The relationship between grief process and attachment styles in the cases with the treatment of complicated grief: A prospective study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S354-S354 ◽  
Author(s):  
H.P. Caglar Nazali ◽  
E.A. Yildirim
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Grief Process ◽  
Suicide Probability Scale ◽  
Axis I

The attachment style is one of the significant factors affecting the grief process and complicated grief. This study aims to research the relation between the factors determining the sociodemographic features, the reactions of grief, the suicidal behaviour and the grief process on the patients who are followed and treated with the complicated grief diagnosis and the features of attachment. The study includes 45 patients directed to a therapy unit and meet the criterions of complicated grief diagnosis. 33 of those patients have completed their treatment. Sociodemographic and clinical data form applied to the patients at the beginning, to evaluate for comorbid psychiatric disorders structured clinical interview for DSM-IV axis I disorders, adult attachment style questionnaire (AASQ), grief scale, hamilton rating scale for depression (HDRS), suicide behaviors questionnaire (SBQ), suicide probability scale (SPS), experiences in close relationships inventory (ECRI) are applied on the participants and compared the results of the scales prior to and following the treatment. In the dimensional evaluation of attachment, ECRI avoidance score is high over the patients diagnosed with comorbid psychiatric disorders with complicated grief. During the first application of the treatment, while evaluating the attachment categorically, in the complicated grief patients attached with avoidance grief scale, behavioural base scale and SPS negative self base scale are higher compared to the group whose HDRS scores attached with secure. The results show that in complicated grief cases the avoidance attachment is both dimensionally and categorically related with the strength of grief reaction and additional psychiatric problems.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Factors Affecting the Grief Process After Perinatal Loss: A Case Control Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Makiko Kishimoto ◽  
Arisa Yamaguchi ◽  
Marina Niimura ◽  
Miki Mizumoto ◽  
Tatsuo Hikitsuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Perinatal Loss ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intrapersonal Factors ◽  
Grief Process

Abstract Background: Factors associated with the grief process in response to perinatal loss have been investigated. However, few studies focused on the intrapersonal factors, such as developmental and personality traits. To investigate medical and psychosocial risk factors, including inter- and intrapersonal factors for the development of complicated grief following perinatal loss, while considering emotional support.Methods: A total of 50 subjects who were treated for grief due to perinatal loss at the National Center for Child Health and Development were divided into two groups according to the treatment period (<6 months: n = 28; ≥6 months: n = 22). We compared medical and psychosocial variables between the two groups using the χ2 test and t-test. All data were further analyzed using a logistic regression model to adjust for confounding effects.Results: Subjects who had traits of developmental/personality disorders (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 7.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21–42.9, P =.030), and those treated with psychoactive drugs (adjusted OR: 5.77, 95% CI: 1.09–30.5, P =.039) required a longer treatment period (≥6 months).Conclusions: Patients with personality/developmental traits and those with active psychiatric symptoms required a more extended treatment period in response to loss, suggesting the accumulation of negative factors in these patients; thus, more intensive and specialized care is necessary for these patients. Precise analysis of the coping style, attachment style, communication skills, and life history including relationship with the original family of the patients may have implications on the approach toward patients with complicated grief after perinatal loss. Studies with larger sample size are required to increase the reliability of the present findings, and future research should address the effects of the differential attachment and coping styles of patients with developmental/personality traits on the grief process.

Insecure Attachment Styles and Complicated Grief Severity

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura K. Schenck ◽  
Kiersten M. Eberle ◽  
Jeffrey A. Rings
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Insecure Attachment ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Loved One ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Literature Base ◽  
And Coping

A growing body of evidence supports links between attachment style, complicated grief (CG), and coping mechanisms in bereavement. In general, adults with insecure attachment styles are at an increased risk for developing CG when faced with the death of a loved one. However, much remains unknown regarding this complex interaction. This article provides a comprehensive synthesis of this literature base, offering future directions for attachment-informed CG research, clinical assessment, and treatment. The clear risk posed by an insecure attachment style on CG highlights the need for a proper and thorough assessment of attachment style as part of standard practice in grief-related treatment as well as the importance of meeting the unique clinical needs of the bereaved in consideration of one's attachment style. Further emphasis also should be placed on the mediating impacts of sociocultural variables, any of which could help to mitigate one's return to a level of preloss functioning.

Swallowing Disturbances and Psychiatric Profile in Older Adults: The GreatAGE Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (S1) ◽  
pp. S173-S173
Author(s):  
M. Lozupone ◽  
A. Leo ◽  
R. Sardone ◽  
F. Veneziani ◽  
C. Bonfiglio ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Cognitive Functions ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Depression Scale ◽  
Older Age ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Clinical Dementia Rating ◽  
Axis I

IntroductionSeveral studies have reported controversial links between swallowing disturbances (SD) and psychiatric disorders in older age. The available data on the epidemiology of SD in the general population are scarce and often conflicting, because of numerous methodological factors source of possible counfounders.ObjectivesWe aimed to screen the presence of psychiatric and cognitive disorders associated with SD in a random sampling of the general population ≥ 65.MethodsA sample of 1127 elderly individuals collected in a population-based study (GreatAGE) in Castellana Grotte (53,50% males, mean age 74.1 ± 6.3 years), South-East Italy, were mailed a validated self-report questionnaire to assess SD (Eating Assessment Tool-EAT10). Psychiatric disorders and symptoms [assessed with Semi-structured Clinical Diagnostic Interview for DSM-IV-TR Axis I Disorders, Geriatric Depression Scale-30 (GDS-30) and Symptom Checklist Revised-90 (SCL-90R)], cognitive functions were assessed with a comprehensive neuropsychological battery, neurological exam, and demographics were compared in participants with and without SD using t-tests and Mann–Whitney U-test.ResultsThe prevalence rates of SD amounted at 5.97%. Psychiatric diagnosis (24.22% of the sample) was statistically significant associated with SD (EAT ≥ 3, P = 0.038), and a trend was found for major depressive disorder and generalized anxiety disorder. Among SCL-90R domains, only anxiety showed a significant association with EAT ≥ 3 (P = 0.006). GDS-30 score was found to be higher in subjects with SD (P = 0.008). Cognitive functions did not differ between the two groups except for an increasing trend for Clinical Dementia Rating Scale in EAT ≥ 3 (P = 0.058).ConclusionsThese preliminary results showed an association between SD in older age and late-life major depression and anxiety disorders.Disclosure of interestThe authors have not supplied their declaration of competing interest.

scholarly journals Attachment Style, Complicated Grief and Post-Traumatic Growth in Traumatic Loss: The Role of Intrusive and Deliberate Rumination

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 636-644
Author(s):  
Hyu Jung Huh ◽  
Kyung Hee Kim ◽  
Hee-Kyung Lee ◽  
Jeong-Ho Chae
Keyword(s):  
Attachment Style ◽  
Indirect Effect ◽  
Attachment Styles ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Attachment Anxiety ◽  
Equation Modeling ◽  
Traumatic Loss ◽  
Attachment Avoidance ◽  
Post Traumatic Growth ◽  
Post Traumatic

Objective The present study examines the effects of attachment styles on the grief response and the indirect effect of rumination in parents who lost a child in the Sewol Ferry accident.Methods Bereaved parents (n=81) completed self-report questionnaires evaluating their attachment style (Experience in Close Relationship-Short form), traumatic loss related rumination (Event-Related Rumination Inventory), degree of complicated grief (Inventory of Complicated Grief), and post-traumatic growth (Post-Traumatic Growth Inventory). Data were analyzed using correlation analysis, structural equation modeling, and bootstrapping.Results The indirect effect of event-related intrusive rumination was significant in the relationship between attachment avoidance and complicated grief. The path from attachment avoidance to post-traumatic growth via deliberate rumination was not significant. With respect toattachment anxiety and post-traumatic growth, the indirect effect of deliberate rumination was significant. But the indirect effect of intrusive rumination was not significant in the relationships among attachment anxiety, complicated grief, and post-traumatic growth.Conclusion Individuals with attachment anxiety could obtain post-traumatic growth via deliberate rumination. By contrast, attachment avoidance was associated with the risk of maladaptive grief. Grief interventions should account for individual differences in attachment styles through interventions that manage intrusive rumination and strengthen deliberate rumination.

scholarly journals Is EEG a Useful Examination Tool for Diagnosis of Epilepsy and Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hideki Azuma
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Eeg Analysis ◽  
Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Language Studies ◽  
Interictal Eeg ◽  
Patients With Epilepsy ◽  
Nonlinear Eeg Analysis

Diagnosis of epilepsy usually involves interviewing the patients and the individuals who witnessed the seizure. An electroencephalogram (EEG) adds useful information for the diagnosis of epilepsy when epileptic abnormalities emerge. EEG exhibits nonlinearity and weak stationarity. Thus, nonlinear EEG analysis may be useful for clinical application. We examined only about English language studies of nonlinear EEG analysis that compared normal EEG and interictal EEG and reported the accuracy. We identified 60 studies from the public data of Andrzejak 2001 and two studies that did not use the data of Andrzejak 2001. Comorbid psychiatric disorders in patients with epilepsy were not reported in nonlinear EEG analysis except for one case series of comorbid psychotic disorders. Using a variety of feature extraction methods and classifier methods, we concluded that the studies that used the data of Andrzejak 2001 played a valuable role in EEG diagnosis of epilepsy. In the future, according to the evolution of artificial intelligence, deep learning, new nonlinear analysis methods, and the EEG association with the rating scale of the quality of life and psychiatric symptoms, we anticipate that EEG diagnosis of epilepsy, seizures, and comorbid psychiatric disorders in patients with epilepsy will be possible.

scholarly journals Factors affecting the grieving process after perinatal loss

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Makiko Kishimoto ◽  
Arisa Yamaguchi ◽  
Marina Niimura ◽  
Miki Mizumoto ◽  
Tatsuo Hikitsuchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Treatment Period ◽  
Attachment Style ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Coping Styles ◽  
Complicated Grief ◽  
Perinatal Loss ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Intrapersonal Factors ◽  
Grief Process

Abstract Background Factors associated with the grief process in response to perinatal loss have been investigated. However, few studies focused on the intrapersonal factors, such as developmental and personality traits. Hence, this study aimed to investigate medical and psychosocial risk factors, including inter- and intrapersonal factors for the development of complicated grief following perinatal loss, while considering emotional support. Methods A total of 50 patients who were treated for grief due to perinatal loss at the National Center for Child Health and Development were divided into two groups according to the treatment period (< 6 months: n = 28; ≥ 6 months: n = 22). We compared medical and psychosocial variables between the two groups using the χ2 test and t test. All data were further analyzed using a logistic regression model to adjust for confounding effects. Results Patients who had traits of developmental/personality disorders (adjusted odds ratio [OR]: 7.21, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.21–42.9, P = .030), and those treated with psychoactive drugs (adjusted OR: 5.77, 95% CI 1.09–30.5, P = .039) required a longer treatment period (≥ 6 months). Conclusions Patients with personality/developmental traits and those with active psychiatric symptoms required a more extended treatment period in response to loss, suggesting the accumulation of negative factors in these patients; thus, more intensive and specialized care is necessary for these patients. Precise analysis of the coping style, attachment style, communication skills, and life history including relationship with the original family of the patients may have implications on the approach toward patients with complicated grief after perinatal loss. Studies with larger sample size are required to increase the reliability of the present findings, and future research should address the effects of the differential attachment and coping styles of patients with developmental/personality traits on the grief process.

Characteristics of the schizophrenia suicide attempts in comparison with the suicide attempts with other diagnosed psychiatric disorders: An Egyptian study

2019 ◽  
Vol 65 (5) ◽  
pp. 368-377 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mai SeifElDin Abdeen ◽  
Nermin Mahmoud Shaker ◽  
Hanan Hany Elrassas ◽  
Mostafa Ahmad Hashim ◽  
Mohamed Youssef Abo Zeid
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Suicide Attempts ◽  
Past History ◽  
Clinical Interview ◽  
Suicide Attempters ◽  
Schizophrenia Group ◽  
Suicide Probability Scale ◽  
Axis I ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Characteristic Features

Background: There has been much literature on schizophrenia, but little is known about the characteristic features of suicide attempts with schizophrenia in comparison with the suicide attempts with other diagnosed psychiatric disorders. Aims: The objective of this study was to clarify the specific characteristics and risk factors among suicide attempters with schizophrenia that differentiate them from other psychiatric disorders. Methods: Thirty-three suicide attempters diagnosed with schizophrenia and 87 suicide attempters with other psychiatric disorders were included. Suicide attempts seriousness were appraised by the Beck’s Suicide Intent Scale (BSIS). Standardized scales were applied: Suicide Probability Scale (SPS) and Barratt Impulsiveness Scale, Version 11 (BIS-11). The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I Disorders (SCID-I) and The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis II Disorders (SCID-II) based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV ( DSM-IV) was applied to assess the psychiatric status of individuals. Demographic and clinical characteristics, method of suicide and suicide probability scores and impulsivity were compared among both groups (schizophrenia group and other psychiatric disorders group). Results: In total, 27.5% of suicide attempts suffered from schizophrenia. The current study found that having more past history of medical diseases, longer duration of illness, using more violent suicidal methods, and having less significant suicidal ideations were the significant factors that differentiated schizophrenia suicide attempts from those diagnosed with other psychiatric disorders. The schizophrenia group did not show more impulsivity or hostility than other psychiatric disorders group. Conclusion: These results indicated that each group shows its unique characteristics. They give us new perspectives to prevent suicides in schizophrenia according to their different characteristics.

Adherence to antidepressant treatment in depressive patients with comorbid psychiatric disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1277-1277
Author(s):  
M. Roca ◽  
S. Armengol ◽  
M. García-García ◽  
J. Salva ◽  
S. Monzón ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Comorbidity ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Antidepressant Treatment ◽  
Antidepressant Medication ◽  
Pharmacological Treatments ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Depressive Patients

BackgroundDepression is associated with high rates of comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders. Adherence to antidepressant medication regimens has been associated to different factors. Few studies have analyzed the influence of comorbid psychiatric disorders and adjunctive pharmacological treatments on antidepressant adherence.AimThe study evaluates the association of comorbid psychiatric disorder and pharmacological treatments with adherence rates to antidepressants in a large sample of depressive outpatients.Method3606 depressive patients were included in a cross-sectional epidemiological study, involving a stratified sample of 750 psychiatrists selected to participate. Patients were included if they met DSM-IV criteria for current single or recurrent non-psychotic major depressive disorder. Simplified Medication Adherence Questionnaire (SMAQ) and Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS) were used to assess adherence and depression severity.ResultsAdherence rates are lower in depressive patients with psychiatric comorbidity (62.8%) than in patients without comorbidity (69.1%) (Chi-square = 15.9, p < 0.001, OR = 1.6, 1.2–1.8). There are no significant differences in adherence rates between those patients taking or not benzodiacepines.ConclusionsPsychiatric comorbidity plays a negative role in adherence to antidepressant treatment. Benzodiazepine use has no influence on adherence rates. Special attention should be paid to the symptom overlapping between anxiety and depression and to the benzodiazepine prescription in comorbid depressive patients.

scholarly journals Associations between Pathological Gambling and Psychiatric Comorbidity among Help-Seeking Populations in Hong Kong

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniel T. L. Shek ◽  
Elda M. L. Chan ◽  
Ryan H. Y. Wong
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Pathological Gambling ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Substance Use Disorders ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Adjustment Disorder ◽  
Pathological Gamblers ◽  
Comorbid Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Axis I

Problem gambling is complex and often comorbid with other mental health problems. Unfortunately, gambling studies on comorbid psychiatric disorders among Chinese communities are extremely limited. The objectives of this study were to (a) determine the prevalence of comorbid psychiatric disorders among treatment-seeking pathological gamblers; (b) compare the demographic profiles and clinical features of pathological gamblers with and without comorbid psychiatric disorders; (c) explore the associations between pathological gambling and psychiatric disorders and their temporal relationship. Participants (N=201) who sought gambling counseling were examined by making Axis-I diagnoses including mood disorders, schizophrenia spectrum disorders, substance use disorders, anxiety disorders, and adjustment disorder. Results showed that 63.7% of participants had lifetime comorbid psychiatric disorder. The most common comorbid psychiatric mental disorders were mood disorders, adjustment disorder, and substance use disorders. Pathological gamblers with psychiatric comorbidities were significantly more severe in psychopathology, psychosocial functioning impairment, and gambling problems than those without the disorders.

Comorbidity of affective disorders

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (S2) ◽  
pp. 1714-1714
Author(s):  
M.J. Martín Calvo ◽  
L. Fernández Mayo ◽  
I. García del Castillo ◽  
R. Carmona Camacho ◽  
E. Serrano Drozdowskyj ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Social Phobia ◽  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Affective Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Integrative Model ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Bipolar Ii ◽  
Axis I

IntroductionThe studies about the comorbidity of major depressive disorder (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) have increased in the last years. The comorbidity with Axis I psychiatric disorders complicates the diagnosis, prognosis and treatment.ObjectivesTo analyze the prevalence of affective disorders associated with another Axis I psychiatric disorders to treat correctly from the beginning of the diagnosis and to improve the course of the disorder and the quality of life of these patientsMethodsThe subjects who participated in the study were diagnosed of bipolar I disorder, bipolar II disorder and MDD, according to DSM-IV-TR criteria. The sample (n = 114) was divided into three groups: MDD (n = 58), BD (n = 31) and a control group of healthy subjects (n = 25). The diagnosis and stability were assessed using the MINI International Neuropsyquiatric Interview and the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (HDRS).ResultsBD had a significantly association with risk of suicide (38%), anxiety disorder (3.3%) and social phobia (12.9%). It was also reported a significant association between MDD and risk of suicide (71%), manic/hypomanic episodes (25.9%), anxiety disorder (37.9%), social phobia (25.9%) and generalized anxiety disorder (37.9%).ConclusionsIt is necessary for clinical practice an integrative model which takes into account the comorbidity of affective disorders to improve the response to treatment and the prognosis of these mental disorders

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