Impact of fire severity on soil properties and the development of tree and shrub species in a Scots pine moist forest site in southern Poland

2015 ◽  
Vol 342 ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zbigniew Dzwonko ◽  
Stefania Loster ◽  
Stefan Gawroński
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Southern Poland ◽  
Moist Forest

scholarly journals PASSAGE OF WHEAT FIRE IMPACT ON SOIL PROPERTIES AND ENVIRONMENT IN KURDISTAN REGION

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 461-470
Author(s):  
Tariq & et al.
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Field Capacity ◽  
Infiltration Rate ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Biological Properties ◽  
Surface Burn ◽  
Effect Of Surface

The study was conducted to examine the effect of surface burn severity (Moderate, Severe and Unburned) of wheat straw on soil properties. The results showed statistical differences in some soil physical, chemical and biological properties. Bulk density and field capacity increased statistically by the severity of fire; however, porosity and infiltration rate were statistically lower in sever burned plot when compared to unburned plot. The chemical properties, soil organic matter (SOM), P, Ca, S, Cl, K, Mo, Fe and As were not affected by the fire. The pH value was increased slightly by increasing the fire severity, while, EC was decreased when compared with the unburned plot. It was found a statistical reduction in the number of bacterial and fungal cells per gram soil in the burned plots. A moderate and severe fire reduced seed germination percentage significantly. This finding suggests that fire severity may destruct the biological, physical and some of the chemical properties of the soil, and this may impact negatively on plant growth in the next growing season.

scholarly journals Selected physical and mechanical properties of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood from stands of younger age classes as criteria for rational utilization of timber

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Przemysław Marcin Pikiński ◽  
Jaroslav Szaban ◽  
Gerda Šilingienė ◽  
Robert Korzeniewicz ◽  
Witold Pazdrowski
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Pinus Sylvestris ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Bending Strength ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Coniferous Forests ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Quality Coefficient

The aim of this study was to assess the quality of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) wood depending on the age of trees, forest site conditions and social class of tree position in the stand. Analyses were based on the determination of specific density and static bending strength, as well as the strength quality coefficient. It was to determine changes in physical and mechanical properties of timber depending on tree age as well as growth conditions reflected in the forest site such as fresh mixed coniferous forests and fresh mixed broadleaved forests. Experimental plots were established in 6 localities with 30, 40 and 60-year-old trees. In each of the stands, a 1-hectare experimental plot was established. Based on the measured DBH and tree height, dimensions of three mean sample trees were calculated, while the classification of social class of tree position in the stand developed by Kraft (1884) was also applied. Analyses were conducted on wood samples with 12% moisture content. Strength tests on wood samples were performed on an Instron 33RH204 universal strength testing machine. A detailed analysis showed properties of pine wood are improved with an increase of tree age in both forest sites. Statistically significant differences were observed for wood density and static bending strength. More advantageous properties were observed for wood of pines from the less fertile forest site, i.e., fresh mixed coniferous forests. Density and static bending strength were markedly determined by tree age and growth conditions. The static bending strength quality coefficient from pines growing in the fresh mixed coniferous forests increased between 30 and 40 years, similarly as it was for the fresh mixed broadleaved forests, while between 40 and 60 years, it deteriorated for the fresh mixed coniferous forests. Wood density from the fresh mixed coniferous forests was by 3% to 7% greater than pines growing in fresh mixed broadleaved forests. In turn, static bending strength of wood from pines growing in fresh mixed coniferous forests was by 4% to 10% greater than trees from the fresh mixed broadleaved forests.  Keywords: Scots pine, wood properties, forest site, Poland

scholarly journals How clear-cutting affects fire severity and soil properties in a Mediterranean ecosystem

2018 ◽  
Vol 206 ◽  
pp. 625-632 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcos Francos ◽  
Paulo Pereira ◽  
Jorge Mataix-Solera ◽  
Victoria Arcenegui ◽  
Meritxell Alcañiz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Mediterranean Ecosystem ◽  
Clear Cutting

scholarly journals Effects of deforestation on the properties of soil of Sal forests in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 63-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Zabed Hossain ◽  
Mihir Lal Saha ◽  
Chaman Binta Aziz ◽  
Sirajul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Natural Forest ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Bacterial Colony ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Sal Forest

This study examined the effect of deforestation on the soil properties (physico-chemical and bacterial) of the Sal (Shorea robusta Roxb. Ex Gaertn.) forests in Bangladesh. Physico-chemical properties and the bacterial colony counts of soil were studied by comparing a natural Sal forest site with deforested and planted with Menjium site, deforested and planted with Mahogoni site, as well as deforested but not planted but covered with profuse growth of Axonopus compressus grass species site. Moisture content was significantly lower in the deforested and planted with Menjium site and deforested and planted with Mahogoni site than the natural forest site and the deforested but not planted site. Total organic carbon, total nitrogen and available nitrogen contents were significantly lower in the natural forest site. Significantly higher number of bacterial colony and higher organic carbon and moisture contents were found in the deforested but not planted site indicating that both organic carbon and moisture content were important for microbial growth. The present study clearly showed that deforestation significantly altered the soil physico-chemical and bacterial communities of the Sal forests. It was also revealed that plantation with different exotic plants were found to be different in influencing soil properties. Key words: Bacterial colony; Deforestation effects; Sal forest; Soil physico-chemical properties DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/dujbs.v19i1.8945 DUJBS 2010; 19(1): 63-72

Factors related to seedling growth in a boreal Scots pine stand: a spatial analysis of a vegetation–soil system

1993 ◽  
Vol 23 (10) ◽  
pp. 2101-2109 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timo Kuuluvainen ◽  
Timo J. Hokkanen ◽  
Erkki Järvinen ◽  
Timo Pukkala
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Height Growth ◽  
Understory Vegetation ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Theory Approach ◽  
Seedling Height ◽  
Canopy Trees

The spatial structure of vegetation and soil properties of a patchy Scots pine (Pinussylvestris L.) forest of 1 ha was described and examined in relation to the height growth of pine seedlings in the understory. Measured ecosystem properties included the distribution and sizes of canopy trees, within-stand radiation regime, composition of understory vegetation, and topsoil and mineral soil properties. The joint distance dependent effects of large trees were described as the influence potential, derived from the ecological field theory approach. The variation in understory vegetation and soil characteristics was described as score values, derived from multivariate analyses, summarizing the variation of multiple measured variables; factor analysis was used for topsoil and mineral soil properties and canonical correspondence analysis was used for understory species composition. The spatial variation of variables was examined and mapped using geostatistical techniques. The influence potential of canopy trees, as determined by their size and spatial distribution, correlated most strongly with seedling growth, so that the height growth of seedlings was retarded in the vicinity of trees. Correlations suggest that canopy trees also affected seedlings indirectly through their dominating effect on the properties of understory vegetation and humus layer. The mineral soil nutrient content showed a weak positive correlation with seedling height growth. All the factors related to seedling growth showed substantial small-scale variation across the 1-ha study site. The analysis suggests that the variation in seedling height growth in the understory of the studied Scots pine stand is largely caused by the spatial heterogeneity of both above- and below-ground factors and by the joint effect of their complex interaction.

scholarly journals Vegetative and Edaphic Responses in a Northern Mixed Conifer Forest Three Decades after Harvest and Fire: Implications for Managing Regeneration and Carbon and Nitrogen Pools

Forests ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1040
Author(s):  
R. Kasten Dumroese ◽  
Martin F. Jurgensen ◽  
Deborah S. Page-Dumroese
Keyword(s):  
Prescribed Fire ◽  
Forest Floor ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Habitat Type ◽  
Larix Occidentalis ◽  
Shrub Species ◽  
Silvicultural Practices ◽  
C And N ◽  
C And N Pools

Research Highlights: This experiment compares a range of combinations of harvest, prescribed fire, and wildfire. Leveraging a 30-year-old forest management-driven experiment, we explored the recovery of woody species composition, regeneration of the charismatic forest tree species Larix occidentalis Nutt., and vegetation and soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) pools. Background and Objectives: Initiated in 1967, this experiment intended to explore combinations of habitat type phases and prescribed fire severity toward supporting regeneration of L. occidentalis. At onset of the experiment, a wildfire affected a portion of the 60 research plots, allowing for additional study. Our objective was to better understand silvicultural practices to support L. occidentalis regeneration and to better understand the subsequent impacts of silvicultural practices on C and N pools within the vegetation and soil. Materials and Methods: We categorized disturbance severity based on loss of forest floor depth; 11 categories were defined, including controls for the two habitat type phases involved. We collected abundance, biomass, and C and N concentrations for the herbaceous layer, shrubs, and trees using nested quadrats and 6 to 10 experimental units per disturbance category plot. Moreover, we systematically sampled woody residue from transects, and forest floor, soil wood, and mineral soil with a systematic grid of 16 soil cores per disturbance category plot. Results: We found that (1) disturbance severity affected shrub species richness, diversity, and evenness within habitat type phases; (2) L. occidentalis regenerates when fire is part of the disturbance; (3) N-fixing shrub species were more diverse in the hotter, drier plots; (4) recovery levels of C and N pools within the soil had surpassed or were closer to pre-disturbance levels than pools within the vegetation. Conclusions: We confirm that L. occidentalis regeneration and a diverse suite of understory shrub species can be supported by harvest and prescribed fire, particularly in southern and western aspects. We also conclude that these methods can regenerate L. occidentalis in cooler, moister sites, which may be important as this species’ climate niche shifts with climate change.

scholarly journals Tree Species Effects on Soil Properties in Experimental Plantations in Tropical Moist Forest

2007 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
pp. 1389-1397 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Russell ◽  
J. W. Raich ◽  
O. J. Valverde-Barrantes ◽  
R. F. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Species Effects ◽  
Moist Forest ◽  
Tree Species Effects

scholarly journals How different approaches to logging residues handling affected retention of nutrients at poor-soil Scots pine site after clear-cutting? A case study

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 461-470
Author(s):  
Ondřej Špulák ◽  
Dušan Kacálek
Keyword(s):  
Scots Pine ◽  
Small Diameter ◽  
Dry Mass ◽  
Nutrient Loss ◽  
Unconsolidated Sediments ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Sandy Gravel ◽  
Clear Cutting ◽  
Logging Residues ◽  
Whole Tree Harvesting

Biomass nutrient loss and retention were studied at nutrient-poor forest site dominated by Scots pine where two methods of logging residues handling after clear-cutting were compared. The experiment was conducted on nutrient-poor pine-oak forest site on deep sandy-gravel unconsolidated sediments at the altitude of 255 m. There were three treatments established such as (i) control – no harvesting, (ii) whole-tree harvesting with ca. 10% of the slash retained unintentionally on site as processing residues and (iii) stem-only harvesting when small-diameter wood and slash were left on site. The third treatment was found to retain much larger amounts of nutrients in logging residues representing 16% of total above-ground dry mass which accounted for 58% of N, 32% of P, 56% of K, 22% of Ca and 28% of Mg left on site.<br /><br />

scholarly journals Long-term dynamics of monoterpene synthase activities, monoterpene storage pools and emissions in boreal Scots pine

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anni Vanhatalo ◽  
Andrea Ghirardo ◽  
Eija Juurola ◽  
Jörg-Peter Schnitzler ◽  
Ina Zimmer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzyme Activity ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Boreal Forests ◽  
Intraspecific Variability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Forest Site ◽  
Plant Variation ◽  
Needle Age ◽  
Monoterpene Synthase ◽  
Storage Pools

Abstract. Seasonal variations in monoterpene emissions from Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris) are well documented, and emissions are often shown to follow the incident temperatures due to effects on compound volatility. Recent studies have indicated a link between monoterpene emissions and physiological drivers such as photosynthetic capacity during needle development. The complex interplay between the dynamic changes in the biosynthetic capacity to produce monoterpenes and the temperature-dependent evaporation process of volatiles from internal storage reservoirs has not yet been studied under field conditions. Here, we analysed the relationships between needle monoterpene synthase activities, endogenous monoterpene storage pools and monoterpene emissions of needles in two consecutive years at a boreal forest site in Finland. The results showed changes in the monoterpene synthase activity of needles, linked to seasonality and needle ontogenesis, while the pool of stored monoterpenes (about 0.5 % of dry weight) did not change considerably as a function of needle aging. Monoterpene emissions did not correlate directly with enzyme activity or the storage pool size. We observed notably high plant-to-plant variation in the biosynthesis rates of individual monoterpenes, which did not reflect the storage compound mixture. The enzyme activity producing δ-3-carene was only present in the first months after needle flushing, and decreased with needle age, whereas δ-3-carene was abundant in the endogenous monoterpene pool and dominated the needle emissions. This study emphasizes the seasonal, developmental and intraspecific variability of monoterpene biosynthesis and storage, and calls for more in-depth analyses to reveal how such complex interaction affects monoterpene emissions from pine needles in boreal forests.

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