scholarly journals A systematic review on the relationship between mental health, radicalization and mass violence

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Błażej Misiak ◽  
Jerzy Samochowiec ◽  
Kamaldeep Bhui ◽  
Merryam Schouler-Ocak ◽  
Hella Demunter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Procedures ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mass Violence ◽  
Specific Subgroup ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractRadicalization is a process, by which individuals adopt extreme political, social and religious ideation that leads to mass violence acts. It has been hypothesized that mental health characteristics might be associated with a risk of radicalization. However, a qualitative synthesis of studies investigating the relationship between mental health and radicalization has not been performed so far. Therefore, we aimed to perform a systematic review of studies examining the association between mental health characteristics and the risk of radicalization. Two reviewers performed an independent search of online databases from their inception until 8th April 2018 and 12 publications met eligibility criteria. There were several methodological limitations across the majority of eligible publications, including doubtful sample representativeness, use of diagnostic procedures without personal assessment of mental health status or lack of standardized tools for assessment of mental health. Representative cross-sectional studies revealed that depressive symptoms might be associated with radicalization proneness. However, it remains unknown whether depressive symptoms are associated with resilience or vulnerability to radicalization. Another finding from our systematic review is that several personality traits might predispose to develop extreme ideation. Finally, there is some evidence that lone-actors might represent a specific subgroup of subjects with extreme beliefs which can be characterized by high prevalence of psychotic and/or mood disorders. In conclusion, this systematic review indicates that caution should be taken on how the association between ‘mental health’ and ‘radicalization’ is being claimed, because of limited evidence so far, and a number of methodological limitations of studies addressing this issue.

scholarly journals How does academic achievement relate to cardiorespiratory fitness, self-reported physical activity and objectively reported physical activity: a systematic review in children and adolescents aged 6–18 years

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (16) ◽  
pp. 1039-1039 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adilson Marques ◽  
Diana A Santos ◽  
Charles H Hillman ◽  
Luís B Sardinha
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Academic Achievement ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
The Relationship

ObjectiveThis report aimed to systematically review the evidence for a differential association between objective and self-reported physical activity and cardiorespiratory fitness on academic achievement.DesignSystematic review.Data sourcesStudies were identified from searches in Embase, Education Resources Information Center, PubMed, PsycINFO, SPORTdiscus and Web of Science databases from January 2000 to December 2016.Eligibility criteria for selecting studiesEligibility criteria included cross-sectional, longitudinal and interventional study designs. Outcomes included students’ school grade or a standardised test or measure of academic achievement. Explanatory variables were cardiorespiratory fitness and objective and self-reported physical activity. Inclusion criteria included school-aged children and adolescents aged–18 years (or students from primary to secondary school when student’s participants age was not described) and articles published in English, Portuguese or Spanish.ResultsA total of 51 articles met inclusion criteria: 41 cross-sectional, 2 intervention and 8 longitudinal studies. Results from 11 studies were inconsistent regarding the relationship between objectively measured physical activity and academic achievement. Ten of the 16 articles reported positive associations between self-reported physical activity and academic achievement. From the 22 studies that analysed the relationship between cardiorespiratory fitness and academic achievement, it was verified that they all generally support the beneficial effect of cardiorespiratory fitness on students’ academic achievement.ConclusionHigher cardiorespiratory fitness may be important to enhance children and adolescents’ health and, additionally, academic achievement. Due to a lack of consensus across studies, methodological issues associated with the assessment of physical activity should be considered when investigating physical activity and academic achievement.

scholarly journals Systematic Review: Hubungan Personal Hygiene dengan Kejadian Skabies di Pondok Pesantren

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-58
Author(s):  
Egidia Setya Fitriani ◽  
Ratna Dewi Indi Astuti ◽  
Dede Setiapriagung
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Boarding Schools ◽  
Personal Hygiene ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Global Health Problem

Skabies adalah penyakit yang masih menjadi masalah kesehatan global. Penyakit skabies masuk ke dalam 12 penyakit yang sering terjadi di Indonesia. Skabies dapat terjadi akibat beberapa faktor risiko salah satunya adalah personal hygiene. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui hubungan personal hygiene dengan kejadian skabies di Pondok Pesantren. Metode adalah Systematic review dengan kata kunci “personal hygiene” dan “kejadian skabies” pada santri di Pondok Pesantren dengan desain penelitian cross-sectional sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi dan eksklusi, dilakukan skrining menggunakan kriteria kelayakan ( Eligibility Criteria ) yang terdiri atas P (Population) santri di Pondok Pesantren, I (Intervention) kuesioner untuk menilai personal hygiene, C (Comparation) membandingkan personal hygiene yang baik dengan buruk dan O (Outcome) hubungan personal hygiene dengan kejadian skabies serta artikel yang lolos critical apprisal. Hasil penelitian, penderita skabies di Pondok Pesantren sebesar 46,8% dengan confidence interval 95% adalah 44,8 – 48,8%,  personal hygiene yang buruk pada santri sebanyak 42,5% dengan confidence interval 95% adalah 40,4 – 44,6% dan terdapat 24 dari 27 artikel menyatakan terdapat hubungan personal hygiene dengan kejadian skabies di pondok pesantren  Kesimpulan, personal hygiene berhubungan dengan kejadian skabies. Systematic review: the Relationship of Personal Hygiene and the Incidence of Scabies in Boarding SchoolScabies is a disease that is still a global health problem. Scabies is one of the 12 most common diseases in Indonesia. Scabies can occur due to several risk factors, one of which is personal hygiene. Purpose: This study aims to determine the relationship of personal hygiene with the incidence of scabies in Islamic boarding schools. Methods: Systematic review  with the keywords "personal hygiene" and "scabies incidence" in students at Islamic boarding schools with a cross-sectional research design in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria, screening using Eligibility Criteria. consisting of P (Population) of students at Islamic boarding schools, I (Intervention) questionnaire to assess personal hygiene, C (Comparation) comparing good and bad personal hygiene and O (Outcome) the relationship of personal hygiene with the incidence of scabies and articles that pass critical apprisal. Results: The number of scabies sufferers in Islamic boarding schools was 46.8% with a 95% confidence interval was 44.8 – 48.8%, poor personal hygiene among the students was 42.5% with a 95% confidence interval was 40.4 – 44.6% and 24 out of 27 articles stated that there was a relationship between personal hygiene and the incidence of scabies in Islamic boarding schools. Conclusion: Personal hygiene is related to the incidence of scabies.

scholarly journals Association Between Mental Health and Feeding Methods among 1- Month Postpartum Women in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 47-56
Author(s):  
Masayo Matsuzaki ◽  
Hiroko Matsumoto ◽  
Mie Shiraishi ◽  
Risa Kobayashi ◽  
Sachi Watanabe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Multiple Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Mixed Feeding ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Feeding Methods ◽  
The Relationship

Background: The rate of predominant breastfeeding was 51.3% at 1 month postpartum, even though 93.4% of Japanese mothers expressed a desire to predominantly breastfeed during pregnancy. A wide range of historical, socioeconomic, cultural, and individual factors, as well as mental health, affect breastfeeding practices. However, the relationship between breastfeeding and mental health—depressive symptoms—has been controversial. Purpose: The aim of this study was to identify factors relationship including mental health and the feeding methods adopted by mothers at 1 month postpartum in Japan. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted at 2 Tokyo area hospitals between July and October 2014. We recruited a total of 560 eligible women. The participants included 392 women without severe illnesses or low birth weight babies at 1 month postpartum. The feeding methods were “mainly breastfeeding” (exclusively or mostly breastfeeding) and “mixed feeding and formula only”. Depressive symptoms as a mental health were assessed using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS). Multiple logistic regression analysis clarified the factors associated with mainly breastfeeding. Results: The mean (SD) age for the categories of mainly breastfeeding and mixed feeding and formula only was 33.0 (5.1) and 33.9 (5.5) years, respectively (p = 0.085). Women who were mainly breastfeeding at 1 month postpartum were more likely to be multiparous (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.80, CI:1.11 - 2.94), had EPDS score < 9 (AOR:1.87, CI:1.09 – 3.20), and had been desirous of breastfeeding from their pregnancy (AOR: 7.73, CI: 4.68 – 12.74). Conclusion: Our results suggested that healthcare providers should focus on the relationship between feeding methods and new mothers’ mental health. Further research must identify effective care strategies for women who desire to breastfeed exclusively.

scholarly journals Association Between Diabetic Retinopathy and Periodontitis—A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
María Olimpia Paz Alvarenga ◽  
Giza Hellen Nonato Miranda ◽  
Railson Oliveira Ferreira ◽  
Miki Taketomi Saito ◽  
Nathália Carolina Fernandes Fagundes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Diabetic Retinopathy ◽  
The Body ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Level Of Evidence ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chronic Inflammatory Condition ◽  
Grade Approach

Background: Diabetic retinopathy is a common microvascular complication in diabetic patients and is considered the main cause of visual loss worldwide. Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory condition, which compromises dental supporting tissues. The chronic bacterial challenge in periodontitis is a persistent source of inflammatory mediators that may be associated with insulin resistance, increasing the risk of complications of diabetes mellitus. This systematic review aimed to summarize the evidence in the association between diabetic retinopathy and periodontitis.Methods: This review was registered under the number CRD 42019142267. A search strategy in five electronic databases and a gray literature source was performed based on the PECO acronym. After data extraction, the qualitative synthesis and risk of bias analyses were performed using the Newcastle–Ottawa scale. The level of evidence of all studies taken together was evaluated through the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation (GRADE) approach.Results: Out of the 253 citations screened, five cross-sectional studies met the eligibility criteria and were included in the qualitative analysis, in which two were judged to be of good quality, one as fair quality, and two as poor quality. Among the included studies, a significant relationship between the severity of periodontitis (CAL &gt; 5 mm) and the severity of diabetic retinopathy (p &lt; 0.05) was reported by four studies. Also, an association between both diseases in non-obese adults was found after adjustments [OR 2.206 (1.114–4.366); p = 0.0232). However, the analysis of evidence by GRADE assessment was rated as low.Conclusions: Although the results of individual studies suggest an association between diabetic retinopathy and periodontitis, the quality of the body of evidence was judged to be low by the GRADE approach. Further studies with larger sample sizes, adequate models of cofounders' adjustments, and prospective analysis of periodontitis and diabetes conditions ought to be conducted to clarify this association.

scholarly journals Determinants of happiness among healthcare professionals between 2009 and 2019: a systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rose Nabi Deborah Karimi Muthuri ◽  
Flavia Senkubuge ◽  
Charles Hongoro
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Healthcare Professionals ◽  
Qualitative Studies ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Individual Level ◽  
Organization Level

Abstract Happiness is characterized by experiencing positive emotions while simultaneously perceiving one’s life as meaningful and worthwhile. Research on the mental health of healthcare professionals usually focuses on psychopathology as opposed to the positive aspects of mental health. Thus, the purpose of this study is to examine recent literature on individual-level and organization-level determinants of healthcare professionals happiness. The EBSCOhost, PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases were searched for articles published between 2009 and 2019 that focused on happiness among healthcare professionals. Based on the eligibility criteria, both quantitative and qualitative studies were selected for this systematic review. The final review included a total of 18 studies. The main measures of healthcare professionals happiness in cross-sectional and intervention studies were self-report measures, and the main measures of happiness in qualitative studies were interviews. Multiple determinants of healthcare professionals happiness were identified in this systematic review. The interplay between individual-level and organization-level determinants collectively contributes to the happiness of healthcare professionals. Existing evidence highlights the importance of healthcare professionals happiness in the strengthening of the healthcare workforce and healthcare systems. This review also highlights the importance of health policy makers, health authorities and healthcare professionals in creating and effectively implementing policies and strategies to increase healthcare professionals happiness. Future similar studies should use large and more heterogeneous samples of healthcare professionals from various settings to generate contextually relevant and robust evidence regarding methods to enhance healthcare professionals happiness and ultimately the performance of health systems globally.

scholarly journals Diet, Obesity, and Depression: A Systematic Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Olivia Patsalos ◽  
Johanna Keeler ◽  
Ulrike Schmidt ◽  
Brenda W. J. H. Penninx ◽  
Allan H. Young ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Depressive Symptoms ◽  
Dietary Supplements ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Symptoms Of Depression ◽  
Specific Subgroup

Background: Obesity and depression co-occur in a significant proportion of the population. Mechanisms linking the two disorders include the immune and the endocrine system, psychological and social mechanisms. The aim of this systematic review was to ascertain whether weight loss through dietary interventions has the additional effect of ameliorating depressive symptoms in obese patients. Methods: We systematically searched three databases (Pubmed, Medline, Embase) for longitudinal clinical trials testing a dietary intervention in people with obesity and depression or symptoms of depression. Results: Twenty-four longitudinal clinical studies met the eligibility criteria with a total of 3244 included patients. Seventeen studies examined the effects of calorie-restricted diets and eight studies examined dietary supplements (two studies examined both). Only three studies examined people with a diagnosis of both obesity and depression. The majority of studies showed that interventions using a calorie-restricted diet resulted in decreases in depression scores, with effect sizes between ≈0.2 and ≈0.6. The results were less clear for dietary supplements. Conclusions: People with obesity and depression appear to be a specific subgroup of depressed patients in which calorie-restricted diets might constitute a promising personalized treatment approach. The reduction of depressive symptoms may be related to immunoendocrine and psychosocial mechanisms.

scholarly journals Correlation of Dermatoglyphics in the Early Diagnosis of Dental Caries in Children in India

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kritika Jain ◽  
Vibhor Dudhraj ◽  
Debraj Mukhopadhyay ◽  
Jasdeep Boparai ◽  
Sandhya Tathireddy
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Individual Identification ◽  
Congenital Defects ◽  
Case Control Studies ◽  
Exclusion Criteria ◽  
Eligibility Criteria ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Bias Assessment ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background: Dermatoglyphics defined as the study of the complex skin dermal structures covering hand and foot palmar and plantar surfaces. Upon the whole development of the structures, they are unaffected by the environment. That’s why they are considered ideal for individual identification, and to detect congenital defects. Nevertheless, the co-relation of dental caries to dermatoglyphics is still at infancy. Hence, the present research proposal will review the work conducted by various authors on application of dermatoglyphics in dentistry along with the advantages and patterns of dermatoglyphics. This systematic review aimed to synthesize the evidence of the relationship between the dermatoglyphics and dental caries. Methods: A systematic search of the literature will be done in the ProQuest, SCIENCE DIRECT, Google Scholar, PubMed. All papers published from 1 st January 2010 to 31 st December 2019 on this topic will be searched. PRISMA guidelines will be followed. Eligibility criteria will be informed using the PICOS guidelines. Inclusion and exclusion criteria will be used for search and analyzed for heterogeneity. Risk of bias assessment will be performed using Newcastle-Ottawa adapted for cross-sectional studies and case control studies. Systematic Review Registration: This study was registered with PROSPERO (CRD42020191996). Conclusion: Dermatoglyphics is a future aspect of medicine and forensic. The link between fingerprints and dental caries is still in its infancy, but in the upcoming time dermatoglyphic can be considered as the predictor of congenital abnormalities. Dermatoglyphics has shifted from darkness to diagnostic device acceptance. This can be important resource in the future that can forecast person’s oral health. Keywords: Dermatoglyphics, Dental Caries, India, Children

scholarly journals Light-intensity physical activity and mental ill health: a systematic review of observational studies in the general population

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mireia Felez-Nobrega ◽  
Judit Bort-Roig ◽  
Ruimin Ma ◽  
Eugenia Romano ◽  
Matthew Faires ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
General Population ◽  
Observational Studies ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Most of theevidence has focused on examining the influence of moderate-to-vigorous intensity physical activity on mental health, but he role of light intensity physical activity (LIPA) is less understood. The purpose of this systematic review was to assess the relationship between time spent in LIPA and mental ill health across the lifespan. Methods Data were obtained from online databases (Medline, Embase, Scopus, PsychInfo and CINAHL). The search and collection of eligible studies was conducted up to May 28, 2020. Observational studies conducted in the general population and reporting on the association between LIPA (1.6–2.9 metabolic equivalents; either self-reported or device-based measured) and mental ill health were included. Results Twenty-two studies were included in the review (16 cross-sectional and 6 longitudinal). In older adults (≥ 65 years) and adults (18–64 years), the evidence examining the relationship between LIPA and depressive symptoms is mixed. Data on anxiety, psychological distress and overall mental health are scarce, and results are inconclusive. There is no evidence suggesting favorable associations between LIPA and anxiety in college students. Finally, very limited data was found in adolescents (11–17 years) (n = 2 studies) and children (6–10 years) (n = 2 studies), but the evidence suggests that LIPA does not influence mental health outcomes in these age groups. Conclusions This review provided mostly cross-sectional evidence indicating that LIPA may not be associated with mental health outcomes across age groups. Future research efforts employing prospective research designs are warranted to better understand the role of LIPA on mental ill health across age groups.

scholarly journals Time in range, as measured by continuous glucose monitor, as a predictor of microvascular complications in type 2 diabetes: a systematic review

2022 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. e002573
Author(s):  
Rishi Raj ◽  
Rahul Mishra ◽  
Nivedita Jha ◽  
Vivek Joshi ◽  
Ricardo Correa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Microvascular Complications ◽  
Cardiac Autonomic Neuropathy ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Time In Range ◽  
The Relationship

Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM)-derived time in range (TIR) correlates with hemoglobin A1c (A1c) among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM); however, there is a paucity of data evaluating its association with microvascular complications. We conducted this systematic review to examine the association between TIR and microvascular complications of diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic nephropathy (DN), and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN). We conducted a comprehensive literature search on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science online databases following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. Full-text original articles that evaluated the association between CGM-derived TIR and risk of microvascular complications and were published between 2010 and June 2021 were included in our systematic review. The quality of the included studies was evaluated using the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute Quality Assessment Tool for Observational Cohort and Cross-Sectional Studies. Data were analyzed using qualitative synthesis. Eleven studies on a total of 13 987 patients were included in the systematic review. The median sample size, baseline A1c, and diabetes duration were 466 patients (range: 105–5901), 8.2% (SD 0.5%), and 11.3 years (1.0), respectively. Majority of the studies were conducted in Asia (10 out of 11). Four studies evaluated the relationship between CGM-derived TIR and DR and CGM-derived TIR and DN, while seven studies evaluated the relationship between CGM-derived TIR and DPN. A 10% increase in TIR was associated with a reduction in albuminuria, severity of DR, and prevalence of DPN and cardiac autonomic neuropathy. In addition, an association was observed between urinary albumin to creatinine ratio but not with estimated glomerular filtration rate. This review summarizes recent evidence supporting an association between CGM-derived TIR and microvascular complications among patients with T2DM. A larger-scale multicenter investigation that includes more diverse participants is warranted to further validate the utility of TIR as a predictor of diabetic microvascular complications.

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