Enhanced production of caftaric acid, chlorogenic acid and cichoric acid in suspension cultures of Echinacea purpurea by the manipulation of incubation temperature and photoperiod

Aneuploidy often presents large variations in morphology, physiology, biochemistry, and genetics owing to karyotypic imbalance. This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of aneuploid breeding in Echinacea purpurea L, an important medicinal plant. Reciprocal crosses between diploid and triploid plants were performed to generate aneuploid plants. Cross with triploid as female parent resulted in increased production of aneuploid individuals (19 of 23; 82.61%), while using diploid as female parent yielded much higher percentage of diploid progenies (130 of 133; 97.74%). Each aneuploid had particular karyotypic characteristics compared to the parents. The proportions of median, submedian, and subterminal centromere location chromosomes in gross chromosomes among aneuploids and two parents showed large variations. Although aneuploids had relatively lower adventitious bud regeneration rates than their parents, almost half of them looked morphologically normal, with high survival rates when transplanted to ex vitro conditions. Among the bioactive compounds assessed, cichoric acid and chlorogenic acid contents were extremely encouraging. Most aneuploids had higher cichoric acid and chlorogenic acid contents than their parents. For example, A2 had the highest cichoric acid content of 21.98 mg/g dry weight, more than twice the values of diploid and triploid. Meanwhile, A21 had the highest chlorogenic acid content of 1.84 mg/g, approximately five times more than the parental values. Eleven superior aneuploid lines were successfully screened as breeding candidates. The present findings indicated E. purpurea is highly tolerant of karyotypic imbalance and aneuploid plants could serve as prospective breeding resources in E. purpurea.

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Enhanced production of cichoric acid in cell suspension culture of Echinacea purpurea by silver nanoparticle elicitation

Plant Cell Tissue and Organ Culture (PCTOC) ◽

10.1007/s11240-019-01678-4 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 139 (2) ◽

pp. 261-273 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Rezvan Ramezannezhad ◽

Mahnaz Aghdasi ◽

Mohammad Fatemi

Keyword(s):

Suspension Culture ◽

Cell Suspension ◽

Silver Nanoparticle ◽

Cell Suspension Culture ◽

Echinacea Purpurea ◽

Cichoric Acid ◽

Enhanced Production

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Developmental Variations in the Content of Active Substances and Nutrients in Echinacea purpurea

HortScience ◽

10.21273/hortsci.33.3.518d ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 518d-518

Author(s):

W. Letchamo ◽

V.S. Krutilina

Keyword(s):

Essential Oil ◽

Plant Development ◽

Maximum Yield ◽

Echinacea Purpurea ◽

The United States ◽

Biologically Active Substances ◽

Biologically Active ◽

General Distribution ◽

Cichoric Acid ◽

Active Substances

Echinace from the Asteracea family has been among the top 10 marketed herbs in North America and Europe. So far, only a limited amount of Echinace originate from commercial cultivation. Echinacea purpurea has been commercially cultivated in the United States since the mid 1970s, in Russia since 1935, while in Europe since the 1960s. However, there has been no published information in the English language on methods of cultivation, expected yields, limiting factors, nutrient requirements, and the optimum plant development stage to obtain maximum yield and concentration of the biologically active substances for pharmaceutical and cosmetic processing. The objective of this investigation was, therefore, to study the general distribution of major nutrients and biologically active substances and the relationship between the two groups, and the pattern of the accumulation of cichoric acid, echnacoside, isobutylamides (tetraenes) and essential oil in commercially cultivated Echinacea purpurea. There was a significant variation in the content of essential oil, cichoric acid, and isobutylamides (tetraenes) in different organs and stages of the plant development. Similarly, the difference in the distribution of N, P, K, Ca, Mg, and Fe in different organs and developmental stages is demonstrated. The correlation between the content of the active substances and nutrients is demonstrated, while recommendations for an optimum harvesting stage and date are made.

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Caffeoyl Quinic and Tartaric Acids and Flavonoids from Lapsana communis L. subsp. communis (Asteraceae)

Zeitschrift für Naturforschung C ◽

10.1515/znc-1998-11-1224 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 53 (11-12) ◽

pp. 1090-1092 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

D. Fontanel ◽

C. Galtier ◽

C. Viel ◽

A. Gueiffier

Keyword(s):

Chlorogenic Acid ◽

Caffeic Acid ◽

Hydroxycinnamic Acids ◽

First Report ◽

Chicoric Acid ◽

Caftaric Acid ◽

Aerial Parts ◽

Tartaric Acids ◽

Dicaffeoylquinic Acid

Abstract Six hydroxycinnamic acids : caffeic acid, chlorogenic acid, 3,5-O-dicaffeoylquinic acid 2-O-caffeoyltartaric acid (caftaric acid) and 2,3-O-dicaffeoyltartaric acid (chicoric acid) have been isolated from Lapsana communis L. subsp. communis aerial parts. Among flavonoids, only isoquercitrin, luteolin and luteolin-7-O-β-glucuronide were identified. Except for chlorogenic acid, these com pounds represent the first report in Lapsana communis. Chicoric acid is the major phenylpropanoic constituent in this plant.

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Bioactivity of allelochemicals isolated from the roots of Echinacea purpurea L. Moench on Amaranthus viridis L., Portulaca oleracea L. and Microcystis aeruginosa

Allelopathy Journal ◽

10.26651/allelo.j/2021-52-1-1311 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 52 (1) ◽

pp. 119-130

Author(s):

Xiao Jing-Lei ◽

Zhang Yan-Xin ◽

Jia Cheng-Guo ◽

Zhang Ming-Zhe ◽

Chen Wei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽

Echinacea Purpurea ◽

Shoot Length ◽

Portulaca Oleracea ◽

Algicidal Activity ◽

Ionization Mass ◽

Cichoric Acid ◽

Compound I ◽

Dicaffeoylquinic Acid ◽

Compound Ii

Based on the bioassay-guided strategy, we isolated 6-six allelochemicals [cichoric acid (I), 1,3-dicaffeoylquinic acid (II), 4,5-dicaffeoylquinic acid (III), chlorogenic acid (IV), 1-hydroxy-2-phthoic acid (V), echinacoside (VI)] from the roots of Echinacea purpurea (L.) Moench. Their structures were identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) spectroscopic data. The bioassays studies included allelopathic and algicidal activities to test the effects of extracts and isolated fractions against the test weeds (Amaranthus viridis L., Portulaca oleracea L. and Microcystis aeruginosa Kutzing). At 100 µg/mL, compound (II) inhibited the shoot length and germination of A. viridis and P. oleracea weeds with the germination RI of -0.95±0.04 and -0.95±0.02, respectively. Furthermore, compound (III) showed the strongest inhibition of root length of P. oleracea L. We also found that compounds I-VI have algicidal activity. The compound (I) at low inoculum (5.0×102 cells mL-1) and high inoculum (1.0×104 cells mL-1), showed the highest algicidal activity of 78 % and 87.67 % 6 h after the treatment at 5 µg mL-1 respectively.

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