Interaction of Symptoms and Cognitive Dysfunction in Remitted Schizophrenic Patients With and Without Residua – Important Sign of Heterogeneity for Design of Cognitive Enhancer Studies

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S278-S279
Author(s):  
G. Rupchev ◽  
M. Morozova ◽  
D. Burminskiy
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Cognitive Enhancer ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Important Sign ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionIt is well-known fact that cognitive dysfunction (CD) determines the quality of remission in patients with schizophrenia. However many attempts to demonstrate the link between symptoms and CD failed. The reason for this fact is unclear.ObjectivesHeterogeneity on basis of the important sign jeopardizes the signal detection.AimsAssessment of interaction between clinical symptoms and CD in schizophrenic patients in remission with and without residual psychotic symptoms (RPS).MethodsAdult schizophrenic patients in remission with and without RPS (DSM 295.30) on stable treatment not less than 6 months were assessed with PANSS, CGI, BACS. The indices of the testing were compared between groups. The correlation analysis was performed. The correlation was considered significant if R > 0.60.ResultsTen females and 34 males were divided into two groups according to presence (27 patients) or absence (17 patients) of RPS (PANSS items P1 and P3 > 2 but < 5). The severity of symptoms and CD were equal in both groups, excluding P6 (P = 0.0005), P20 (P = 0.007), P23 (P = 0.0004), and positive subscale PANSS (P = 0.00001). In the group without RPS, we found that CGI score, scores of 10 items of PANSS, scores of PANSS subscales, excluding negative subscale, and total PANSS score highly negatively correlated with total BACS score (average R = –0.70 ± 10). In the group of patients with RPS, no correlations were found.ConclusionsPatients with RPS has clinical significant dissociation of psychic and cognitive functioning that should be considered in planning, and assessing of results of cognitive enhancers studies.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

the Role of Cognition in Vocational Functioning of Schizophrenic Patients

2009 ◽  
Vol 24 (S1) ◽  
pp. 1-1 ◽  
Author(s):  
C.A. Popescu ◽  
I.V. Miclutia
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Work Experience ◽  
Cognitive Rehabilitation ◽  
Negative Symptoms ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Neuropsychological Test ◽  
Rehabilitation Programs ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

Background:Unemployment is a factor that negatively affects the health of the entire population and is an important cause of exclusion, affecting persons with severe mental health problems. the rise of unemployment rates for these persons contrasts with the dropping of unemployment rate for the general population. Schizophrenia is associated with long-term unemployment. Cognitive dysfunction, rather than clinical symptoms, may be the most important factor in the ability to work for patients with this disorder.Aims:This study aims to evaluate the relationship between clinical symptoms, cognitive functioning and employment status in patients with schizophrenia.Methods:40 patients with schizophrenia were evaluated with PANSS, CANTAB (Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery) and with an interview regarding work experience.Results:The results suggest that poor premorbid function, negative symptoms and cognitive dysfunction are significantly associated with unemployment in schizophrenia.Conclusions:The results of this study confirm the importance of cognitive functioning as a predictor of work function in patients with schizophrenia and the need of cognitive rehabilitation programs.

Comorbidity of schizophrenia and social phobia

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. s844-s844
Author(s):  
K. Vrbova ◽  
J. Prasko ◽  
K. Latalova ◽  
D. Kamaradova ◽  
M. Ociskova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Social Adaptation ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionThe most common comorbid disorder in schizophrenic patients is a social phobia. It is usually an unrecognized problem that may be associated with a high distortion in managing claims of life.ObjectivesThe aim of our study was to determine the extent to which comorbid social phobia affects the severity and course of schizophrenia.MethodsThe publications were identified in the database medline and web of science using the keywords “schizophrenia comorbidity” in combination with the terms “social phobia” or “social anxiety disorder”. Other relevant sources of information were obtained from the cited works by important articles.ResultsThe current state of research shows that the incidence of comorbid social phobia in psychotic disease states in the range from 11% to 36%. Social phobia in psychotic patients remains largely unrecognized. An untreated social phobia is associated with more severe psychotic symptoms, worse quality of life and lower self-esteem. It also increases the tendency to social isolation and overall worsens social adaptation. Patients with comorbid social phobia and schizophrenia have a higher amount of lifetime suicide attempts and often abuse alcohol or addictive substance.ConclusionsPatients who have both schizophrenia and social phobia have a lower quality of life, impaired functioning in life, a higher incidence of suicide attempts and increased risk of relapse of psychosis. It is, therefore, necessary that physicians treating the patients with schizophrenia had in mind the possibility of the presence of comorbid social phobia, and in the case of its occurrence, they also treat it.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Insight and aggressive Behavior in acute Schizophrenic Patients

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S441-S441
Author(s):  
S. Campi ◽  
C. Esposito ◽  
P. andreassi ◽  
P. Bandinelli ◽  
P. Girardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Treatment Compliance ◽  
Aggressive Behaviors ◽  
Self Monitoring ◽  
Poor Treatment ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Acute Patients

Introductionaggressive behavior in wards is associated to poor treatment compliance and low clinical insight. Most studies focused on the clinical and cognitive dimensions of insight, while the relationship between metacognitive dimension and aggressive behaviors was not investigated. Our aim was to understand what relationship occurs between dimensions of insight (metacognitive, cognitive, clinical), and specific aggressive behaviors in acute patients.Methodswe recruited 75 acute schizophrenic patients using: aQ; MO aS; IS; P aNSS; BCIS.Resultsa positive correlation between the IS score and the hostility, angry and physical aggression sub-scores of the aQ was highlighted, while no correlation between the score of IS and MO aS total score was found. No correlation between the score of the P aNSS G12 item and the aQ scores and MO aS was found, and no correlation between BCIS scores, MO aS and aQ scores was found.Conclusionsin our patients, a higher level of metacognitive insight, but not clinical nor cognitive insight, was associated to higher levels of hostility. we suggest that a higher ability to monitor and appraise one's own altered processes of thought and related discomfort, feeling of destabilization and loss of control, could contribute to enhance resentment and suspiciousness. Findings help develop specific therapeutic strategies to enhance metacognitive and self-monitoring abilities, helping patient's understanding of the illness, improving compliance with treatment, and patient's quality of life. Our results support the multidimensional nature of insight in schizophrenia, confirming that clinical, cognitive and metacognitive dimensions are independent though related facets of the phenomenon of insight in schizophrenia.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals SOCIAL SKILL TRAINING PADA PENYANDANG SKIZOFRENIA

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anita E. Dundu
Keyword(s):  
Social Skill ◽  
Skill Training ◽  
Key Words Schizophrenia ◽  
Social Skill Training ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Social Rehabilitation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Impact

Abstract: Besides psychotic symptoms, schizophrenic patients also show alterations in cognitive function, verbal information, and emotional response, due to disturbances of interpersonal interaction. The impact of all of these is the disturbance in social function. Treatment of schizophrenic patients with psychopharmacotherapy can only suppress the symptoms, but it can not overcome the functional deficit. For this reason, combination of psychopharmacotherapy, psychotherapy, and social rehabilitationin is introduced to obtain a better result in schizophrenic management. Social skill training is a part of the social rehabilitation that is very useful in improving the patients’ quality of life in preparing them to be functional in their society. Key words: schizophrenia, social rehabilitation, social skill training.  Abstrak: Pada penyandang skizofrenia selain gejala-gejala psikotik juga terdapat perubahan dalam fungsi kognisi, informasi verbal dan respon emosi akibat terganggunya interaksi interpersonal, yang berdampak gangguan dalam fungsi sosial. Pengobatan skizofrenia dengan menggunakan psikofarmaka hanya dapat menekan gejala-gejala penyakit ini tetapi tidak dapat mengatasi defisit fungsional. Untuk hal ini, pada pengobatan skizofrenia terkini digunakan kombinasi psikofarmaka, psikoterapi dan rehabilitasi sosial. Social skill training merupakan salah satu bagian dari rehabilitasi sosial yang bermanfaat meningkatkan kwalitas hidup dalam mempersiapkan penyandang skizofrenia  untuk dapat berfungsi kembali dalam masyarakat. Kata kunci: skizofrenia, rehabilitasi sosial, social skill training.

Electroconvulsive therapy in schizophrenia – where do we stand?

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. s262-s263
Author(s):  
J. Silva ◽  
J. Mota ◽  
P. Azevedo
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Electroconvulsive Therapy ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Drug Intolerance ◽  
Rapid Control ◽  
Practice Of Medicine ◽  
Nice Guidance ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionElectroconvulsive therapy is currently used in the management of severe depression, long-term mania and catatonia. Regarding schizophrenia-related psychosis ECT is also an option, but the indication is restrictive to severe cases, drug intolerance or resistant ones. Lack of evidence of cost-effectiveness compared to clozapine, and side effects of ECT techniques before 2003, influenced NICE guidance to not recommend ECT in schizophrenia, but modern ECT machines and procedures are subsequent to 2003. ECT is often performed when clozapine fails to respond in monotherapy or if there is intolerance to antipsychotic side effects. ECT in combination with clozapine seems to have significant results allowing the patients to achieve rapid control of psychotic symptoms with fewer side effects, comparing with antipsychotics-association strategies.ObjectivesTo summarized the latest literature about this field and to present recent data from the Electrovulsivetherapy Unit, in Hospital de Magalhães Lemos, Portugal.AimTo explore and critically review the controversies of electroconvulsive therapy in the management of drug-resistant schizophrenia.MethodsRetrospective data of an Electroconvulsive Therapy Unit during 2006–2015 was review.Results198 ECT treatments in schizophrenic patients were performed in our unit, during 2006–2007, in a total of 647 ECT (30,6%). In 2014–2015, 945 schizophrenic patients received ECT treatment, in a total of 2149 performed ECT (43,9%).ConclusionsAlthough guidelines are crucial for the uniform practice of medicine, sometimes is important to be critical about them. The use of ECT in schizophrenia is safe and effective and further research is needed to continue to support this treatment.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

Predictors of aggressive behavior among acute psychiatric patients: 5 years clinical study

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S626-S627
Author(s):  
T. Aparicio Reinoso ◽  
S. Gonzalez Parra
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Patients ◽  
Therapeutic Option ◽  
Violent Behavior ◽  
Nursing Assistants ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Admission Diagnosis ◽  
Psychiatric Ward ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
In The Beginning

IntroductionThe problem of violence and aggressive behaviour among patients with psychiatric disorders need careful assessment to improve the quality of psychiatric care.ObjectiveThe aim of this paper is to describe the characteristics of repeated episodes of violence among patients admitted to a Psychiatric Ward, which is a total of 66 beds at Doctor Rodriguez Lafora Hospital from January 2009 to December 2014.MethodsWe designed a retrospective, longitudinal and observational study over a 5-year period in two brief hospitalization units of Doctor Rodriguez Lafora Hospital in Madrid. The main variables studied were: type of admission, diagnosis, age, trigger and shift.ResultsIn our study, we analyzed the prototypical person who carries out these episodes of aggression: a male between 31–40 years, diagnosed with psychotic disorder or personality disorder, involuntary admitted. This episode is associated as a main trigger to mood disturbances, lack of acceptance of standards and psychotic symptoms. These episodes occur more frequently in the afternoon shift one business day and often processed without injuries or minor bruises to other patients and/or nursing assistants. In our practice, we have observed that in most cases adequate verbal restraint in the beginning is sufficient to prevent the episode of aggression.ConclusionsUnderstand the aggressive factors can influence the production of violent behavior and the use of appropriate containment techniques may be considered a therapeutic option to prevent and address violent behavior in psychiatric patients hospitalized in brief hospitalization units.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

The functional relevance of affect recognition errors in schizophrenia

2000 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 649-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
JOHN H. POOLE ◽  
FAITH C. TOBIAS ◽  
SOPHIA VINOGRADOV
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Interpersonal Relations ◽  
Ecological Validity ◽  
Illness Severity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Affect Recognition ◽  
Intellectual Abilities ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients

To evaluate the clinical and ecological validity of affect recognition (AR) measures in a sample of community-dwelling schizophrenic outpatients (N = 40), we analyzed the relation of facial and vocal AR to intellectual, symptomatic, and quality-of-life criteria. Facial and vocal AR showed virtually identical patterns of association with these criteria, suggesting that both modalities of AR draw on the same underlying heteromodal capacity. Specifically, AR was correlated with a subset of intellectual abilities (verbal–semantic, executive–attentional), but was unrelated to age, education, or neuroleptic dose. In terms of clinical and ecological criteria, AR errors correlated with more severe psychotic symptoms (positive and disorganized) and with lower quality of life (relationships, community participation, and richness of intrapsychic experience). Even after controlling for subjects' intellectual abilities and illness severity, inaccurate AR was associated with bizarre behaviors (involving sociosexual interactions, clothing, appearance) and with impoverished interpersonal relations. Thus, while difficulty identifying basic affective cues is related to general cognitive and illness-severity factors, it appears to have specific functional implications that do not depend on generalized impairment. Assessment of AR may identify a subgroup of schizophrenic patients who have a central defect in the heteromodal monitoring of emotional-social displays, associated with dysregulation of social behaviors and disruption of interpersonal relations. (JINS, 2000, 6, 649–658.)

Conventional versus atypical neuroleptics: subjective quality of life in schizophrenic patients

1997 ◽  
Vol 170 (5) ◽  
pp. 422-425 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Franz ◽  
Stefanie Lis ◽  
K. Plüddemann ◽  
B. Gallhofer
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Quality ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Atypical Neuroleptics ◽  
Subjective Quality Of Life ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe effectiveness of anti-psychotic drugs against positive psychotic symptoms has been demonstrated in many studies, but their effects on quality of life have yet to be clarified. The impact of different neuroleptic therapies on the subjective quality of life of schizophrenic patients is evaluated in a cross-sectional open study.MethodDuring a four-month period a standardised quality of life interview for schizophrenic patients was applied on day 10 after admission; 33 patients on atypical neuroleptics (AAP) were compared with 31 matched patients on conventional neuroleptics (CAP).ResultsThe AAP group had significantly higher scores in general quality of life as well as in different life domains: physical well-being, social life and everyday life. In separate comparisons of the AAP group, patients on clozapine and risperidone were found to have a higher quality of life score than patients on CAP or zotepine.ConclusionsThe pharmacological profile of clozapine and risperidone may provide a basis for explaining the higher subjective quality of life found in this study. The lower quality of life of the CAP group may possibly be related to intrinsic effects of the conventional antipsychotics.

Differential Diagnosis Based on Age. Diagnostic Difficulties

2016 ◽  
Vol 33 (S1) ◽  
pp. S473-S473
Author(s):  
S. Rodrígue Vargas
Keyword(s):  
Differential Diagnosis ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Psychotic Symptoms ◽  
Review Of The Literature ◽  
Diagnostic Difficulties ◽  
Diagnostic Hypothesis ◽  
Competing Interest

IntroductionFollowing a case presented in our inpatient unit as well as various interdepartmental from internal medicine and other emergencies, we decided to conduct a literature review on the different organic causes that can trigger the onset of psychotic symptoms in elderly.ObjectivesA correct differential diagnosis of psychiatric symptoms in elderly.AimsLiterature review of the literature on the presentation of psychotic symptoms in the elderly.MethodsDescription of a clinical case and development of diagnostic hypotheses.Results and conclusionsFor several decades are experiencing a gradual aging of the population, which means that we are at the onset of clinical symptoms not described by classical authors. Furthermore, scientific advances make infectious causes (such as neurosyphilis was our first diagnostic hypothesis) are increasingly rare. The elderly usually has multiple comorbidities, which are receiving various treatments that must be ruled out possible adverse effects.Disclosure of interestThe author has not supplied his/her declaration of competing interest.

Executive Function Assessment in Young Hospitalized Schizophrenic Patients with the “CANTAB Schizophrenia Battery” (Russian Sample)

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S278-S278 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Rupchev ◽  
A. Alekseev ◽  
M. Morozova ◽  
V. Kaleda ◽  
A. Tkhostov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Executive Function ◽  
Cognitive Dysfunction ◽  
Spatial Working Memory ◽  
Probability Of Error ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Icd 10 ◽  
Schizophrenic Patients ◽  
Competing Interest ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Mean Time

IntroductionImpairment of executive function is the fundamental feature of the cognitive dysfunction in schizophrenia has to be measured throughout the illness regularly. Computerized technologies for assessment of cognitive dysfunction are widely used. However, their applicability in hospitalized schizophrenic patients setting should be specially examined.ObjectiveExecutive function in schizophrenia.AimsTo test the applicability of “CANTAB” neurocognitive battery for measurement of executive function in young hospitalized schizophrenic patients in Russian sample.MethodsFifteen inpatients diagnosed with schizophrenia according to ICD-10 (F 20.хх), 13 males and 2 females, aged 23.5(SD 3.2), disease duration is 5(SD 1.6) years and 16 healthy individuals, 7 males and 9 females, aged 21.3(SD 0.7). Spatial Working Memory (SWM) (Mnemonic Executive function), Stockings of Cambridge (OTS) (Planning Executive function), Intra/Extra-Dimensional Shift (IED) (Cognitive flexibility) were administered.ResultsThe majority of patients and controls easily understood the test instructions. Both groups did not have any difficulties with the touchpad. The “CANTAB” demonstrated sensitivity to the impairments of executive function. As a group, patients with schizophrenia performed significantly worse than controls on almost all tests: SWM–Between errors (P = 0.028), Total errors (P = 0.019), Strategy (P = 0.03), Mean time to last response (P = 0.001); OTS–Mean choices to correct (P = 0.044), Problems solved on first choice (P = 0.009), Probability of error given correct (P = 0.021); IED–Total errors (P = 0.015), Total trials (P = 0.002).ConclusionThe “CANTAB” is an applicable instrument for assessment of the executive function in young hospitalized schizophrenic patients. It can be used both for experimental and clinical needs.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

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