Corrigendum to “Assessing the impacts of cover crops on maize and soybean yield in the U.S. Midwestern agroecosystems” [Field Crops Res. 273 (2021) 108264]

Adoption of cover crop interseeding in the northwestern Corn Belt in the USA is limited due to inadequate fall moisture for establishment, short growing season, additional costs, and need for adapted winter-hardy species. This study evaluated three cover crop treatments—no cover crop, winter rye (Secale cereale L.), and winter camelina (Camelina sativa (L.) Crantz)—which were interseeded at the R6 soybean growth stage, using two different soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merr.) maturity groups (0.5 vs. 0.9) and two row spacings (30.5 vs. 61 cm). The objective was to evaluate these treatments on cover crop biomass, soil cover, plant density, and soybean yield. Spring wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) grain yield was also measured the following year. The early-maturing soybean cultivar (0.5 maturity) resulted in increased cover crop biomass and soil cover, with winter rye outperforming winter camelina. However, the early-maturing soybean yielded 2308 kg·ha−1, significantly less compared with the later maturing cultivar (2445 kg·ha−1). Narrow row spacing had higher soybean yield, but row spacing did not affect cover crop growth. Spring wheat should not follow winter rye if rye is terminated right before seeding the wheat. However, wheat planted after winter camelina was no different than when no cover crop was interseeded in soybean. Interseeding cover crops into established soybean is possible, however, cover crop biomass accumulation and soil cover are limited.

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Cover crops as modifying agents of microbiological soil attribute

Australian Journal of Crop Science ◽

10.21475/ajcs.19.13.10.p1723 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1578-1585

Author(s):

Catia Aparecida Simon ◽

Sebastião Ferreira de Lima ◽

Meire Silvestrini Cordeiro ◽

Vinícius Andrade Secco ◽

Guilherme Nacata ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Soil Cover ◽

Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽

Carbon Sources ◽

Basal Respiration ◽

Plant Residues ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Rapid Responses ◽

Urochloa Brizantha

Carbon sources are exuded and deposited by different soil cover plants. They promote growth, diversity and enhancement of soil microbial community functionality, due to organic matter degradation by participating in major biochemical cycles and the availability of inorganic nutrients to plants. In this way, it is necessary to evaluate the microbiological attributes of the soil after cover cropping, which allows for surveying and monitoring the soil quality, thereby enabling rapid responses in relation to managing changes in the soil. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate soil microbiological attributes and soybean grain yield under the influence of different cover crops. The experiment was installed in the year 2015. The treatments were constituted by the following vegetation coverages: sorghum, millet, Urochloa ruziziensis, forage turnip, Urochloa brizantha, crambe and fallow area, with cover crops sown in succession to the soybean crop for three years prior to the date of installation of the experiment .The evaluated parameters were soil microbial biomass carbon, soil basal respiration, metabolic quotient, enzymatic activity of acid phosphatase and soil β-glucosidase, plant phytomass produced by the different cover crops and soybean yield in each area. The use of cover crops promotes higher soybean yield. The microbial activity and its efficiency were modulated according to the type of cover crop used. Soil under sorghum mulch provided lower microbial efficiency. The U. ruziziensis plant residues remain for less time on the soil. The results show that U. brizantha may be the most suitable for its use as a soil cover plant, providing improvements in its attributes.

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Towards sustainable maize production in the U.S. upper Midwest with interseeded cover crops

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0231032 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (4) ◽

pp. e0231032

Author(s):

Hannah L. Rusch ◽

Jeffrey A. Coulter ◽

Julie M. Grossman ◽

Gregg A. Johnson ◽

Paul M. Porter ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Upper Midwest ◽

Maize Production ◽

The U.S

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Effect of Diseases on Soybean Yields in the United States and Ontario (1999 to 2002)

Plant Health Progress ◽

10.1094/php-2003-0325-01-rv ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 24 ◽

Cited By ~ 47

Author(s):

J. A. Wrather ◽

S. R. Koenning ◽

T. R. Anderson

Keyword(s):

United States ◽

Urban Areas ◽

The United States ◽

Yield Losses ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Rural Economies ◽

Funding Agencies ◽

The U.S

Soybean yields in the U.S. and Ontario have often been suppressed by diseases. The resulting losses are important to rural economies and to the economies of allied industries in urban areas. The authors compiled estimates of soybean yield losses due to diseases for each soybean producing state in the U.S. and Ontario from 1999 to 2002. The goal was to provide this information to help funding agencies and scientists prioritize research objectives and budgets. Accepted for publication 4 March 2003. Published 25 March 2003.

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Cover-Crop Roller–Crimper Contributes to Weed Management in No-Till Soybean

Weed Science ◽

10.1614/ws-d-09-00040.1 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 58 (3) ◽

pp. 300-309 ◽

Cited By ~ 83

Author(s):

Adam S. Davis

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Weed Management ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Yield Loss ◽

Bare Soil ◽

Rate Variation ◽

Hairy Vetch ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Weed Interference ◽

No Till

Termination of cover crops prior to no-till planting of soybean is typically accomplished with burndown herbicides. Recent advances in cover-crop roller–crimper design offer the possibility of reliable physical termination of cover crops without tillage. A field study within a no-till soybean production system was conducted in Urbana, IL, from 2004 through 2007 to quantify the effects of cover crop (cereal rye, hairy vetch, or bare soil control), termination method (chemical burndown or roller–crimper), and postemergence glyphosate application rate (0, 1.1, or 2.2 kg ae ha−1) on soybean yield components, weed–crop interference, and soil environmental variables. Biomass of weeds surviving management within a soybean crop following either a vetch or rye cover crop was reduced by 26 and 56%, respectively, in the rolled system compared to the burndown system. Soybean yield loss due to weed interference was unaffected by cover-crop termination method in soybean following a rye cover crop, but was higher in the rolled than burndown treatment in both hairy vetch and bare soil treatments. In soybean following a rye cover crop, regardless of termination method, yield loss to weed interference was unaffected by glyphosate rate, whereas in soybean following a vetch cover crop or bare soil, yield loss decreased with glyphosate rate. Variation in soybean yield among cover crops and cover-crop termination treatments was due largely to differences in soybean establishment, rather than differences in the soil environment. Use of a roller–crimper to terminate a cover crop preceding no-till soybean has the potential to achieve similar yields to those obtained in a chemically terminated cover crop while reducing residual weed biomass.

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The effects of pesticides on Carabidae (Insecta Coleoptera) predators of slugs (Mollusca Gastropoda) literature review

New Zealand Plant Protection ◽

10.30843/nzpp.2006.59.4543 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 59 ◽

pp. 208-216

Author(s):

R.F. Van_Toor

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Literature Review ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Integrated Approach ◽

Arable Crops ◽

Soil Cultivation ◽

Field Crops ◽

Winter Cover ◽

Winter Cover Crops

Predation of slugs by Carabidae may contribute significantly to slug control in an integrated approach in pasture and arable crops Carabidae are susceptible to many insecticides used in field crops and to the molluscicide methiocarb but populations tend to recover within 1 month through migration from adjacent areas However in the longterm repeated insecticide and molluscicide treatments may affect carabid numbers and diversity in agricultural habitats The effect of pesticides on carabid populations can be reduced in soils rich in organic matter and recovery enhanced by establishment of beetle refugia in conservation headlands and winter cover crops and by avoiding deep and frequent soil cultivation

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The Combined Influence of Cover Crops and Manure on Maize and Soybean Yield in a Kentucky Silt Loam Soil

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11216058 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (21) ◽

pp. 6058 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Maheteme Gebremedhin ◽

Sait Sarr ◽

Mark Coyne ◽

Karamat R. Sistani ◽

Jason Simmons

Keyword(s):

Cover Crops ◽

Animal Manure ◽

First Year ◽

Conservation Practices ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Cereal Rye ◽

Beneficial Effects ◽

Crimson Clover ◽

Growing Seasons ◽

Small Producer

Management that degrades soil can be one of the main causes of low agricultural productivity and environmental problems in many agricultural regions. There is renewed interest in soil conservation practices to promote sustainable agriculture by improving soil quality and productivity. In this study, the short-term on-farm benefits of cover crops and manure on crop yield and biomass were examined during two consecutive growing seasons. The experiment was conducted at a small-producer farm in Logan County, Kentucky, USA. Soybean (Glycine max L.) and maize (Zea mays L.) were used as summer annual rotation crops in no-tilled soils. A cover crop mix of cereal rye (Secale cereale L.), Austrian winter pea (Pisum sativum L.), and crimson clover (Trifolium incarnatum L.) was planted after the main crop was harvested each year. Aboveground biomass of the soybean and maize were assessed, and yield was estimated from hand-harvested plants. In the first year of the study (2016), there were apparent but not significant beneficial effects of animal manure and cover crops on soybean yield, but not on biomass. The biomass and maize grain yield in the second year (2017) were detectable, significant, and increased as a result of the cover crops and manure application (p < 0.05). While beneficial effects of combining cover crops and manure may not be obvious in the first year of a rotation, they can be apparent in subsequent years. However, longer-term observation and measurement are necessary to better quantify the relationship between sustainable conservation practices and productivity.

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Glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed (Ambrosia trifida L.) control with preplant herbicides in soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.]

Canadian Journal of Plant Science ◽

10.4141/cjps2012-025 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 92 (5) ◽

pp. 913-922 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

Joseph P. Vink ◽

Nader Soltani ◽

Darren E. Robinson ◽

François J. Tardif ◽

Mark B. Lawton ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Glycine Max ◽

Field Trials ◽

Yield Losses ◽

Ambrosia Trifida ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Field Crops ◽

Giant Ragweed ◽

Glycine Max L ◽

Significant Yield ◽

Residual Control

Vink, J. P., Soltani, N., Robinson, D. E., Tardif, F. J., Lawton, M. B. and Sikkema, P. H. 2012. Glyphosate-resistant giant ragweed ( Ambrosia trifida L.) control with preplant herbicides in soybean [ Glycine max (L.) Merr.]. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 913–922. Giant ragweed populations in southwestern Ontario have evolved resistance to glyphosate. Glyphosate-resistant (GR) giant ragweed interference in field crops can lead to significant yield losses. Eleven field trials [five with preplant (PP) burndown only and six with PP burndown plus residual herbicides] were conducted in 2010 and 2011 on Ontario farms with GR giant ragweed to evaluate the efficacy of various PP herbicides applied prior to soybean planting. Glyphosate applied at the recommended field dose failed to adequately control GR giant ragweed. The PP herbicides 2,4-D ester, cloransulam-methyl and saflufenacil applied alone and with glyphosate provided 97–99, 68–100 and 71–94% control, respectively and resulted in soybean yields equivalent to the weed-free check. Combinations of glyphosate plus cloransulam-methyl or linuron controlled GR giant ragweed 8 wk after application (WAA), 75–95 and 95–98%, respectively. Residual control with glyphosate plus linuron resulted in soybean yield equivalent to the weed-free check. Based on these results, GR giant ragweed can be controlled prior to soybean planting in southwestern Ontario.

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Weed suppression and soybean yield in a no-till cover-crop mulched system as influenced by six rye cultivars

Renewable Agriculture and Food Systems ◽

10.1017/s1742170515000344 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 31 (5) ◽

pp. 429-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

M. Scott Wells ◽

Carrie M. Brinton ◽

S. Chris Reberg-Horton

Keyword(s):

Biomass Production ◽

Cover Crops ◽

Cover Crop ◽

Weed Suppression ◽

Early Flowering ◽

Planting Dates ◽

Soybean Yield ◽

Late Flowering ◽

No Till ◽

Termination Date

AbstractCover crop mulches have been successful in reducing weed severity in organic soybeans. This study examined six rye cultivars (SRCs) used as cover crops to determine which were most adapted for use with a roller–crimper in the southeastern U.S. To be an effective mulch, a rye cultivar must produce high biomass and reach reproductive growth stage to facilitate mechanical termination via the roller–crimper prior to soybean planting. Rye cultivars were planted at three locations in North Carolina over the 2009 and 2010 growing seasons. Each rye cultivar was mechanically terminated via a roller–crimper implement. Rye cover crops were terminated on two dates and soybeans were immediately no-till planted into the mulch. In 2009, all rye cultivars produced greater than 9000 kg ha−1 rye biomass dry matter (DM) with the exception of Rymin at Plymouth (2009), but in 2010 only the early flowering cultivars produced in excess of 9000 kg ha−1 DM. There were no detectable soybean yield differences between the SRCs and the weed-free checks, and weed control was excellent across all SRCs at both Plymouth and Salisbury (2009). After an unseasonably cold and wet winter in 2010, the late flowering rye cultivars were not fully controlled by the early termination date due to delayed maturation (less than 65% control at 2 WAP) whereas the early flowering cultivars were fully controlled (100% control at 2 WAP). Rye biomass production was below 9000 kg ha−1 DM for the late flowering and dough development rye cultivars. The early-terminated rye plots had greater weed coverage across all SRCs than those from the late termination date (P < 0.01). However, weeds did not impact soybean yield for either of the termination dates. Soybean yield in 2010 was modeled with rye biomass and soybean population used as covariates, and for both termination dates, soybean yield was proportional to rye biomass production. Early flowering rye cultivars offer producers the widest range of termination opportunities that best coincide with their cash crop planting dates.

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