Brief electrical stimulation improves nerve regeneration after delayed repair in Sprague Dawley rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 269 ◽  
pp. 142-153 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Elzinga ◽  
Neil Tyreman ◽  
Adil Ladak ◽  
Bohdan Savaryn ◽  
Jaret Olson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Delayed Repair ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Glutamate and GABA mediate suprachiasmatic nucleus inputs to spinal-projecting paraventricular neurons

2001 ◽  
Vol 281 (4) ◽  
pp. R1283-R1289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu-Ning Cui ◽  
Elaine Coderre ◽  
Leo P. Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Suprachiasmatic Nucleus ◽  
Input Resistance ◽  
Inward Rectification ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Postsynaptic Potentials ◽  
Glutamatergic Neurons ◽  
Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Low Threshold

We used patch-clamp recordings in slice preparations from Sprague-Dawley rats to evaluate responses of 20 spinal-projecting neurons in the dorsal paraventricular nucleus (PVN) to electrical stimulation in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). Neurons containing a retrograde label transported from the thoracic (T1-T4) intermediolateral column displayed three intrinsic properties that collectively allowed distinction from neighboring parvocellular or magnocellular cells: a low-input resistance, a hyperpolarization-activated time-dependent inward rectification, and a low-threshold calcium conductance. Twelve of fifteen cells tested responded to electrical stimulation in SCN. All of 10 cells tested in media containing 2,3,-dioxo-6-nitro-1,2,3,4-tetrahydrobenzo[f]quinoxaline-7-sulfonamide disodium (5 μM) andd(−)-2-amino-5-phosphonopentanoic acid (20 μM) responded with constant latency (11.4 ± 0.7 ms) inhibitory postsynaptic potentials, able to follow 20- to 50-Hz stimulation and blockable with bicuculline (20 μM). By contrast, all eight cells tested in the presence of bicuculline demonstrated constant latency (9.8 ± 0.6 ms) excitatory postsynaptic potentials that followed at 20–50 Hz and featured both non- N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) and NMDA receptor-mediated components. We conclude that both GABAergic and glutamatergic neurons in SCN project directly to spinal-projecting neurons in the dorsal PVN.

Subfornical organ stimulation excites paraventricular neurons projecting to dorsal medulla

1984 ◽  
Vol 247 (6) ◽  
pp. R1088-R1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. V. Ferguson ◽  
T. A. Day ◽  
L. P. Renaud
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Subfornical Organ ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Extracellular Recordings ◽  
Long Latency ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Pressor Responses ◽  
Increased Activity ◽  
Dorsal Medulla

Electrical stimulation in the subfornical organ (SFO) of pentobarbital-anesthetized Sprague-Dawley rats was noted to influence the excitability of paraventricular nucleus (PVN) neurons antidromically identified as projecting to the dorsomedial medulla. Extracellular recordings indicated that 60% (n = 34) of these caudally projecting PVN neurons increased activity in response to single shock stimuli delivered to the SFO. Short-latency [30.0 +/- 2.7 (SE) ms] and long-latency (162.5 +/- 32.5 ms) responses were observed. The remaining neurons were either unaffected (38%) or inhibited (2%) by SFO stimulation. These data suggest functional connectivity between the SFO and the dorsomedial medulla. It is proposed that such a pathway may mediate pressor responses observed to follow electrical stimulation in the SFO.

Conditioning Electrical Stimulation Is Superior to Postoperative Electrical Stimulation in Enhanced Regeneration and Functional Recovery Following Nerve Graft Repair

2020 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-308 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jenna-Lynn B. Senger ◽  
Ashley W. M. Chan ◽  
K. Ming Chan ◽  
Terence Kwan-Wong ◽  
Leah Acton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Nerve Regeneration ◽  
Primary Repair ◽  
Clinical Intervention ◽  
Nerve Graft ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Axon Extension ◽  
Sensory Recovery ◽  
Nerve Autograft ◽  
Sensorimotor Recovery

Background. Autologous nerve graft is the most common clinical intervention for repairing a nerve gap. However, its regenerative capacity is decreased in part because, unlike a primary repair, the regenerating axons must traverse 2 repair sites. Means to promote nerve regeneration across a graft are needed. Postoperative electrical stimulation (PES) improves nerve growth by reducing staggered regeneration at the coaptation site whereas conditioning electrical stimulation (CES) accelerates axon extension. In this study, we directly compared these electrical stimulation paradigms in a model of nerve autograft repair. Methods. To lay the foundation for clinical translation, regeneration and reinnervation outcomes of CES and PES in a 5-mm nerve autograft model were compared. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into: ( a) CES, ( b) PES, and ( c) no stimulation cohorts. CES was delivered 1 week prior to nerve cut/coaptation, and PES was delivered immediately following coaptation. Length of nerve regeneration (n = 6/cohort), and behavioral testing (n = 16/cohort) were performed at 14 days and 6 to 14 weeks post-coaptation, respectively. Results. CES treated axons extended 5.9 ± 0.2 mm, significantly longer than PES (3.8 ± 0.2 mm), or no stimulation (2.5 ± 0.2 mm) ( P < .01). Compared with PES animals, the CES animals had significantly improved sensory recovery (von Frey filament testing, intraepidermal nerve fiber reinnervation) ( P < .001) and motor reinnervation (horizontal ladder, gait analysis, nerve conduction studies, neuromuscular junction analysis) ( P < .01). Conclusion. CES resulted in faster regeneration through the nerve graft and improved sensorimotor recovery compared to all other cohorts. It is a promising treatment to improve outcomes in patients undergoing nerve autograft repair.

Effects of 2, 5-Dimethoxy-4-Methylamphetamine (DOM, STP) on Successive Sensory Discrimination Behavior Maintained by Electrical Stimulation of the Brain Reinforcement in the Rat

1976 ◽  
Vol 38 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1083-1092 ◽  
Author(s):  
John H. Vincent ◽  
Irmingard I. Lenzer
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Discrimination Task ◽  
Lever Press ◽  
Behavioral Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Response Latencies ◽  
Sensory Discrimination ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effects of DOM (2, 5-dimethoxy-4-methylamphetamine) on behavior reinforced by electrical stimulation of the brain were observed in five male Sprague-Dawley rats. The animals were trained on a successive discrimination task: the SD interval lasted as long as it took the animal to make one lever-press; the SΔ interval was variable, with a mean duration of 60 sec. Following DOM administration, response latencies to the SD were longer during the first 75 min. and SΔ responding was augmented over the 2-hr. session. Gross behavioral effects such as hypokinesia and ataxia were observed for a large part of the session. While increased response latencies may be attributed to hypokinesia and ataxia, increases in SΔ responding reflect a breakdown of discrimination itself. Severe behavioral depression was not observed, suggesting that electrical stimulation of the brain may have counteracted the depressive effect of the amphetamine.

scholarly journals Reconstructive Effects of Percutaneous Electrical Stimulation Combined with GGT Composite on Large Bone Defect in Rats

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-Yin Yang ◽  
Tzung-Chi Huang ◽  
Yueh-Sheng Chen ◽  
Chun-Hsu Yao
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Bone Repair ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
Micro Ct ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Inhalation Anesthesia ◽  
Electromagnetic Stimulation ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Large Bone

Previous studies have shown the electromagnetic stimulation improves bone remodeling and bone healing. However, the effect of percutaneous electrical stimulation (ES) was not directly explored. The purpose of this study was to evaluate effect of ES on improvement of bone repair. Twenty-four adult maleSprague-Dawley ratswere used for cranial implantation. We used a composite comprising genipin cross-linked gelatin mixed with tricalcium phosphate (GGT). Bone defects of all rats were filled with the GGT composites, and the rats were assigned into six groups after operation. The first three groups underwent 4, 8, and 12 weeks of ES, and the anode was connected to the backward of the defect on the neck; the cathode was connected to the front of the defect on the head. Rats were under inhalation anesthesia during the stimulation. The other three groups only received inhalation anesthesia without ES, as control groups. All the rats were examined afterward at 4, 8, and 12 weeks. Radiographic examinations including X-ray and micro-CT showed the progressive bone regeneration in the both ES and non-ES groups. The amount of the newly formed bone increased with the time between implantation and examination in the ES and non-ES groups and was higher in the ES groups. Besides, the new bone growth trended on bilateral sides in ES groups and accumulated in U-shape in non-ES groups. The results indicated that ES could improve bone repair, and the effect is higher around the cathode.

scholarly journals Erratum

Cephalalgia ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (7) ◽  
pp. NP1-NP1
Keyword(s):  
Animal Model ◽  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Single Dose ◽  
Sodium Pentobarbital ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Print Version ◽  
C Fibers ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Number Of Cells ◽  
Stimulation Of

Zhao Y, Martins-Oliveira M, Akerman S, and Goadsby PJ. Comparative effects of traditional Chinese and Western migraine medicines in an animal model of nociceptive trigeminovascular activation. Cephalalgia. Epub ahead of print 24 August 2017. DOI: 10.1177/0333102417728245 In this article, some data was incorrectly reported in the following sentences. The corrections are shown in bold font below: Page 2: Fifty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats (250–370 g) were anesthetized using a single dose of sodium pentobarbital (60 mg kg−1 i.p.; Nembutal, Diamondback Drugs, Scottsdale, AZ) for induction, and propofol (20–25 mg kg−1 h−1 i.v., Propoflo, Abbott, Abbott Park, IL, USA) for maintenance throughout the experiment. Page 3: The data collected as post-stimulus histograms after electrical stimulation of the dura mater for Ad-fibers represent the number of cells fired over at least a 10 ms period in the region 5–20 ms, and for C-fibers 20–80 ms, post-stimulation over the 20 collections. Page 3: Recordings were made from 54 neurons (in 54 rats) responsive to dural stimulation. The print version of this article has been corrected.

Effects of Sodium Phenobarbital on Brain Stimulation Behavior, Behavioral Seizures, and EEG Seizure Activity

1978 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 1007-1016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon N. Schnare ◽  
Irmingard I. Lenzer
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Seizure Activity ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Continuous Reinforcement ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Sodium Phenobarbital ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Rate Of Response ◽  
Stimulation Of

The effects of sodium phenobarbital on (a) behavior reinforced by electrical stimulation of the brain, (b) behavioral seizures, and (c) EEG seizure activity were observed in seven male Sprague-Dawley rats. Rate of response on placebo day, over a 30-min. continuous reinforcement session, was compared to rate of response on drug day; an increase in response on the drug day over the placebo day was called a positive phenobarbital effect and a decrease a negative phenobarbital effect. For some animals the positive phenobarbital effect disappeared when the animal's rate of response was calculated for seizure-free time, i.e., when the time spent in seizure was subtracted from the 30-min. period. For other animals, however, the phenobarbital effect, whether positive or negative, was not directly related to time gained on the drug day compared to the placebo day. A new concept was advanced, that of seizure-proneness, measured by the number and duration of seizures and spike after-discharges. Significant correlations were found for seizure-proneness and phenobarbital effect.

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