Moth biomass and diversity in coniferous plantation woodlands

In recent years, light detection and ranging (LiDAR) has been increasingly utilized to estimate forest resources. This study was conducted to identify the applicability of a LiDAR sensor for such estimations by comparing data on a tree’s position, height, and diameter at breast height (DBH) obtained using the sensor with those by existing forest inventory methods for a Cryptomeria japonica forest in Jeju Island, South Korea. For this purpose, a backpack personal laser scanning device (BPLS, Greenvalley International, Model D50) was employed in a protected forest, where cutting is not allowed, as a non-invasive means, simultaneously assessing the device’s field applicability. The data collected by the sensor were divided into seven different pathway variations, or “patterns” to consider the density of the sample plots and enhance the efficiency. The accuracy of estimating the variables of each tree was then assessed. The time spent acquiring and processing real-time data was also analyzed for each method, as well as total time and the time required for each measurement. The findings showed that the rate of detection of standing trees by LiDAR was 100%. Additionally, a high statistical accuracy was observed in pattern 5 (DBH: RMSE 1.22 cm, bias—0.90 cm, Height: RMSE 1.66 m, bias—1.18 m) and pattern 7 (DBH: RMSE 1.22 cm, bias—0.92 cm, Height: RMSE 1.48 m, bias—1.23 m) compared to the results from the typical inventory method. A range of 115–162.5 min/ha was required to process the data using the LiDAR, while 322.5–567.5 min was required for the typical inventory method. Thus, the application of a backpack personal LiDAR can lead to higher efficiency when conducting a forest resource inventory in a coniferous plantation with understory vegetation. Further research in various stands is necessary to confirm the efficiency of using backpack personal laser scanning.

Download Full-text

Riparian forestry management and adult stream insects

Hydrology and Earth System Sciences ◽

10.5194/hess-8-545-2004 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 8 (3) ◽

pp. 545-549 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

R. A. Briers ◽

J. H. R. Gee

Keyword(s):

Riparian Vegetation ◽

Management Practices ◽

Food Sources ◽

Tree Cover ◽

Strong Impact ◽

Riparian Management ◽

Stream Insects ◽

Larval Stages ◽

Forestry Management ◽

Coniferous Plantation

Abstract. The impacts of coniferous plantation forestry on the biology of upland streams in the UK are firmly established. Whilst benthic communities have been well studied, very little research has considered the impacts of riparian forestry management on adult stream insects, yet the essentially terrestrial adult (reproductive) phase may be important in determining the abundance and distribution of larval stages. Riparian vegetation has a potentially strong impact on survival and success of adult stages through alteration of microclimate, habitat structure and potential food sources, in addition to effects carried over from larval stages. Here, current riparian management strategies are analysed in the light of available information on the ecology of adult stream insects. On the whole, management practices appear to favour adult stream insects, although an increase in tree cover in riparian areas could be beneficial, by providing more favourable microclimatic conditions for adults. This conclusion is drawn based on rather limited information, and the need for further research into the effects of riparian forestry management on adult stream insects is highlighted. Keywords: microclimate, plantation, life history, riparian vegetation

Download Full-text

Comparison of Coniferous Plantation Heights Using Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) Laser Scanning and Stereo Photogrammetry

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13152885 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 2885

Author(s):

Mei Li ◽

Zengyuan Li ◽

Qingwang Liu ◽

Erxue Chen

Keyword(s):

Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ◽

Prediction Accuracy ◽

Laser Scanning ◽

Forest Stand ◽

Coniferous Plantation ◽

Point Density ◽

Stereo Photogrammetry ◽

Aerial Vehicle ◽

Stand Height ◽

Median Height

Plantation forests play a critical role in forest products and ecosystems. Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) remote sensing has become a promising technology in forest related applications. The stand heights will reflect the growth and competition of individual trees in plantation. UAV laser scanning (ULS) and UAV stereo photogrammetry (USP) can both be used to estimate stand heights using different algorithms. Thus, this study aimed to deeply explore the variations of four kinds of stand heights including mean height, Lorey’s height, dominated height, and median height of coniferous plantations using different models based on ULS and USP data. In addition, the impacts of thinned point density of 30 pts to 10 pts, 5 pts, 1 pts, and 0.8 pts/m2 were also analyzed. Forest stand heights were estimated from ULS and USP data metrics by linear regression and the prediction accuracy was assessed by 10-fold cross validation. The results showed that the prediction accuracy of the stand heights using metrics from USP was basically as good as that of ULS. Lorey’s height had the highest prediction accuracy, followed by dominated height, mean height, and median height. The correlation between height percentiles metrics from ULS and USP increased with the increased height. Different stand heights had their corresponding best height percentiles as variables based on stand height characteristics. Furthermore, canopy height model (CHM)-based metrics performed slightly better than normalized point cloud (NPC)-based metrics. The USP was not able to extract exact terrain information in a continuous coniferous plantation for forest canopy cover (CC) over 0.49. The combination of USP and terrain from ULS can be used to estimate forest stand heights with high accuracy. In addition, the estimation accuracy of each forest stand height was slightly affected by point density, which can also be ignored.

Download Full-text

Specific responses of canopy conductance to environmental factors in a coniferous plantation in subtropical China

Ecological Indicators ◽

10.1016/j.ecolind.2021.108168 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 131 ◽

pp. 108168

Author(s):

Mingjie Xu ◽

Jie Hu ◽

Tao Zhang ◽

Huimin Wang ◽

Xianjin Zhu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Environmental Factors ◽

Canopy Conductance ◽

Subtropical China ◽

Coniferous Plantation

Download Full-text

Spray deposits from aerial insecticide spray simulant applications to a coniferous plantation in low and high wind speeds

Crop Protection ◽

10.1016/0261-2194(94)90162-7 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 13 (2) ◽

pp. 121-126 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nicholas J. Payne

Keyword(s):

High Wind ◽

Wind Speeds ◽

Coniferous Plantation ◽

Insecticide Spray

Download Full-text

Comparison of soil respiration among three temperate forests in Changbai Mountains, China

Canadian Journal of Forest Research ◽

10.1139/x10-010 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 40 (4) ◽

pp. 788-795 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Xu Wang ◽

Yanling Jiang ◽

Bingrui Jia ◽

Fengyu Wang ◽

Guangsheng Zhou

Keyword(s):

Soil Respiration ◽

Soil Temperature ◽

Secondary Forest ◽

Temperature Response ◽

Stand Age ◽

Changbai Mountains ◽

Primary Forest ◽

Plantation Forest ◽

Successional Stage ◽

Coniferous Plantation

CO2 efflux from forest soils is an important process in the global carbon cycle; however, effects of stand age and successional status remain uncertain. We compared soil respiration and its relationship to soil carbon content, forest floor mass, root biomass, soil temperature, and soil moisture content among three temperate forest ecosystems in Changbai Mountains, northeastern China, from 2003 to 2005. Forest types included an old-growth, mixed coniferous and broad-leaved primary forest (MN), a middle-aged, broad-leaved secondary forest (BL), and a young coniferous plantation forest (CP). Average annual soil CO2 efflux at BL (1477.9 ± 61.8 g C·m–2·year–1) was significantly higher than at CP (830.7 ± 48.7 g C·m–2·year–1) and MN (935.4 ± 53.3 g C·m–2·year–1). Differences in soil temperature among those sites were not statistically significant but contributed to the differences in annual CO2 efflux. In addition, the temperature response of soil CO2 efflux was higher at MN (Q10 = 2.78) than that at BL (Q10 = 2.17) and CP (Q10 = 2.02). Our results suggest that successional stage affects soil respiration by the differences in substrate quantity and quality, environmental conditions, and root respiration.

Download Full-text

Remotely sensed land-surface energy fluxes at sub-field scale in heterogeneous agricultural landscape and coniferous plantation

Biogeosciences ◽

10.5194/bg-11-5021-2014 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 11 (18) ◽

pp. 5021-5046 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

R. Guzinski ◽

H. Nieto ◽

R. Jensen ◽

G. Mendiguren

Keyword(s):

Surface Energy ◽

Spatial Resolution ◽

Land Surface ◽

Agricultural Landscape ◽

Remotely Sensed ◽

Energy Fluxes ◽

Surface Energy Fluxes ◽

Coniferous Plantation ◽

Polar Orbiting Satellite ◽

Agricultural Site

Abstract. In this study we evaluate a methodology for disaggregating land surface energy fluxes estimated with the Two-Source Energy Balance (TSEB)-based Dual-Temperature Difference (DTD) model which uses day and night polar orbiting satellite observations of land surface temperature (LST) as a remotely sensed input. The DTD model is run with MODIS input data at a spatial resolution of around 1 km while the disaggregation uses Landsat observations to produce fluxes at a nominal spatial resolution of 30 m. The higher-resolution modelled fluxes can be directly compared against eddy covariance (EC)-based flux tower measurements to ensure more accurate model validation and also provide a better visualization of the fluxes' spatial patterns in heterogeneous areas allowing for development of, for example, more efficient irrigation practices. The disaggregation technique is evaluated in an area covered by the Danish Hydrological Observatory (HOBE), in the west of the Jutland peninsula, and the modelled fluxes are compared against measurements from two flux towers: the first one in a heterogeneous agricultural landscape and the second one in a homogeneous conifer plantation. The results indicate that the coarse-resolution DTD fluxes disaggregated at Landsat scale have greatly improved accuracy as compared to high-resolution fluxes derived directly with Landsat data without the disaggregation. At the agricultural site the disaggregated fluxes display small bias and very high correlation (r &approx; 0.95) with EC-based measurements, while at the plantation site the results are encouraging but still with significant errors. In addition, we introduce a~modification to the DTD model by replacing the "parallel" configuration of the resistances to sensible heat exchange by the "series" configuration. The latter takes into account the in-canopy air temperature and substantially improves the accuracy of the DTD model.

Download Full-text

Soil Microbial Community Response to Silvicultural Intervention in Coniferous Plantation Ecosystems

Ecological Applications ◽

10.2307/1941871 ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 2 (4) ◽

pp. 363-375 ◽

Cited By ~ 40

Author(s):

Rauni Ohtonen ◽

Alison Munson ◽

David Brand

Keyword(s):

Microbial Community ◽

Soil Microbial Community ◽

Community Response ◽

Soil Microbial ◽

Coniferous Plantation

Download Full-text

Modeling the impact of drought on canopy carbon and water fluxes through parameter optimization using an ensemble Kalman filter

Biogeosciences Discussions ◽

10.5194/bgd-6-8279-2009 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 8279-8309 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

W. Ju ◽

S. Wang ◽

G. Yu ◽

Y. Zhou ◽

H. Wang

Keyword(s):

Kalman Filter ◽

Parameter Optimization ◽

Ensemble Kalman Filter ◽

Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽

Model Parameters ◽

Interannual Variations ◽

Atmospheric Water ◽

Model Parameterization ◽

Coniferous Plantation ◽

The Impact

Abstract. Soil and atmospheric water deficits have significant influences on CO2 and energy exchanges between the atmosphere and terrestrial ecosystems. Model parameterization significantly affects the ability of a model to simulate carbon, water, and energy fluxes. In this study, an ensemble Kalman filter (EnKF) and observations of gross primary productivity (GPP) and latent heat (LE) fluxes were used to optimize model parameters significantly affecting the calculation of these fluxes for a subtropical coniferous plantation in southeastern China. The optimized parameters include the maximum carboxylation rate (Vcmax), the Ball-Berry coefficient (m) and the coefficient determining the sensitivity of stomatal conductance to atmospheric water vapor deficit D0). Optimized Vcmax and m showed larger seasonal and interannual variations than D0. Seasonal variations of Vcmax and m are more pronounced than the interannual variations. Vcmax and m are associated with soil water content (SWC). During dry periods, SWC at the 20 cm depth can explain 61% and 64% of variations of Vcmax and m, respectively. EnKF parameter optimization improves the simulations of GPP, LE and sensible heat (SH), mainly during dry periods. After parameter optimization using EnKF, the variations of GPP, LE and SH explained by the model increased by 1% to 4% at half-hourly steps and by 3% to 5% at daily time steps. Efforts are needed to develop algorithms that can properly describe the variations of these parameters under different environmental conditions.

Download Full-text