“Yo Soy La DesintegracióN”: Helplessness and Sublimation Through Frida Kahlo's History

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S527-S528
Author(s):  
J. Becker
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Frida Kahlo ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
Symbolic Life ◽  
Inner World ◽  
Competing Interest

Considering the relevance of studying the pathologies of emptiness for contemporaneous clinic, this work approaches the correlation between helplessness and sublimation concepts. Helplessness is considered a new theory, developed by David Maldavsky that uses the term desvalimiento to define a clinical condition described by the feeling of emptiness. To understand this concept, it is necessary to return to a primitive period, when the baby is beginning to qualify his affections. Thus, using historical construction, we start at Freud's works (focusing in the primitive period and the affections qualification), explore the “good-enough mother” importance, from Winnicott, and reaching the helplessness from the present-days Maldavsky's studies. The Frida Kahlo's history illustrates this work as much because of her toxic current as because of her talent to sublimate. The maternal failure, the toxic relationships, the trauma's imposition, the abuse of alcohol and drugs and the viscosity denounce her helplessness. Nevertheless, the art expresses her fight for life. The Frida Kahlo's works represent her suffering, but they also are her attempts to understand her feelings and to reframe her traumatic events. Therefore, we introduce the sublimation as an alternative to the helplessness. Although helplessness is the lack of the symbolic life, we present the art as an opportunity to confront experiences, which can allow the representation of the traumas and the qualification of affections. Through the sublimation, Frida Kahlo recreated her inner world and returned to life.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Severity of traumatic events in patients with eating disorders. A case-control study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S165-S166
Author(s):  
A.M. Pignatelli ◽  
C. Loriedo ◽  
M. Biondi ◽  
P. Girardi ◽  
J. Vanderlinden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Childhood Abuse ◽  
Emotional Abuse ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Traumatic Experiences ◽  
Emotional Neglect ◽  
Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Age Range

IntroductionA high proportion of individuals with eating disorders (EDs) report childhood abuse and neglect. The prevalence of traumatic events in ED patients has been extensively investigated; less is known about their self-perceived–and reported–severity. Objectives/Aims: We aimed to assess in ED patients vs. healthy controls the severity, i.e., duration, perpetrator, and subjective impact, of sexual, physical, and emotional traumas suffered from 0 to 18 years, paying particular attention to emotional neglect.MethodsFifty-seven consecutive DSM-V ED patients (91.2% females; age range: 18–42 years) were recruited at the Psychiatric Outpatient Clinic of our University Hospital. Ninety controls (78.9% females; age range: 20–39 years) were also recruited. Among ED patients, 43.9% had restrictive anorexia nervosa (AN), 29.8% binge/purging AN, 26.3% bulimia nervosa. Individuals completed the Eating Disorder Inventory-2 (EDI-2) and the Traumatic Experiences Checklist (TEC).ResultsThe severity of all traumatic events, according to the TEC total score, was significantly higher in ED patients than controls (P < 0.001). Moreover, ED patients showed significantly higher scores with regard to emotional neglect (P < 0.001) and emotional abuse (P < 0.001). The same can be said for physical traumas (P < 0.01) and physical abuse (P < 0.01), although with a lower significance, and for sexual abuse (P < 0.05), with an even lower significance. No difference in the severity of sexual harassment was found.ConclusionsAll types of traumas, especially neglect, can occur in ED patients and controls, however they are reported as more severe by ED patients.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Post-traumatic stress disorder: Women – Ecuador

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S216-S216
Author(s):  
V. Valdez ◽  
J. Veloz ◽  
D. Rueda ◽  
C. Santana
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Traumatic Event ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Dsm V ◽  
Competing Interest

ObjectivesTo determine the incidence of traumatic events in Ecuadorian women exposed to domestic violence and other complex social situations and their relationship with PTSD.MethodsWe applied a transversal descriptive study accomplished by the INEC (National Institute of Statistics and Census). The INEC recruited Ecuadorian women from 15 years old and more, the surveys were focused on this population. In total, 18,800 rural and urban housings were selected all over the country, 24 provinces. Date of the survey: November 16–December 15 of 2011. A, D and G were taken as references for guidelines following the criteria diagnosis of DSM V (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) to determine a Traumatic Event.ResultsThe average age of the sample was 28 years old. The standard deviation was 21, ages: 15–25 years old: 14.265 (21.6%), 25–35 years old: 9.324 (14.1%), 35–45 years old: 8.132 (12.3%), 45–55 years old: 6.283 (9.5%), 55–65 years old: 4.302 (6.5%), > 65 years old: 23.745 (35.9%). Prevalence of the traumatic event (DSM-V) 4.6%. Women experienced any kind of violence 60.6%: 61.4% urban, 58.% rural. Types of abuse: psychological: 53.9%, physical: 38.0; sexual, patrimonial: 35.3%. Domestic violence 76.0% y other types of violence 24.0%.ConclusionDomestic violence rate is high, also, in this study, we determined that women face an important index of violence during their daily activities. Psychological abuse is the highest abuse, higher in the urban areas. These results based on acute traumatic events may predispose women to develop PTSD. The prevalence of traumatic events must be an alert to the Mental Health Organizations, not only in Ecuador but also in Latin American.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Alcohol and substances acute intoxication in a population of suicide attempters

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S599-S599
Author(s):  
S. Di Marco ◽  
I. Coppola ◽  
C. Delicato ◽  
E. Gattoni ◽  
A. Venesia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Attempt ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Acute Intoxication ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Drugs And Alcohol ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Demographic Features

IntroductionThe effects of psychotropic drugs and alcohol acute intoxication are important risk factors for attempted suicide among individuals with and without substance use disorder (SUD).AimsThe first aim of this study is describing the socio-demographic features and clinical history of subjects who were acutely intoxicated when attempting suicide. The second aim is to compare their features with those of subjects without acute alcohol and substances intoxication at suicide attempt time.MethodsDeterminants of ER psychiatric consultations were studied prospectively during the period 2008–2014 at the “Maggiore della Carità” Hospital in Novara, Italy. For each patient, a data sheet was filled in by experienced psychiatrists, in order to gather demographic features, psychiatric history and present clinical issues like blood and urine dosage of amphetamine and methamphetamine, cannabinoid, cocaine and alcohol. Comparison of qualitative data was performed by means of the Chi2 test. Statistical significance was set at P ≤ 0.05.ResultsWe collected a sample of 495 suicide attempters who referred to our ER. Statistical analysis of demographic and clinical data is still ongoing.ConclusionsPreliminary results point out that acute alcohol and drugs intoxication at suicide attempt time is much more frequent in subjects without a SUD. Implications will be discussed.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Emotion dysregulation and sex working belief in sample of adolescents

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S451-S451
Author(s):  
C. Petrocchi ◽  
P. Velotti
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Behavior ◽  
Risky Sexual Behavior ◽  
Emotion Dysregulation ◽  
International Study ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Female Adolescents ◽  
Male Adolescents ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
Difficulties In Emotion Regulation ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionIn the last decade, international study attention to the problem of risk of sexual behavior in adolescents has grown. Some research has shown emotion dysregulation to be an important predictors of forbidding outcomes for example alcohol and drugs abuse or risky sexual behavior.ObjectivesThe aims of this study are analyze emotion dysregulation in adolescents and their belief regarding sex working of adolescents.MethodsThe sample is composed by 123 participants (58 male adolescents, and 65 female adolescents, they is 14–15 years). All participants completed a self-report questionnaire, Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale. Them, participants responded to questions on prostitution.ResultsFrequency analysis showed that 78% of participants believe that prostitution is wrong; 1.4% of adolescents believe that the voluntary prostitution is not wrong; 2.4% believe that prostitution is not wrong if it can economically help their parents; and 4.9% believe that prostitution is wrong only if the customer is an adult. Regarding emotion dysregulation, test t analysis highlights some differences between male and female. The female presents difficulties (P = 0.025) to strategies respect male adolescents and they manifest a tendency to significative difference in impulse (P = 0.061) and goals (P = 0.067).ConclusionsThese preliminary results show that females may experience greater difficulties to take functional strategies to regulate emotions and could risk adopting risky sexual behavior such as prostitution.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Trauma-related dissociation: Psychological features and psycho-physiological responses to script-driven imagery in borderline personality disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S764-S764
Author(s):  
D. Bichescu-Burian ◽  
S. Jürgen ◽  
S. Tilman ◽  
T. Stefan
Keyword(s):  
Heart Rate ◽  
Borderline Personality Disorder ◽  
Personality Disorder ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Status ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Borderline Personality ◽  
Skin Conductance Responses ◽  
History Of ◽  
Competing Interest

BackgroundDefense reactions to threatening situations are vital adaptations to stress that protect organisms from injury and ensure survival. We retrospectively investigated the role of peritraumatic dissociation (PD) in the occurrence of severe psychopathology and dissociative patterns of reactions in borderline personality disorder (BPD).MethodsWe recruited 28 patients with a clinical diagnosis of BPD and 15 healthy controls. The BPD group was divided according to the level of PD (low vs. high): BPD and PD (n = 15) and BPD only (n = 13). We conducted an extensive investigation of history of trauma, clinical status, and measurements of emotional and physiologic responses to recall of personalized aversive experiences.ResultsParticipants with BPD and high PD displayed highest degrees of trauma exposure and clinical symptoms. Their significant heart rate decline during the imagery of personal traumatic events was opposed to the heart rate increases exhibited by the other two groups and may indicate a dissociative reaction pattern. Skin conductance responses did not differentiate between groups. Several emotional responses to imagery provided also support of the idea that PD may play a role in memory processing of traumatic events and thus in the aggravation and maintenance of symptoms in particularly severe forms of BPD.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Electron Microscopic Detection and Characterization of Nonhuman Primate Enteric Viruses

1982 ◽  
Vol 40 ◽  
pp. 306-307
Author(s):  
G. C. Smith ◽  
R. L. Heberling ◽  
S. S. Kalter
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Animal Model ◽  
Nonhuman Primate ◽  
Clinical Condition ◽  
Intestinal Tract ◽  
Enteric Viruses ◽  
Electron Microscopic ◽  
Microscopic Detection

A number of viral agents are recognized as and suspected of causing the clinical condition “gastroenteritis.” In our attempts to establish an animal model for studies of this entity, we have been examining the nonhuman primate to ascertain what viruses may be found in the intestinal tract of “normal” animals as well as animals with diarrhea. Several virus types including coronavirus, adenovirus, herpesvirus, and picornavirus (Table I) were detected in our colony; however, rotavirus, astrovirus, and calicivirus have not yet been observed. Fecal specimens were prepared for electron microscopy by procedures reported previously.

Traumatic Events and Mental Health

1998 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Stephen O'Brien ◽  
J. P. Watson
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Traumatic Events

Psychological Adjustment of Melanoma Survivors

2006 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 172-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Hamama-Raz ◽  
Z. Solomon
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Psychological Adjustment ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Cognitive Appraisal ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Personal Resources ◽  
Secure Attachment ◽  
Ample Evidence

The study examines the contributions of hardiness, attachment style, and cognitive appraisal to the psychological adjustment of 300 survivors of malignant melanoma: The findings show that the survivors' adjustment is by far better predicted by their personal resources and cognitive appraisal than by their sociodemographic features (with the exception of marital status) and features of their illness. Of all the variables, their adjustment was best predicted by their attachment style, with secure attachment making for greater well-being and less distress. These findings add to the ample evidence that personal resources help persons to cope with stressful or traumatic events.

Social Support, Emotional Intelligence, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder Symptoms

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole L. Hofman ◽  
Austin M. Hahn ◽  
Christine K. Tirabassi ◽  
Raluca M. Gaher
Keyword(s):  
Social Support ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Protective Factors ◽  
Posttraumatic Stress ◽  
Stress Disorder ◽  
Traumatic Events ◽  
Ptsd Symptoms ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. Exposure to traumatic events and the associated risk of developing Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms is a significant and overlooked concern in the college population. It is important for current research to identify potential protective factors associated with the development and maintenance of PTSD symptoms unique to this population. Emotional intelligence and perceived social support are two identified protective factors that influence the association between exposure to traumatic events and PTSD symptomology. The current study examined the mediating role of social support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD symptoms. Participants included 443 trauma-exposed university students who completed online questionnaires. The results of this study indicated that social support mediates the relationship between emotional intelligence and reported PTSD symptoms. Thus, emotional intelligence is significantly associated with PTSD symptoms and social support may play an integral role in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD. The current study is the first to investigate the role of social support in the relationship between emotional intelligence and PTSD symptoms. These findings have important treatment and prevention implications with regard to PTSD.

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