Weight gain, but not macronutrient intake, modifies the effect of dietary branch chain amino acids on the risk of metabolic syndrome

Objective. To identify biomarkers, which are most specific for patients with metabolic syndrome (MS) using metabolomic profiling.Materials and Methods. Metabolomic profiling of patients with MS and comparison of their profile with the profile of volunteers was performed using high-performance liquid chromatography-mass-spectrometry.Results. The metabolomic profile of MS patients differed in several amino acids, including choline, cysteine, and serine and in the acylcarnitine group (р<0.05 for all comparisons).Conclusion. The metabolites most specific for MS patients were identified. Increased concentrations of a combination of amino acids and carnitines can be considered as possible additional risk factors for cardiovascular diseases.

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Dietary essential amino acids restore liver metabolism in ovariectomized mice via hepatic estrogen receptor α

Nature Communications ◽

10.1038/s41467-021-27272-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Sara Della Torre ◽

Valeria Benedusi ◽

Giovanna Pepe ◽

Clara Meda ◽

Nicoletta Rizzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Amino Acids ◽

Estrogen Receptor ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Molecular Mechanisms ◽

Liver Lipid ◽

Essential Amino Acids ◽

Estrogen Receptor Α ◽

Metabolic Effects ◽

Ovariectomized Mice ◽

Dietary Treatments

AbstractIn female mammals, the cessation of ovarian functions is associated with significant metabolic alterations, weight gain, and increased susceptibility to a number of pathologies associated with ageing. The molecular mechanisms triggering these systemic events are unknown because most tissues are responsive to lowered circulating sex steroids. As it has been demonstrated that isoform alpha of the estrogen receptor (ERα) may be activated by both estrogens and amino acids, we test the metabolic effects of a diet enriched in specific amino acids in ovariectomized (OVX) mice. This diet is able to block the OVX-induced weight gain and fat deposition in the liver. The use of liver-specific ERα KO mice demonstrates that the hepatic ERα, through the control of liver lipid metabolism, has a key role in the systemic response to OVX. The study suggests that the liver ERα might be a valuable target for dietary treatments for the post-menopause.

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Adjunctive Berberine Reduces Antipsychotic‐Associated Weight Gain and Metabolic Syndrome in Patients with Schizophrenia: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences ◽

10.1111/pcn.13323 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Mei Yan Chan ◽

Zongshi Qin ◽

Sui‐Cheung Man ◽

Ming Lam ◽

Wing Him Lai ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Randomized Controlled

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Dietary Composition and Macronutrient Storage in Preterm Infants

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.72.3.322 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 72 (3) ◽

pp. 322-328

Author(s):

Brian Reichman ◽

Philippe Chessex ◽

Gaston Verellen ◽

Guy Putet ◽

John M. Smith ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Weight Gain ◽

Very Low Birth Weight ◽

Nutrient Balance ◽

Metabolizable Energy ◽

Daily Weight Gain ◽

Macronutrient Intake ◽

Accretion Rates ◽

Mother's Milk ◽

Mother’S Milk ◽

Metabolizable Energy Intake

A comparison has been made of the influence of feeding own mother's milk and formula on the oxidation and accretion of energy and macronutrients in the growing preterm infant of very low birth weight (<1,300 g) by using the combined techniques of nutrient balance and computerized indirect calorimetry. There were 22 studies in formula-fed infants and 15 studies in premature infants fed own mother's milk. Despite their lower metabolizable energy intake, the infants fed own mother's milk grew in weight, length, and head circumference at a rate approximating those of the formula-fed group. The metabolic rate was significantly lower in the infants fed own mother's milk (56.0 ± 0.9 v 62.6 ± 0.8 kcal/kg/d; P < .001). The protein intake, oxidation, and accretion were similar in the two groups. The infants fed own mother's milk had a significantly lower fat intake (P < .001), higher fat oxidation (P < .025) and consequently lower fat accretion (P < .001) than the formula-fed infants. The proportional fat content of the daily weight gain was lower in the infants fed own mother's milk (16% v 33%; P < .001) but protein content was similar (13% v 12%). The accretion of energy, fat, and protein correlated with the respective metabolizable intakes in both groups (r = .81 to .98; P < .001), suggesting that accretion rates and hence composition of weight gain are dependent on levels of energy and macronutrient intake.

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Encapsulated Mulberry Fruit Extract Alleviates Changes in an Animal Model of Menopause with Metabolic Syndrome

Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity ◽

10.1155/2019/5360560 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2019 ◽

pp. 1-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jintanaporn Wattanathorn ◽

Supannika Kawvised ◽

Wipawee Thukham-mee

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Body Weight ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Protein Expression ◽

Body Weight Gain ◽

Atherogenic Index ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Mulberry Fruit ◽

Oxidative Stress Status

Currently, the therapeutic strategy against metabolic syndrome and its complications is required due to the increasing prevalence and its impact. Due to the benefits of both mulberry fruit extract and encapsulation technology, we hypothesized that encapsulated mulberry fruit extract (MME) could improve metabolic parameters and its complication risk in postmenopausal metabolic syndrome. To test this hypothesis, female Wistar rats were induced experimental menopause with metabolic syndrome by bilateral ovariectomy (OVX) and high-carbohydrate high-fat (HCHF) diet. Then, they were orally given MME at doses of 10, 50, and 250 mg/kg BW for 8 weeks and the parameters, such as percentage of body weight gain, total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C, atherogenic index, fasting blood glucose, plasma glucose area under the curve, serum angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), oxidative stress status, histology, and protein expression of PPAR-γ, TNF-α, and NF-κB in adipose tissues were determined. MME improved body weight gain, adiposity index, glucose intolerance, lipid profiles, atherogenic index, ACE, oxidative stress status, and protein expression of TNF-αand NF-κB. Moreover, MME attenuated adipocyte hypertrophy and enhanced PPAR-γexpression. Taken altogether, MME decreased metabolic syndrome and its complication via the increased PPAR-γexpression. Therefore, MME is the potential candidate for improving metabolic syndrome and its related complications. However, further research in clinical trial is still necessary.

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M86. CAN WEIGHT GAIN CAUSE METABOLIC SYNDROME A DECADE LATER IN PATIENTS WITH SCHIZOPHRENIA SPECTRUM DISORDER?

Schizophrenia Bulletin ◽

10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.398 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 46 (Supplement_1) ◽

pp. S167-S167

Author(s):

Moradi Hawar ◽

Lars Helldin ◽

Anna-Karin Olsson ◽

Pontén Anna

Keyword(s):

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Life Time ◽

Spectrum Disorder ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum Disorder ◽

Group 4 ◽

Schizophrenia Spectrum ◽

Group 3 ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Abstract Background Patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder have a reduced life time expectancy with up to 20 years. Obesity and metabolic syndrome is highly prevalent and cardio vascular disease, CVD, remain the most common cause of the excess mortality. Despite studies showing the reduced life time expectancy and its causes the patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder yet remain to benefit of the development of the healthcare. In this study we aim to focus on how the weight changes in different age groups and when do the cluster of conditions of metabolic syndrome start to occur. Methods In this naturalistic study we follow 71 patients, 47 man and 24 women diagnosed with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. We divided the patients into 5 different groups based on age. Group 1 aged 20–30 years, Group 2 aged 31–40 years, Group 3 aged 41–50 years, group 4 aged 51–60 years and Group 5 aged 61 years and elder. The longest time of observation was 18 years. Data on weight (kg) and disorders such as diabetes, hypertension and dyslipidemia were collected at baseline and then yearly thereafter. Data from baseline and the last yearly follow up were included in this study. Weight and the presence of the cluster of conditions that make up metabolic syndrome in the above-mentioned groups were analyzed. Results Patients in group 1 make the highest gain of weight with 0, 9 kg per year and group 2 with the least gain of weight only 0, 01 kg per year. Patients in group 3 have a weight loss of 0, 2 kg per year. At endpoint 9 out 19 patients in group 3 and 11 out of 21 patients in group 4 were treated for one, two or three conditions of the metabolic syndrome. Discussion In our study we show that weight gain appears at least 10 years before the development of metabolic syndrome. Despite the loss of weight that appear in group 3 the negative effects of the weight gained a decade earlier may be a factor that make patients aged 41 years and older to be at risk of developing metabolic syndrome.

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