scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis Disturbs Epithelial Tissue Homeostasis in Fallopian Tubes via Paracrine Wnt Signaling

2012 ◽  
Vol 180 (1) ◽  
pp. 186-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mirjana Kessler ◽  
Julia Zielecki ◽  
Oliver Thieck ◽  
Hans-Joachim Mollenkopf ◽  
Christina Fotopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Fallopian Tubes

scholarly journals Regulation of Wnt Signaling by FOX Transcription Factors in Cancer

Cancers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 3446
Author(s):  
Stefan Koch
Keyword(s):  
Transcription Factors ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Wnt Pathway ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Wnt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Forkhead Box ◽  
Signaling Activity

Aberrant activation of the oncogenic Wnt signaling pathway is a hallmark of numerous types of cancer. However, in many cases, it is unclear how a chronically high Wnt signaling tone is maintained in the absence of activating pathway mutations. Forkhead box (FOX) family transcription factors are key regulators of embryonic development and tissue homeostasis, and there is mounting evidence that they act in part by fine-tuning the Wnt signaling output in a tissue-specific and context-dependent manner. Here, I review the diverse ways in which FOX transcription factors interact with the Wnt pathway, and how the ectopic reactivation of FOX proteins may affect Wnt signaling activity in various types of cancer. Many FOX transcription factors are partially functionally redundant and exhibit a highly restricted expression pattern, especially in adults. Thus, precision targeting of individual FOX proteins may lead to safe treatment options for Wnt-dependent cancers.

scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis immunoglobulin G3 seropositivity is a predictor of reproductive outcomes in infertile women with patent fallopian tubes

2015 ◽  
Vol 104 (6) ◽  
pp. 1522-1526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Z. Steiner ◽  
Michael P. Diamond ◽  
Richard S. Legro ◽  
William D. Schlaff ◽  
Kurt T. Barnhart ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Reproductive Outcomes ◽  
Infertile Women

scholarly journals Role of Activins and Inducible Nitric Oxide in the Pathogenesis of Ectopic Pregnancy in Patients with or without Chlamydia trachomatis Infection

2009 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1493-1503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassem Refaat ◽  
Majedah Al-Azemi ◽  
Ian Geary ◽  
Adrian Eley ◽  
William Ledger
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Immune Response ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Ectopic Pregnancy ◽  
Fallopian Tube ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Human Fallopian Tube ◽  
Inducible Nitric Oxide

ABSTRACT Chlamydia trachomatis infection can lead to pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy (EP), infertility, and chronic pelvic pain in women. Activins and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) are produced by the human fallopian tube, and we speculate that tubal activins and iNOS may be involved in the immune response to C. trachomatis in humans and their pathological alteration may result in tubal pathology and the development of EP. Blood and fallopian tubes were collected from 14 women with EP. Sera were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to detect antibodies against chlamydial heat shock protein 60 (chsp60) and the major outer membrane protein of C. trachomatis. Confirmation of C. trachomatis serology was made using the microimmunofluorescence test. The patients were classified into three groups according to their serological results, and immunohistochemistry and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR were performed to investigate the expression of candidate molecules by tubal epithelial cells among the three groups. This is the first study to show an increase in the expression of activin βA subunit, type II receptors, follistatin, and iNOS within the human fallopian tube of EP patients who were serologically positive for C. trachomatis. A similar expression profile was observed in the fallopian tubes with detectable antibodies only against chsp60. These results were shown at the mRNA and protein levels. We suggest that tubal activin A, its type II receptors, follistatin, and NO could be involved in the microbial-mediated immune response within the fallopian tube, and their pathological expression may lead to tubal damage and the development of EP.

scholarly journals Chlamydia trachomatis infection of the Fallopian tubes. Histological findings in two patients.

1979 ◽  
Vol 55 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-428
Author(s):  
B R Moller ◽  
L Westrom ◽  
S Ahrons ◽  
K T Ripa ◽  
L Svensson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Histological Findings ◽  
Chlamydia Trachomatis Infection

scholarly journals Immune Pathogenesis of Asymptomatic Chlamydia trachomatis Infections in the Female Genital Tract

1995 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 169-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven S. Witkin
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Genital Tract ◽  
Pregnancy Loss ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
In Vivo Studies ◽  
Fallopian Tubes ◽  
Female Genital

Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) infections of the female genital tract, although frequently asymptomatic, are a major cause of fallopian-tube occlusion and infertility. Early stage pregnancy loss may also be due to an unsuspected and undetected CT infection. In vitro and in vivo studies have demonstrated that this organism can persist in the female genital tract in a form undetectable by culture. The mechanism of tubal damage as well as the rejection of an embryo may involve an initial immune sensitization to the CT 60 kD heat shock protein (HSP), followed by a reactivation of HSP-sensitized lymphocytes in response to the human HSP and the subsequent release of inflammatory cytokines. The periodic induction of human HSP expression by various microorganisms or by noninfectious mechanisms in the fallopian tubes of women sensitized to the CT HSP may eventually result in tubal scarring and occlusion. Similarly, an immune response to human HSP expression during the early stages of pregnancy may interfere with the immune regulatory mechanisms required for the maintenance of a semiallogeneic embryo.

scholarly journals p38 MAPK-dependent shaping of the keratin cytoskeleton in cultured cells

2007 ◽  
Vol 177 (5) ◽  
pp. 795-807 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Wöll ◽  
Reinhard Windoffer ◽  
Rudolf E. Leube
Keyword(s):  
P38 Mapk ◽  
Intermediate Filament ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Physiological Stress ◽  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Down Regulation ◽  
Granule Formation ◽  
Keratin Filament ◽  
Filament Network

Plasticity of the resilient keratin intermediate filament cytoskeleton is an important prerequisite for epithelial tissue homeostasis. Here, the contribution of stress-activated p38 MAPK to keratin network organization was examined in cultured cells. It was observed that phosphorylated p38 colocalized with keratin granules that were rapidly formed in response to orthovanadate. The same p38p recruitment was noted during mitosis, in various stress situations and in cells producing mutant keratins. In all these situations keratin 8 became phosphorylated on S73, a well-known p38 target site. To demonstrate that p38-dependent keratin phosphorylation determines keratin organization, p38 activity was pharmacologically and genetically modulated: up-regulation induced keratin granule formation, whereas down-regulation prevented keratin filament network disassembly. Furthermore, transient p38 inhibition also inhibited keratin filament precursor formation and mutant keratin granule dissolution. Collectively, the rapid and reversible effects of p38 activity on keratin phosphorylation and organization in diverse physiological, stress, and pathological situations identify p38-dependent signalling as a major intermediate filament–regulating pathway.

scholarly journals WNT and β-Catenin in Cancer: Genes and Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 177-196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rene Jackstadt ◽  
Michael Charles Hodder ◽  
Owen James Sansom
Keyword(s):  
Tumor Microenvironment ◽  
Wnt Signaling ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Wnt Pathway ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Wnt Signaling Pathway ◽  
Therapeutic Strategies ◽  
Tissue Homeostasis ◽  
Cancer Genes

The WNT pathway is a pleiotropic signaling pathway that controls developmental processes, tissue homeostasis, and cancer. The WNT pathway is commonly mutated in many cancers, leading to widespread research into the role of WNT signaling in carcinogenesis. Understanding which cancers are reliant upon WNT activation and which components of the WNT signaling pathway are mutated is paramount to advancing therapeutic strategies. In addition, building holistic insights into the role of WNT signaling in not only tumor cells but also the tumor microenvironment is a vital area of research and may be a promising therapeutic strategy in multiple immunologically inert cancers. Novel compounds aimed at modulating the WNT signaling pathway using diverse mechanisms are currently under investigation in preclinical/early clinical studies. Here, we review how the WNT pathway is activated in multiple cancers and discuss current strategies to target aberrant WNT signaling.

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