Factors associated with 14-day hospital readmission in frail older patients: A case-control study

Stroke is a major cause of disability worldwide, and balance impairments are common disabling factors in patients with stroke, leading to falls. Thus, the study objectives were as follows: (i) To find the prevalence of balance impairment among patients with stroke. (ii) To find out the factors associated with balance impairment in patients with stroke. This cross-sectional retrospective case control study involved eighty-one post stroke patients with a mean age of 58.36 ± 14.06, recruited from six hospitals, who underwent an assessment of balance, walking speed, depression and isometric strength of the ankle and knee. These patients were later categorized into subjects with good balance (<45) in the Berg balance scale (BBS) and those with poor balance (≥45), as cases and controls, to assess the factors associated with balance impairment using binary logistic regression. The prevalence of balance impairment among patients with stroke was 48.1%. The reduction in power of knee flexors (OR = 0.858), knee extensors (OR = 0.880) and ankle dorsiflexors (OR = 0.820) was found to be significantly associated with balance impairment, along with speed (OR = 1.187 (95% CI = 1.100, 1.280)), depression (OR = 1.331 (95% CI = 1.055–1.679)) and activities of daily living (OR = 0.313 (95% CI = 0.150–0.650)). In summary, around half of the patients with stroke exhibited balance impairments, with females being more prone.

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Effects of sagging breasts and other risk factors associated with mastalgia: a case–control study

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-82099-2 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Bülent Çomçalı ◽

Servet Kocaoz ◽

Buket Altun Özdemir ◽

Ömer Parlak ◽

Birol Korukluoğlu

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Coffee Consumption ◽

Educational Status ◽

Case Control ◽

Tea Consumption ◽

Drinking Alcohol ◽

Factors Affecting ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Control Study

AbstractThe aim of this study is to compare patients with and without mastalgia and to analyze the factors affecting mastalgia and its severity. The patient’s age, height, weight, educational status, marital status, and occupation were recorded in all subjects. In addition, the women were asked about the presence of any risk factors for mastalgia, such as tea and coffee consumption, smoking, alcohol consumption, and weight gain. The sternal notch to nipple distance (SNND) was measured to determine whether there was breast sagging. Mastalgia was significantly more common in women with BMIs of > 30 kg/m2 (OR: 2.94, CI 1.65–5.24), those who were primary school graduates or illiterate (OR: 2.96, CI 1.6–5.46), and those with SNND values of 22–25 cm (OR: 2.94, CI 1.79–4.82). In these women, drinking more than 6 cups of tea a day (OR: 2.15, CI 1.32–3.5), smoking at least 10 cigarettes a day (OR: 2.94, CI 1.78–4.83), and drinking alcohol at least once a week (OR: 2.1, CI 1.12–3.91) were found to be important factors that increased the risk of mastalgia. As a result, it has been found that severe mastalgia complaints cause by obesity, sagging breasts, never giving birth, unemployment anxiety, regular smoking, alcohol use, and excessive tea consumption.

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Factors associated with multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) in Bhutan: A nationwide case-control study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0236250 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 15 (7) ◽

pp. e0236250

Author(s):

Chador Tenzin ◽

Natkamol Chansatitporn ◽

Tashi Dendup ◽

Tandin Dorji ◽

Karma Lhazeen ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Case Control Study ◽

Multidrug Resistant ◽

Case Control ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Resistant Tuberculosis ◽

Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽

Mdr Tb ◽

Control Study

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A Case Control Study on Risk Factors Associated with Low Birth Weight Babies in Eastern Nepal

International Journal of Pediatrics ◽

10.1155/2015/807373 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2015 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Ravi Kumar Bhaskar ◽

Krishna Kumar Deo ◽

Uttam Neupane ◽

Subhadra Chaudhary Bhaskar ◽

Birendra Kumar Yadav ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Birth Weight ◽

Low Birth Weight ◽

Maternal Education ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Calcium Supplementation ◽

Case Control ◽

Maternal Body Mass Index ◽

Targeted Interventions ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Control Study

Background. This study was done to assess the maternal and sociodemographic factors associated with low birth weight (LBW) babies.Methods. An unmatched case control study was done involving 159 cases (mothers having LBW singleton babies) and 159 controls (mothers having normal birth weight singleton babies).Results. More than 50% of LBW babies were from the mothers with height ≤145 cm while only 9.43% of NBW babies were from the mothers with that height. Finally, after multivariate logistic regression analysis, maternal height, time of first antenatal care (ANC) visit, number of ANC visits, iron supplementation, calcium supplementation, maternal education, any illness during pregnancy, and hypertension were found as the significant predictors of LBW. However, maternal blood group AB, normal maternal Body Mass Index (BMI), mother’s age of 30 or more years, and starting ANC visit earlier were found to be protective for LBW.Conclusion. Study findings suggest that selectively targeted interventions such as delay age at first pregnancy, improving maternal education and nutrition, and iron and calcium supplementation can prevent LBW in Nepal.

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Identification of Environmental Factors Associated with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in a Southwestern Highland Region of China: A Nested Case-Control Study

PLoS ONE ◽

10.1371/journal.pone.0153524 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. e0153524 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Junkun Niu ◽

Jiarong Miao ◽

Yuan Tang ◽

Qiong Nan ◽

Yan Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Inflammatory Bowel Disease ◽

Environmental Factors ◽

Bowel Disease ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Case Control ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Highland Region ◽

Inflammatory Bowel ◽

Nested Case Control ◽

Control Study

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Malaria Associated Risk Factors Among Adolescent Living in Areas With Persisting Transmission in Senegal: a Case Control Study.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-810164/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

FASSIATOU OLUWATOSIN TAIROU ◽

Abdoulaye Diallo ◽

Ousmane Sy ◽

Aminatou Kone ◽

Isaac Akhenaton Manga ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Malaria Transmission ◽

Case Control Study ◽

Preventive Measures ◽

Clinical Malaria ◽

Case Control ◽

Vulnerable Groups ◽

Malaria Episode ◽

Stepwise Logistic Regression ◽

Factors Associated ◽

Control Study

Abstract Background: In Senegal, malaria morbidity has shapely felt down over these past years. However, malaria epidemiology remains heterogeneous with persisting transmission in the southeastern part of the country and more important number of cases arising among older children and adolescents. Little is known about factors associated with clinical malaria among this group. A better understanding of malaria transmission among this new vulnerable group will guide future interventions targeting these key populations. This study aimed to identify factors associated with clinical malaria among adolescents in Senegal. Methods: A case control study was conducted from November to December 2020 in four health posts located in Saraya district. Cases were defined as adolescents (10-19 years) with uncomplicated malaria episode with fever (Temperature>37.5°) or history of fever and a positive malaria RDT. Controls were from the same age group, living in the neighborhood of the case, presenting a negative RDT. A standardized, pre-tested questionnaire was administered to each participant followed by home visit to assess participant’s living conditions. Factors associated with clinical malaria was assessed using a Stepwise Logistic regression analysis.Results: In total, 492 individuals were recruited (246 cases and 246 controls). In a multivariate analysis, factors associated with clinical malaria included non-use of bed net (aOR=2.65; 95% CI =1.58 - 4.45), non-use of other preventive measures (aOR=2.51; 95% CI=1.53 - 4.11) and indoor sleeping (aOR=3.22; 95%CI =1.66- 6.23). Protective factors included age of 15-19 years (aOR=0.38; 95% CI 0.23 - 0.62), absence of stagnant water around the house (aOR=0.27; 95% CI=0.16 - 0.44), having a female as head of household (aOR=0.47; 95% CI=0.25 - 0.90), occupation such as apprentice (OR=0.24; 95%CI=0.11 - 0.52).Conclusions: The study revealed that environmental factors and non-use of malaria preventive measures are the main determinant of malaria transmission among adolescents living in areas with persisting malaria transmission in Senegal. Strategies aiming at improving disease awareness and access to health care interventions such as LLIN are thus needed to improve malaria control and prevention among these vulnerable groups.

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