Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol, isolated from the brown algae Ishige okamurae, protects against radiation-induced cell damage in mice

2011 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 864-870 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meejung Ahn ◽  
Changjong Moon ◽  
Wonjun Yang ◽  
Eun-Ju Ko ◽  
Jin Won Hyun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brown Algae ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Ishige Okamurae ◽  
Radiation Induced

A review on radiation induced nausea and vomiting: “Current management strategies and prominence of radio sensitizers”

2021 ◽  
pp. 107815522110115
Author(s):  
Meenu Vijayan ◽  
Sherin Joseph ◽  
Emmanuel James ◽  
Debnarayan Dutta
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Genetic Material ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Concurrent Chemotherapy ◽  
Nausea And Vomiting ◽  
Dose Fractionation ◽  
Psychological State ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Radiation Induced

Radiations dissipated are high energy waves used mostly as treatment intervention in controlling the unwanted multiplication of cell. About 60%–65% of cancer treatment requires radiation therapy and 40%–80% of radiation therapy causes RINV which are true troublemakers. Radiation therapy (RT) is targeted therapy mostly used to treat early stages of tumour and prevent their reoccurrence. They mainly destroy the genetic material (DNA) of cancerous cells to avoid their unwanted growth and division. The RINV affects the management and quality of life of patients which further reduces the patient outcome. RINV depends on RT related factors (dose, fractionation, irradiation volume, RT techniques) and patient related factors like (gender, health conditions, age, concurrent chemotherapy, psychological state, and tumour stage). RT is an active area of research and there is only limited progress in tackling the RINV crisis. Advanced technological methods are adopted that led to better understanding of total lethal doses. Radiation therapy also affects the immunity system that leads to radiation induced immune responses and inflammation. Radio sensitizers are used to sensitize the tumour cells to radiations that further prevent the normal cell damage from radiation exposure. There is a need for future studies and researches to re-evaluate the data available from previous trials in RINV to make better effective antiemetic regimen. The article focuses on radiation therapy induced nausea and vomiting along with their mechanism of action and treatment strategies in order to have a remarkable patient care.

Radiation-induced red cell damage: role of reactive oxygen species

Transfusion ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
AJ Anand ◽  
WH Dzik ◽  
A Imam ◽  
SM Sadrzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Reactive Oxygen Species ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Reactive Oxygen ◽  
Red Cell ◽  
Oxygen Species ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals A 3D Agent-Based Model of Lung Fibrosis

Symmetry ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Nicolò Cogno ◽  
Roman Bauer ◽  
Marco Durante
Keyword(s):  
Lung Fibrosis ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Multiple Scales ◽  
Inflammatory Diseases ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Heterogeneous Systems ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Agent Based Model ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Radiation Induced

Understanding the pathophysiology of lung fibrosis is of paramount importance to elaborate targeted and effective therapies. As it onsets, the randomly accumulating extracellular matrix (ECM) breaks the symmetry of the branching lung structure. Interestingly, similar pathways have been reported for both idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and radiation-induced lung fibrosis (RILF). Individuals suffering from the disease, the worldwide incidence of which is growing, have poor prognosis and a short mean survival time. In this context, mathematical and computational models have the potential to shed light on key underlying pathological mechanisms, shorten the time needed for clinical trials, parallelize hypotheses testing, and improve personalized drug development. Agent-based modeling (ABM) has proven to be a reliable and versatile simulation tool, whose features make it a good candidate for recapitulating emergent behaviors in heterogeneous systems, such as those found at multiple scales in the human body. In this paper, we detail the implementation of a 3D agent-based model of lung fibrosis using a novel simulation platform, namely, BioDynaMo, and prove that it can qualitatively and quantitatively reproduce published results. Furthermore, we provide additional insights on late-fibrosis patterns through ECM density distribution histograms. The model recapitulates key intercellular mechanisms, while cell numbers and types are embodied by alveolar segments that act as agents and are spatially arranged by a custom algorithm. Finally, our model may hold potential for future applications in the context of lung disorders, ranging from RILF (by implementing radiation-induced cell damage mechanisms) to COVID-19 and inflammatory diseases (such as asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease).

Carboxymethylated Glucan Inhibits Lipid Peroxidation in Liposomes

1999 ◽  
Vol 54 (12) ◽  
pp. 1084-1088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Melánia Babincová ◽  
Eva Machová ◽  
Grigorij Kogan
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Microwave Radiation ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Oh Radicals ◽  
Moderate Amount ◽  
Liposome Membrane ◽  
Phosphatidylcholine Liposomes ◽  
Oxidation Index ◽  
Liposome Suspension ◽  
Radiation Induced

Protective capabilities were studied of carboxymethylated (1→3)-β-ᴅ-glucan from Saccharomyces cerevisiae cell wall against lipid peroxidation in phosphatidylcholine liposomes in duced by OH· radicals produced with Fenton’s reagent (H2O2/Fe2+) and also by microwave radiation using absorption UV-VIS spectrophotometry. A significant decrease in the conjugated diene production, quantified as Klein oxidation index, was observed in the presence of a moderate amount of added glucan. Increase of the oxidation index was accompanied with enhanced carboxyfluorescein leakage as a result of liposome membrane destabilization. This process was markedly suppressed with glucan present in the liposome suspension. Therefore, glucan may be considered as a potent protector against microwave radiation-induced cell damage.

scholarly journals Plant Extracts as Possible Agents for Sequela of Cancer Therapies and Cachexia

Antioxidants ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 836 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinjoo Lee ◽  
Myung In Jeong ◽  
Hyo-Rim Kim ◽  
Hyejin Park ◽  
Won-Kyoung Moon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
B Cell Lymphoma ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Cancer Proliferation ◽  
Monocyte Chemoattractant Protein 1 ◽  
Radiation Induced ◽  
Factor Α

Cancer is a leading cause of the death worldwide. Since the National Cancer Act in 1971, various cancer treatments were developed including chemotherapy, surgery, radiation therapy and so forth. However, sequela of such cancer therapies and cachexia are problem to the patients. The primary mechanism of cancer sequela and cachexia is closely related to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inflammation. As antioxidant properties of numerous plant extracts have been widely reported, plant-derived drugs may have efficacy on managing the sequela and cachexia. In this study, recent seventy-four studies regarding plant extracts showing ability to manage the sequela and cachexia were reviewed. Some plant-derived antioxidants inhibited cancer proliferation and inflammation after surgery and others prevented chemotherapy-induced normal cell apoptosis. Also, there are plant extracts that suppressed radiation-induced oxidative stress and cell damage by elevation of glutathione (GSH), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and regulation of B-cell lymphoma 2 (BcL-2) and Bcl-2-associated X protein (Bax). Cachexia was also alleviated by inhibition of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) by plant extracts. This review focuses on the potential of plant extracts as great therapeutic agents by controlling oxidative stress and inflammation.

[6]-Gingerol prevents gamma radiation-induced cell damage in HepG2 cells

2015 ◽  
Vol 305 (1) ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dong-Min Chung ◽  
S. M. Nasir Uddin ◽  
Jin-Hong Kim ◽  
Jin Kyu Kim
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Radiation ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
Radiation Induced

scholarly journals Can Tomato Powder Reduce Radiation-Induced Effects in a Murine Model of Prostate Cancer?

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 348-348
Author(s):  
Joe Rowles III ◽  
Matthew Wallig ◽  
Kimberly Selting ◽  
Timothy Fan ◽  
Rita Miller ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Inflammatory Markers ◽  
Cell Damage ◽  
External Beam Radiation ◽  
Surrounding Tissue ◽  
C Reactive Protein ◽  
Beam Radiation ◽  
Reactive Protein ◽  
Mouse Prostate ◽  
Radiation Induced

Abstract Objectives Tomatoes contain carotenoids and other potent antioxidants that may protect the surrounding tissue from the detrimental effects of external beam radiation therapy, while reducing rates of prostate carcinogenesis. The objective of this study was to determine whether dietary lyophilized tomato paste (TP) alters early inflammatory and oxidative events following a single dose of radiation and leads to a more successful therapeutic outcome. Methods Male Transgenic Adenocarcinoma of the Mouse Prostate (TRAMP) mice (n = 76) were provided a powdered AIN-93 G diet (Control) or a modified AIN-93 G diet containing 10% TP (w/w) at 4 weeks of age. Mice were monitored by ultrasound for in vivo tumor detection and 3-D volumetric measurement biweekly. Once tumors reached a volume of 1000 mm3, the caudal half of the mouse was irradiated with 7.5 gy (Rad, n = 18–19 per diet) or 0 gy (sham, n = 16–20 per diet) with a Cobalt-60 source. Mice were euthanized 24 hours after radiation or sham treatment. Antioxidants (carotenoids and α-tocopherol) were measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) in the serum, tumor, prostate, and liver. Sections of tumor, liver, kidneys, bladder, lymph, bladder and intestines were stained by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and cleaved-caspase 3 were assessed for radiation-induced changes and apoptosis. Inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, IL-6, IL-17A, TNFα, IFNγ, and IL-10) were measured in serum, liver, prostate, tumor, and epididymal adipose tissues by ELISA. Results This study is the first to explore the effects of TP on the tumor microenvironment following irradiation. Initial results suggest that TP consumption does not alter circulating or tissue (liver and prostate) concentrations of inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, TNFα, IFNγ, IL-6, IL-17, or IL-10). We hypothesize that TP-Rad will maintain similar levels of circulating concentrations of antioxidants (carotenoids and α-tocopherol) compared to sham-treated mice. Additionally, we hypothesize that TP will reduce markers of cell damage in surrounding tissues. Conclusions This study will provide important preclinical data to inform future clinical trials evaluating approaches to lessen extra-prostatic damage from radiation therapy and thus improve therapeutic outcomes. Funding Sources This work was supported by USDA NIFA ILLU-971–334.

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