scholarly journals Readmission Among Hospitalized Patients: An Important Health Care Issue

2017 ◽  
Vol 130 (3) ◽  
pp. e121
Author(s):  
Karuppiah Arunachalam
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Care Issue ◽  
Important Health

Etiologies, Clinical Manifestations, and Factors Associated with Severe Symptomatic Hyponatremia among Hospitalized Hyponatremia Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 103 (5) ◽  
pp. 465-471
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Close Attention ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Present Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Baseline Characteristics

Background: Hyponatremia is associated with unfavorable outcomes in many cases. The mainstay of hyponatremia treatment depends on its symptoms and etiology. However, etiologies, clinical manifestations, and factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia have been rarely reported. Objective: To analyze and report etiologies, clinical manifestations, and factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia. Materials and Methods: In the present cross-sectional study, the authors enrolled hospitalized patients with hyponatremia who had consulted a nephrologist between October 1, 2017, and October 31, 2018. Their baseline characteristics and clinical manifestations were recorded. Etiologies were confirmed by the attending nephrology staff. Factors associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia were evaluated using logistic regression analysis. Results: One hundred patients were included in this study. The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuresis (SIAD), hypovolemia, and hydrochlorothiazide use were the leading hyponatremia etiologies. Hyponatremia etiologies differed between patients with community-acquired hyponatremia (n=50) and those with hospital-associated hyponatremia (n=50). Patients with communityacquired hyponatremia were older, presented with a higher frequency of severe symptomatic hyponatremia, and showed lower SNa-levels. Low SNa-levels were significantly associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia (p=0.014). Conclusion: Hyponatremia remains an important health problem. SIAD, hypovolemia, and hydrochlorothiazide use are among the leading etiologies of hyponatremia. Low SNa-levels are associated with severe symptomatic hyponatremia; thus, physicians should pay close attention to low SNa-levels in hospitalized patients. Keywords: Hyponatremia, Symptomatic Hyponatremia, Community-acquired hyponatremia, Hospital-associated hyponatremia

scholarly journals COVID‐19 outcomes in hospitalized patients with active cancer: Experiences from a major New York City health care system

Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chen Fu ◽  
James H. Stoeckle ◽  
Lena Masri ◽  
Abhishek Pandey ◽  
Meng Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
New York ◽  
New York City ◽  
Health Care System ◽  
York City ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Active Cancer ◽  
Care System

scholarly journals Process Mapping to Examine How Goals of Care Discussions and Decisions about Life-Sustaining Treatments Occur On Medical Wards: A Multi-Center Observational Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-25
Author(s):  
Dev Jayaraman ◽  
Nishan Sharma ◽  
Alannah Smrke ◽  
Jessica Simon ◽  
Peter Dodek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Nous Avons ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Hospital Setting ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Communication Process ◽  
Prise De Décision ◽  
Goals Of Care ◽  
Travailleurs De La Santé

BackgroundPoor quality communication about goals of care with seriously ill, hospitalized patients is associated with substantial discordance between prescribed medical orders for life-sustaining treatment and patients’ stated preferences. Designing tailored solutions to this discordance requires a better understanding of this communication process. ObjectiveTo acquire a detailed understanding of the process of communication about goals of care and decision making about life-sustaining treatments for hospitalized patients, and to seek opportunities for improvement. SettingMedical wards of three university-affiliated teaching hospitals in Canada. MethodAt each site, we used drop-in sessions and one-on-one interviews to consult with health care workers on eligible wards to create cross-functional (swim lane) maps of the process of communication about goals of care and decision making about life-sustaining treatments. Healthcare workers were also asked about barriers to this process to enable the identification of opportunities for improvement. ResultsA total of 112 healthcare workers provided input into the creation of process maps across the three sites. Common elements across sites were that: (1) physicians play a central role, (2) the full process for a given patient involves several interactions amongst members of the inter-professional team, and (3) the process is iterative. We also noted between-site variations in the location of GoC discussions and the extent to which trainees and multi-disciplinary team members were involved. Finally, we identified several key barriers that may serve as targets for future quality improvement efforts: suboptimal location of conversations, insufficient support of physician learners in goals-of-care conversations, and incomplete engagement of the inter-professional team. ConclusionEfforts to improve the quality of goals-of-care discussions and decision making about life-sustaining treatments in the hospital setting need to account for the central role played by physicians in the process but can be enhanced if they can more fully engage the inter-professional health care team.Resume Contexte Une communication de mauvaise qualité sur les objectifs des soins aux patients gravementmalades et hospitalisés est associée à une discordance importante entre les ordonnances médicales prescrites pour un traitement de survie et les préférences déclarées des patients. La conception de solutions adaptées à cette discordance nécessite une meilleure compréhension de ce processus de communication. ObjectifAcquérir une compréhension détaillée du processus de communication sur les objectifs des soins et la prise de décision sur les traitements de maintien de la vie pour les patients hospitalisés, et rechercher des possibilités d’amélioration. ParamètresLes services médicaux de trois hôpitaux universitaires canadiens affiliés à l’université. MéthodeSur chaque site, nous avons eu recours à des séances d’information et à des entretiens individuels pour consulter les travailleurs de la santé dans les services éligibles afin de créer des cartes interfonctionnelles (couloir de nage) du processus de communication sur les objectifs des soins et la prise de décision sur les traitements de maintien des fonctions vitales. Les travailleurs de la santé ont également été interrogés sur les obstacles à ce processus afin de permettre l’identification des possibilités d’amélioration. RésultatsAu total, 112 travailleurs de la santé ont participé à la création de cartes de processus sur les trois sites. Les éléments communs à tous les sites étaient les suivants : (1) les médecins jouent un rôle central, (2) le processus complet pour un patient donné implique plusieurs interactions entre les membres de l’équipe interprofessionnelle, et (3) le processus est itératif. Nous avons également noté des variations entre les sites en ce qui concerne le lieu des discussions du gouvernement et le degré d’implication des stagiaires et des membres de l’équipe pluridisciplinaire. Enfin, nous avons identifié plusieurs obstacles clés qui pourraient servir de cibles aux futurs efforts d’amélioration de la qualité : le lieu sous-optimal des conversations, le soutien insuffisant des apprenants médecins dans les conversations sur les objectifs de soins et l’engagement incomplet de l’équipe interprofessionnelle. ConclusionLes efforts visant à améliorer la qualité des discussions sur les objectifs des soins et la prise de décision concernant les traitements vitaux en milieu hospitalier doivent tenir compte du rôle central joué par les médecins dans le processus, mais peuvent être renforcés s’ils peuvent faire participer davantage l’équipe interprofessionnelle de soins de santé.

scholarly journals Benefits and Risks of Aquaculture Foods in Primary Health Care: A Mini-Review

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.M. Tiamiyu ◽  
I.A. Adesina
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Primary Health Care ◽  
Health Sector ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Prosperity ◽  
Primary Health ◽  
Primary Responsibility ◽  
Aquaculture Industry ◽  
Important Health ◽  
The Right

Primary Health Care (PHC) is expected to serve as a basis for the country's health sector, of which it is the primary responsibility and priority, as well as the community's overall collective and economic prosperity. Promotion of food supply and proper nutrition are among eight elements of PHC. Protein deficiency is one of the most important health concerns in some parts of the world. A huge numbers of malnourished or hungry people have been reported particularly in the less developed countries. Advantages of aquaculture in nutrition are varied. However, there are some zoonotic microbial illnesses occurred due to consumption of infected seafood. Some of these challenges will be cor- rected by good aquaculture practices. With the right reforms in the aquaculture industry, progress can be made toward solving some of the challenges facing PHC delivery. In this mini-review, the benefits and risks of aquaculture foods in PHC are briefly discussed.

scholarly journals Resistance Mechanisms, Epidemiology, and Approaches to Screening for Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococcus in the Health Care Setting

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 2436-2447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew L. Faron ◽  
Nathan A. Ledeboer ◽  
Blake W. Buchan
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Infection Control ◽  
Control Strategies ◽  
Resistance Mechanisms ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Vancomycin Resistant ◽  
Hospital Acquired

Infections attributable to vancomycin-resistantEnterococcus(VRE) strains have become increasingly prevalent over the past decade. Prompt identification of colonized patients combined with effective multifaceted infection control practices can reduce the transmission of VRE and aid in the prevention of hospital-acquired infections (HAIs). Increasingly, the clinical microbiology laboratory is being asked to support infection control efforts through the early identification of potential patient or environmental reservoirs. This review discusses the factors that contribute to the rise of VRE as an important health care-associated pathogen, the utility of laboratory screening and various infection control strategies, and the available laboratory methods to identify VRE in clinical specimens.

Violence against Women as a Health Care Issue

2018 ◽  
pp. 286-302
Author(s):  
Sangeeta Rege ◽  
Padma Bhate-Deosthali
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Health Facilities ◽  
International Treaties ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Care Issue ◽  
The Government ◽  
Forms Of Violence ◽  
Care Response

Women often approach health facilities to seek treatment for health consequences emerging out of violence. Health facilities are also mandated by several laws in India to play a therapeutic and forensic role in responding to women facing violence. Despite India being a signatory to international treaties, health professionals are unable to respond to violence owing to their own biases and misconceptions related to the issue. The chapter discusses the prevalence of violence against women, the resultant health consequences, and perceptions of health professionals towards this violence. While doing so the chapter raises concerns about the lack of institutionalised health care response and draws attention to the policy gaps that keeps the government from committing itself to ending all forms of violence against women.

Health and Situations

2017 ◽  
pp. 425-436
Author(s):  
Nicolas A. Brown ◽  
David M. Condon ◽  
Daniel K. Mroczek
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Health Care Utilization ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Situational Factors ◽  
Care Utilization ◽  
Personality Research ◽  
Important Health ◽  
Joint Study ◽  
Methodological Considerations ◽  
Illness And Disease

Research has demonstrated that personality is consistently linked to important health outcomes such as longevity, health care utilization, and adherence to prescribed treatment of illness and disease. However, situational factors may amplify, block, or modify person-level characteristics that affect these outcomes. Therefore, the integration of situation and personality research may add predictive validity for important outcomes such as health behavior and health care utilization. This chapter discusses the importance of context in the joint study of personality and health. We introduce a roadmap for studying health and situations emphasizing the need for theoretical and measurement frameworks. Lastly, the chapter reviews relevant methodological considerations for studying health situations, including tools for assessing situations (e.g., experience sampling, wearable cameras), and recruiting from appropriate populations.

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