Oxidation of ascorbic acid in stored orange juice is associated with reduced plasma vitamin C concentrations and elevated lipid peroxides

Vitamin C or ascorbic acid is a basic nutrient, a highly effective antioxidant, widely used as food additive. Therefore, quality control in food industry demands ascorbic acid determination methods. The purpose of this study was to determine vitamin C in natural orange juices by spectrometric and voltammetric methods. Another goal was to determine the kinetic and thermodynamics activation parameters for ascorbic acid degradation in orange juices over time and at different temperatures. It was observed that during storage, ascorbic acid concentrations in orange juices were gradually decreased with time at a rate depending on storage temperature and type of orange juice. The reaction order was determined through integrated graphical analysis where the dependences of ln ct/c0 as a function of time reveals the high values for R2, indicating that the kinetics of the degradation of AA follows first order reaction at both studied temperatures. For studied samples the loss of ascorbic acid was varied between 4.33% and 9.13%. Enthalpy variation (ΔH) and entropy variation (ΔS) of activation process were obtained from the Eyring–Polany model based on transition state theory. The values of activation energy ranged between 7289.24 kJmol−1 and 15689.54 kJmol−1.

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High-Pressurized Orange Juice Consumption Affects Plasma Vitamin C, Antioxidative Status and Inflammatory Markers in Healthy Humans

Journal of Nutrition ◽

10.1093/jn/133.7.2204 ◽

2003 ◽

Vol 133 (7) ◽

pp. 2204-2209 ◽

Cited By ~ 59

Author(s):

Concepción Sánchez-Moreno ◽

M. Pilar Cano ◽

Begoña de Ancos ◽

Lucía Plaza ◽

Begoña Olmedilla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Orange Juice ◽

Inflammatory Markers ◽

Plasma Vitamin ◽

Antioxidative Status ◽

Healthy Humans

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Role of Vitamin C (Ascorbic Acid) on Human Health- A Review

African Journal of Food, Agriculture, Nutrition and Development ◽

10.18697/ajfand.8.1155 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 5 (8) ◽

pp. 01-12

Author(s):

Mary K Walingo ◽

Keyword(s):

Blood Pressure ◽

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Human Health ◽

The Body ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Plasma Vitamin ◽

Risk Of Death ◽

Increased Risk

Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, abounds in nature and is highly labile. It is a water-soluble vitamin that is lost in large amounts during food processing. It is a vitamin whose prescribed requirement across cultures is not uniform. For example , the prescribed requirement of vitamin C in Great Britain is 30mg/day, while in the U.S.A., it is 60mg/day and 100mg/day in Japan. These variations are unusual and point to the need for further research to establish the acceptable RDAs for diverse populations. The RDA for vitamin C should be more than the amount needed to prevent the occurrence of disease. Vitamin C plays significant functions in the body that enhance its role in the health status of the human body. The biochemical functions of vitamin C include: stimulation of certain enzymes, collagen biosynthesis, hormonal activation, antioxidant, detoxification of histamine, phagocytic functions of leukocytes, formation of nitrosamine, and proline hydroxylation amongst others. These functions are related to the health effects of vitamin C status in an individual. In human health, vitamin C has been associated with reduction of incidence of cancer, blood pressure, immunity, and drug metabolism and urinary hydroxyproline excretion, tissue regeneration. This vitamin is needed for the proper metabolism of drugs in the body through adequate hepatic mixed function oxidase system. Epidemiological data have revealed the preventive and curative role of vitamin C on certain disease conditions in the body though controversies still persist. Vitamin C is effective in protecting against oxidative damage in tissues and also suppresses formation of carcinogens like nitrosamines. There is an inverse relationship with blood pressure and both plasma vitamin C and Vitamin C. Vitamin C has a lowering effect on blood pressure, especially on systolic pressure more than a diastolic pressure. Low levels of plasma vitamin C are associated with stroke and with an increased risk of all cause mortality. Increased consumption of ascorbic acid raises serum ascorbic levels and could decrease the risk of death.

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Total phenol, total flavonoid and ascorbic acid content of Iranian commercial orange juice

Journal of Food Safety and Hygiene ◽

10.18502/jfsh.v6i1.6022 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Hoda Ashari ◽

Naficeh Sadeghi ◽

Mohammad Reza Oveisi ◽

Mannan Hajimahmoodi

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Acid Content ◽

Orange Juice ◽

Ascorbic Acid Content ◽

Total Phenol ◽

Spectrometric Method ◽

Total Phenols ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Gallic Acid Equivalent

This study was designed to measure and compare the total phenols, flavonoids and vitamin C contents in four orange juice brands which are commercially available in Iran. Total phenols, flavonoids and ascorbic acid content of 100 samples from four different commercial brands were evaluated by the spectrometric method. The concentration of total phenol in commercial orange juice samples was between 28.39 and 114.20 mg gallic acid equivalent per liter (mg GAE/L). The measured range of total flavonoids was from 12.53 to 32.62 mg quercetin equivalent per liter (mg QE/L) and the content of ascorbic acid in the samples was between 29.95 and 93.08 mg/L. The results showed a significant difference between the four brand`s total phenols, flavonoids and vitamin C level (P< 0.05). According to the found variation among different studied brands, setting a determined amount for the measured parameters is suggested.

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Pulsed electric fields–processed orange juice consumption increases plasma vitamin C and decreases F2-isoprostanes in healthy humans

The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry ◽

10.1016/j.jnutbio.2004.04.007 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 15 (10) ◽

pp. 601-607 ◽

Cited By ~ 42

Author(s):

Concepción Sánchez-Moreno ◽

M.Pilar Cano ◽

Begoña de Ancos ◽

Lucía Plaza ◽

Begoña Olmedilla ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vitamin C ◽

Electric Fields ◽

Orange Juice ◽

Pulsed Electric Fields ◽

Plasma Vitamin ◽

Healthy Humans

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Orange juice vs vitamin C: effect on hydrogen peroxide-induced DNA damage in mononuclear blood cells

British Journal Of Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s0007114507657948 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 97 (4) ◽

pp. 639-643 ◽

Cited By ~ 61

Author(s):

Serena Guarnieri ◽

Patrizia Riso ◽

Marisa Porrini

Keyword(s):

Dna Damage ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Orange Juice ◽

Repeated Measures ◽

Oxidative Dna Damage ◽

Plasma Vitamin ◽

Antioxidant Defence ◽

Repeated Measures Design ◽

Mononuclear Blood Cells ◽

Time Point

The intake of fruits rich in vitamin C seems to increase the antioxidant defence of the organism. However, it is still not clear whether vitamin C alone is responsible for this effect. The aim of the present investigation was to study the effect of the intake of a single portion of blood orange juice (BOJ, 300 ml, providing 150 mg vitamin C) on mononuclear blood cell (MNBC) DNA damage, compared with a drink supplemented with the same amount of vitamin C (C-drink) or sugars (S-drink). Seven young healthy subjects were randomised in a repeated-measures design in which they received each drink on different occasions, 2 weeks apart. Blood samples were collected at baseline, every hour for 8 h, and at 24 h after the intake of each drink. Vitamin C was analysed at each time point by HPLC, whereas H2O2-induced MNBC DNA damage was evaluated at 0, 3 and 24 h by means of the comet assay. Plasma vitamin C concentration increased similarly following BOJ or C-drink intake and was not affected by the S-drink. DNA damage significantly decreased 3 h after BOJ intake (about 18 %; P < 0·01) and remained constant at 24 h (about 16 %; P < 0·01). No effect of the C-drink and S-drink was observed. In conclusion, the intake of a single portion of BOJ provided an early protection of MNBC against oxidative DNA damage; however, the protective effect of BOJ was not explained by vitamin C alone, thus other phytochemicals could be involved.

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SUPPLEMENTAL VALUE OF ASCORBIC ACID DURING LATE GESTATION ON PIGLET SURVIVAL AND EARLY GROWTH

Canadian Journal of Animal Science ◽

10.4141/cjas83-077 ◽

1983 ◽

Vol 63 (3) ◽

pp. 683-687 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

E. R. CHAVEZ

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Late Gestation ◽

Dietary Vitamin ◽

Control Group ◽

Plasma Vitamin ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Vitamin C Supplementation ◽

Dietary Treatments ◽

Piglet Survival

Twenty-six pregnant sows were included in four different dietary treatments as follows: (1) Control group with no vitamin C supplementation; (2) vitamin-C-supplemented group receiving 1 g/day ascorbic acid provided in a gelatin capsule; or (3) vitamin-C-supplemented group receiving 1 g/day ascorbic acid in a powder form spread on the top of the pelleted meal; (4) as (3) but receiving 10 g/day ascorbic acid. Vitamin-C-supplemented sows in treatments 2 and 4 showed a significant (P < 0.05) increase in blood plasma vitamin C prefarrowing. Pregnant sows receiving 10 g/day vitamin C supplement showed a significantly (P < 0.05) higher concentration of this vitamin in the urine than either control or sows receiving 1 g/day vitamin C supplementation. Sows in treatment 4 showed a significantly higher (P < 0.05) vitamin C content in colostrum than control animals. During lactation, no significant difference in vitamin C content in milk was observed between control and animals receiving 10 g/day vitamin C supplement. The vitamin C content in the plasma of the piglets at birth indicated that supplementing vitamin C to the mothers, significantly (P < 0.05) increased the concentration of this vitamin in the newborn piglet compared to control animals. However, the piglet survival and growth up to weaning at 3 wk of age was not significantly affected by dietary vitamin C supplementation of the mothers' diet. Key words: Ascorbic acid, gestation, piglet survival, Vitamin C

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P21 Scurvy during home parenteral nutrition

Archives of Disease in Childhood ◽

10.1136/archdischild-2020-nppg.30 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 105 (9) ◽

pp. e17.1-e17

Author(s):

Natalia Iglesias ◽

Elena Cernat ◽

Jennifer Trippett

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Parenteral Nutrition ◽

Reference Range ◽

Significant Risk ◽

Home Parenteral Nutrition ◽

The Other ◽

Plasma Vitamin ◽

List Type ◽

Vitamin Deficiencies

IntroductionDegradation of ascorbic acid due to oxygen presence in parenteral nutrition (PN) is well documented.1 Although patients on home parenteral nutrition (HPN) are routinely monitored for some vitamin deficiencies, plasma vitamin C is rarely measured in this population.We report a case of clinical vitamin C deficiency in a patient with severe dysmotility for whom the only source of nutrition was parenteral nutrition with continuous infusion over 24 hours.MethodsA 6 years old girl with severe gastrointestinal dysmotility following a fundoplication tolerated no enteral feed and could not have time off PN due to hypoglycaemic episodes. She presented with gingival bleeding and epistaxis and also complaining of pain on her arms and shoulders. A clotting was requested which showed prolonged INR and she was treated with IV vitamin K. An x-ray of her wrist and shoulder showed osteopenia but no other abnormalities. Vitamin C measurement was requested.ResultsPlasma vitamin C was low at 3.5 micromol/L (26.1–84.6) which confirmed the diagnosis of scurvy. She was treated with 3 doses of Pabrinex® over 3 days (providing total of 450 mg vitamin C). 100 mg of ascorbic acid were also added to her PN, providing double the baseline amount. Plasma vitamin C measured after two weeks had risen to normal at 45 micromol/L. Her bleeding and pains resolved over a few days. During the next year plasma vitamin C was measured every three months and remained within reference range. She remained clinically well with no recurrence of bleeding. Due to methodology limitations, the amount of vitamin C in the PN bag could not be tested. Therefore we decided to measure plasma vitamin C in two other patients that had PN as the only source of nutrition and given over 12 hours. In both cases the result was within the reference range at 58.7 and 38 micromol/L respectively. Published literature2 suggests that temperature contributes to vitamin C degradation. The PN fluid would have been at room temperature for around 24 hours for the patient that developed scurvy, compared to half this time in the other two.ConclusionsThis case highlights that there is a significant risk of vitamin C degradation due to the oxygen present within the PN bag. However, the fact that for the other 2 patient’s plasma vitamin C was normal suggests that presence of oxygen alone might not be enough to cause vitamin C insufficiency. Temperature might be a contributing factor to vitamin C degradation, as has been shown with enteral feed.3 From these cases we concluded that measurement of vitamin C during HPN would be indicated not only if there were suggestive symptoms, but should also be added in to routine monitoring in any patient with a 24 hour infusion time and extremely restricted enteral intake.ReferencesNHS Pharmaceutical Quality Assurance Committee, Standard protocol for derivation and assessment of stability Part 4 – Parenteral Nutrition, May 2016Turmezei J, Javorszky E, Szabo E, et al. Effect of storage temperature on stability of total parenteral nutrition admixtures prepared for infants. Acta Poloniae Pharmaceutica, Drug Research 2015:72:843–9Gorman SR, Armstrong G, Allen KR, et al. Scarcity in the midst of plenty: enteral tube feeding complicated by scurvy. Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition 2002;35:93–95

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Efecto de la radiación gamma sobre la vitamina C

Revista ECIPeru ◽

10.33017/reveciperu2011.0005/ ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 26-29

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Gamma Radiation ◽

Orange Juice ◽

Fruits And Vegetables ◽

Water Solution ◽

Initial Content ◽

Effects Of Radiation ◽

The One ◽

Different Doses

Efecto de la radiación gamma sobre la vitamina C Effect of gamma radiation on vitamin C Johnny Vargas R. Instituto Peruano de Energía Nuclear. Av. Canadá 1470 Lima 41 DOI: https://doi.org/10.33017/RevECIPeru2011.0005/ RESUMEN Uno de los compuestos orgánicos más sensibles a la temperatura, almacenamiento y radiaciones es el ácido ascórbico. En una planta de irradiación para el tratamiento cuarentenario, se procesarán frutas y hortalizas frescas; vegetales portadores de vitamina C. Se irradió a una determinada concentración la vitamina C (42,24 mg/100 ml) contenida en 3 diferentes sustratos: en jugo de naranja, en solución de agua y acido ascórbico puro en cristales, diluida posteriormente en agua; se aplicaron diferentes dosis de radiación gamma (0; 0,1; 1,0; y 10 kGy), la tasas de dosis fue 7,433 Gy/min. Los resultados mostraron que los mayores porcentajes de destrucción vitamina C irradiada a las dosis respectivas se presentaron en la solución de vitamina C contenida en agua,(15,62; 64,11 y 84,38 %) debido al efecto indirecto de la radiación gamma, luego en la vitamina C contenida en el jugo de naranja,(5,25; 7,33 y 50,50 %) esto es debido a que los otros constituyentes del jugo de naranja, tienen un efecto protector en la vitamina C contra las radiaciones, la vitamina C en cristales fue la que presentó los menores porcentajes de destrucción (3,13; 4,60 y 6,74%). Las diferentes muestras presentaron un contenido inicial de 42,24 mg de vitamina C por 100 ml del sustrato seleccionado. A la dosis de 0,1 kGy el porcentaje de destrucción en la solución de agua fue de 15,62 % mientras en el jugo de naranja y en cristales fue de 5,25 % y 3,13 % respectivamente; a la dosis de 1 kGy presentaron los siguientes porcentajes de destrucción solución 64,11; jugo 7,33 y cristales 4,60% respectivamente y a la dosis de 10 kGy la destrucción de la vitamina C en solución fue de 84,38; en jugo de naranja 50,50 % y en cristales 6, 79% demostrándose que el tipo de sustrato y la dosis juega un papel importante en los efectos de la radiación sobre la vitamina C. En una planta de irradiación para el tratamiento cuarentenario de frutas y hortalizas frescas se aplicaran dosis alrededor de 0,1 kGy, por lo que las pérdidas en vitamina C serán mínimas. Descriptores: Irradiación, Vitamina C, dosis, tratamiento cuarentenario. ABSTRACT One of the organic compounds more sensitive to temperature, storage and radiation is ascorbic acid. In an irradiation plant quarantine treatment, be processed fruits and vegetables, vegetable carriers of vitamin C. Was irradiated at a given concentration of vitamin C (42.24 mg/100 ml) contained in 3 different media: orange juice in water solution and pure ascorbic acid crystals, then diluted in water, we applied different doses of radiation Gamma (0, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 kGy), the dose rate was 7.433 GY / min.The results showed that higher percentages of vitamin C destruction irradiated to the respective doses were presented in the solution of vitamin C contained in water, (15.62, 64.11 and 84.38%) due to the indirect effect of gamma radiation , then vitamin C contained in orange juice, (5.25, 7.33 and 50.50%) This is because the other constituents of orange juice, have a protective effect of vitamin C against radiation, vitamin C crystals, was the one with the lowest percentages of Destruction (3.13, 4.60 and 6.74%). The different samples showed an initial content of 42.24 mg of vitamin C per 100 ml of the selected substrate. A dose of 0.1 kGy the percentage of destruction in the water solution was 15.62% while in the orange juice and glasses was 5.25% and 3.13% respectively, at a dose of 1 kGy showed the following percentages of destruction solution 64.11; juice crystals and 7.33 respectively 4.60% and the dose of 10 kGy the destruction of vitamin C in solution was 84.38, in orange juice 50.50 % and in crystals 6, 79% demonstrated that the type of substrate and the dose plays an important role in the effects of radiation on vitamin C. In an irradiation facility for quarantine treatment of fruits and vegetables are applied about 0.1 kGy dose, so the vitamin C losses will be minimal. Keywords: Irradiation, Vitamin C, dose, quarantine treatment.

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PLASMA VITAMIN C LEVELS IN DERMATOPHILOSIS INFECTED AND ON-INFECTED CATTLE

Nigerian Journal of Animal Production ◽

10.51791/njap.v15i.1222 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 ◽

pp. 135-138

Author(s):

S. I. ETTE ◽

O. B. WILSON ◽

S. R. AMAKIR1

Keyword(s):

Ascorbic Acid ◽

Vitamin C ◽

Plasma Vitamin ◽

Infected Cattle ◽

Blood Samples ◽

Lower Lever

In two separate experiments, blood samples from dermatophilosis infected and non-infected cattle were analyzed for their vitamin C content. In the first experiment using abattoir samples, streptothricosis infected animals showed significantly lower lever (P < 0.01) Of ascorbic acid in mg per 100 ml of plasma (0.56) than non-infected ones (1.11). In the second experiment using samples from live animals, a non- significant decrease in the concentration of Vitamin in C was also observed in infected (0.94) compared with non-infected animals (1.05)

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