rapidly digestible starch (RDS), slowly digestible starch (SDS) and resistant starch (RS). In addition, thistechnique gives a value for rapidly available glucose (RAG), which includes RDS, free glucose and the glucose moiety of sucrose. When the values for thirty-nine foods were expressed on the basis ofthe available carbohydrate content of these foods, highly significant (P<0·001) positive correlations were observed between GI and both RDS and RAG. The measurement of RAGin vitro provides values for direct calculation of the amount of glucose likely to be rapidly absorbed in the human small intestine and,thus, to influence blood glucose and insulin levels. These values can be used to compare foods, as eaten,on an equal-weight basis. Food-table RAG values would allow simple calculation of the total amount of RAG provided by single foods, by whole meals and by whole diets. Studies are planned in which RAG and the glycaemic response in man will be measured for identical food products.

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Potent Natural Inhibitors of Alpha-Glucosidase and Alpha-Amylase against Hyperglycemia in Vitro and in Vivo

10.20944/preprints201703.0116.v1 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jirawat Riyaphan ◽

Chien-Hung Jhong ◽

May-Jwan Tsai ◽

Der-Nan Lee ◽

Max K. Leong ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Type Ii Diabetes ◽

Herbal Medicines ◽

Alpha Amylase ◽

Type Ii ◽

Reference Drug ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Natural Inhibitors ◽

Alpha Glucosidase

The inhibition of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase is one of clinic strategies for remedy the type II diabetes. Herbal medicines are reported to alleviate hyperglycemia. However, the constituents from those sources whether are targeted to the alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase still unexplored. This study attempted to select the compounds for efficacy of hypoglycemia via cellular and mouse levels. The results illustrated that the cytotoxicity in all tested compounds at various concentrations except the concentration of 16-hydroxy-cleroda-3,13-dine-16,15-olide (HCD) at 30 µM were not significant difference (p > 0.05) when compared with the untreated control. Acarbose (reference drug), Antroquinonol, Catechin, Quercetin, Actinodaphnine, Curcumin, HCD, Docosanol, Tetracosanol, Berberine, and Rutin could effectively inhibit the alpha-glucosidase activity of Caco-2 cells when compared with the control (maltose). The compounds (Curcumin, HCD, Tetracosanol, Antroquinonol, Berberine, Catechin, Actinodaphnine, and Rutin) could reduce blood sugar level at 30 min in tested mice. The effects of tested compounds on area under curve (AUC) were significant (p < 0.05) among Acarbose, Tetracosanol, Antroquinonol, Catechin, Actinodaphnine, and Rutin along with Berberine and Quercetin. In in vitro (alpha-glucosidase) with in vivo (alpha-amylase) experiments suggest that bioactive compounds can be a potential inhibitor candidate of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase for the alleviation of type II diabetes.

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IN VITRO EFFECT OF TERPENOIDS - RICH EXTRACT OF Momordica charantia ON ALPHA GLUCOSIDASE ACTIVITY

Revista Vitae ◽

10.17533/udea.vitae.v25n3a05 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 25 (3) ◽

pp. 148-153 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

A. B. Sallau ◽

◽

R. N. Yakubu ◽

S. M. Aliyu ◽

A. Salihu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Momordica Charantia ◽

Glucosidase Activity ◽

Vitro Effect ◽

Alpha Glucosidase

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Inhibition of α-Glucosidase, Intestinal Glucose Absorption, and Antidiabetic Properties by Caralluma europaea

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1155/2018/9589472 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2018 ◽

pp. 1-8 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Hayat Ouassou ◽

Touda Zahidi ◽

Saliha Bouknana ◽

Mohamed Bouhrim ◽

Hassane Mekhfi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Ethyl Acetate Fraction ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Tolerance Test ◽

Glucose Absorption ◽

Significant Inhibition ◽

Oral Glucose ◽

Glucosidase Activity ◽

Intestinal Glucose Absorption

Many medicinal plants around the world are used for therapeutic purposes against several diseases, including diabetes mellitus. Due to their composition of natural substances that are effective and do not represent side effects for users, unlike synthetic drugs, in this study, we investigated the inhibitory effect of Caralluma europaea (CE) on α-glucosidase activity in vitro; then the kinetics of the enzyme were studied with increasing concentrations of sucrose in order to determine the inhibition type of the enzyme. In addition, this effect of Caralluma europaea (CE) was confirmed in vivo using rats as an experimental animal model. Among the five fractions of CE, only the ethyl acetate fraction of C. europaea (EACe) induced a significant inhibition of α-glucosidase and its inhibition mode was competitive. The in vivo studies were conducted on mice and rats using glucose and sucrose as a substrate, respectively, to determine the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The results obtained showed that the EACe and the aqueous extract of C. europaea (AECe) have significantly reduced the postprandial hyperglycemia after sucrose and glucose loading in normal and diabetic rats. AECe, also, significantly decreased intestinal glucose absorption, in situ. The results obtained showed that Caralluma europaea has a significant antihyperglycemic activity, which could be due to the inhibition of α-glucosidase activity and enteric absorption of glucose.

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Can Manipulation of Durum Wheat Amylose Content Reduce the Glycaemic Index of Spaghetti?

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods9060693 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 9 (6) ◽

pp. 693 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mike Sissons ◽

Francesco Sestili ◽

Ermelinda Botticella ◽

Stefania Masci ◽

Domenico Lafiandra

Keyword(s):

Durum Wheat ◽

Wheat Cultivar ◽

Amylose Content ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Glycaemic Index ◽

Glycaemic Response ◽

Branching Enzymes ◽

Lifestyle Diseases

Resistant starch (RS) in foods has positive benefits for potentially alleviating lifestyle diseases. RS is correlated positively with starch amylose content. This study aimed to see what level of amylose in durum wheat is needed to lower pasta GI. The silencing of starch synthases IIa (SSIIa) and starch branching enzymes IIa (SBEIIa), key genes involved in starch biosynthesis, in durum wheat cultivar Svevo was performed and spaghetti was prepared and evaluated. The SSIIa and SBEIIa mutants have a 28% and 74% increase in amylose and a 2.8- and 35-fold increase in RS, respectively. Cooked pasta was softer, with higher cooking loss but lower stickiness compared to Svevo spaghetti, and with acceptable appearance and colour. In vitro starch digestion extent (area under the digestion curve) was decreased in both mutants, but much more in SBEIIa, while in vivo GI was only significantly reduced from 50 to 38 in SBEIIa. This is the first study of the glycaemic response of spaghetti prepared from SBEIIa and SSIIa durum wheat mutants. Overall pasta quality was acceptable in both mutants but the SBEIIa mutation provides a clear glycaemic benefit and would be much more appealing than wholemeal spaghetti. We suggest a minimum RS content in spaghetti of ~7% is needed to lower GI which corresponded to an amylose content of ~58%.

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Antibacterial activities of Camellia sinensis plant extracts against uropathogenic E. coli in vitro and in vivo

African Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmacology ◽

10.5897/ajpp2020.5146 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 14 (6) ◽

pp. 147-155

Author(s):

J. N. Agbom ◽

O. Ogbu ◽

I. R. Iroha ◽

I. B. Moses ◽

A. L. Onuora ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Camellia Sinensis ◽

Plant Extracts ◽

Antibacterial Activities ◽

E Coli

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Effect of semolina pudding prepared from starch branching enzyme IIa and b mutant wheat on glycaemic response in vitro and in vivo: a randomised controlled pilot study

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c9fo02460c ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 617-627 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Marina Corrado ◽

Anna Cherta-Murillo ◽

Edward S. Chambers ◽

Abigail J. Wood ◽

Amy Plummer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pilot Study ◽

Glycaemic Index ◽

Branching Enzyme ◽

Starch Branching Enzyme ◽

Glycaemic Response ◽

Randomised Controlled

The starch characteristics of raw semolina determine sbeIIa/b-AB pudding digestibility in vitro and glycaemic index in vivo.

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Development of diarylpentadienone analogues as alpha-glucosidase inhibitor: Synthesis, in vitro biological and in vivo toxicity evaluations, and molecular docking analysis

Bioorganic Chemistry ◽

10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104277 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 104 ◽

pp. 104277

Author(s):

Maryam Aisyah Abdullah ◽

Yu-Ri Lee ◽

Siti Nurulhuda Mastuki ◽

Sze Wei Leong ◽

Wan Norhamidah Wan Ibrahim ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Docking ◽

Docking Analysis ◽

In Vivo Toxicity ◽

Glucosidase Inhibitor ◽

Alpha Glucosidase ◽

Molecular Docking Analysis

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Evaluation of anti-diabetic and alpha glucosidase inhibitory action of anthraquinones from Rheum emodi

Food & Function ◽

10.1039/c5fo00519a ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (8) ◽

pp. 2693-2700 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Aditya Arvindekar ◽

Tanaji More ◽

Pavan V. Payghan ◽

Kirti Laddha ◽

Nanda Ghoshal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Molecular Docking ◽

Inhibitory Action ◽

Docking Studies ◽

Molecular Docking Studies ◽

Alpha Glucosidase

The 1,8-dihydroxyanthraquinones from the culinary and medicinally important plant Rheum emodi exert anti-hyperglycemic potential but notably different α-glucosidase actions as established by in vitro, in vivo, kinetics and molecular docking studies.

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